math and bio question? help plz!

[CCDD12]

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cos 495= ???

i know that the reference angle would be 45 degrees. so then i thought cos 45 = 1/ sq root of 2 ( from a 45-45-90 triangle) but destroyers says cos 45 = sq root 2 / 2.

im confused


also.... is there a net of 32 or 34 ATP from the electron transport chain?

 

[saaz55]

1/sq rt 2 is the same as sq rt 2/2. you take ur number and u multiply the numerator and the denominator by sq rt 2 and you will get the Destroyer's answer. as for the bio question, i believe the net is 32 atp for etc. but dont hold me to it

 

[CCDD12]

haha wow....definitely overlooked that....thanks!

 

[BenignDMD]

There are 34 ATP produced in the electron transport chain/oxidative phosphorylation but a net of 32.

3 ATP/NADH (2 ATP/NADH from glycolysis)and 2 ATP/FADH2.

Also as a rehash:

There are 4 ATP produced in glycolysis but there is a cost of 2 ATP (at step 1 and 3) to form the 2 pyruvate molecules produced in glycolysis. Therefore, there is a net of 2 ATP from glycolysis.

Pyruvate decarboxylation produces 2 NADH molecules, 2 acetyl-CoA's and 2 CO2. There is a cost of 2 ATP to import the 2 NADH molecules from glycolysis into the mitochondria.

Krebs cycle yields 4 CO2's, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2.

Thus, substrate level phosphorylaiton nets only 4 ATP.

Oxidative Phosphorylation/Electron Transport Chain nets 32 ATP.

Therefore, cellular respiration yields 36 ATP.

 

[CCDD12]

thanks for clearing that up...kaplan says the ETC has a net of 32 and I remember reading somewhere else that it was 34.

thanks again

 

[BenignDMD]

Oops, sorry. I got my numbers confused as well. Ox/Phos nets 32 ATP, substrate level nets 4 ATP.

I edited my above post

 

[CCDD12]

ah i keep reading different answers for how many net ATP are produced at the Electron transport chain. In my kaplan lesson book (page 70) it says that a net of 34 ATP are produced in the ETC....is this right or is it 32 net???????

please help.