Molecular Biology on DAT
Started by jessica22
jessica22 said:
for the molecular bio part, the Kaplan blue book should be enough. They want you to know the general info, like DNA to RNA to protein, etc. You don't need to know the crazy detail you did for Cell Bio or Genetics.
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Yea its just the basics, like know the basic enzymes involved in transcription and translation and how the general process works. Pretty much if its so simple you went over it in BioI or II, then you should know it. But you dont need to worry about the ungodly number of TF's and how they work with promoters, activators, etc...You dont even need to know the different DNAPs and RNAPs. As far gene regulation, all u need is the simple lac operon model, but nothing more complex than that.
I need to know about DNA replication, protein synthesis, Transcription and Translation part of Protein synthesis right? Is that all?
I took bio I and II 3 years ago, so I don't remember a lot of stuffs... What do you guys reccommend?
I took bio I and II 3 years ago, so I don't remember a lot of stuffs... What do you guys reccommend?
jessica22 said:
Yea thats pretty much it. My memory is a little hazy, but just know whats in the kaplan book and you're fine.
Make sure you know the directionality of nucleic acid synthesis 5'>3' and given a DNA template know the RNA transcript and viceversa.
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5'AUGCCGAACUAA3' this is an RNA transcript, what is the corresponding DNA template? I'm sure there are examples/questions in a kaplan review book similar to this.
No problem - just review the basics of transcription, splicing, and translation. There will probably be one or two molecularbio questions on the DAT usually straightforward. If you have other questions feel free to ask me by message, I am also training in cell biology so I dig this stuff.
captaintripps,
oh my gosh... are u serious? i feel so sad about this part... this is all i know so far...
G=C
A=T
C+T=G+A
purines is larger than pyrimiden
DNA Replication
1) helicase open up DNA
2) RNA primer lay on
3) DNA polymerase synthesizing DNA from 5' to 3'
Transcribing
DNA is used by RNA polymerase to synthesize mRNA.
mRNA migrate to the cytoplasm, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including splicing when the non-coding sequences are eliminated (introns). Before mRNA leaves the nucleus, poly-A tail is added to prevent degradation. mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. Transcribing occurs from 3-5.
Translation
mRNA binds to ribosome at AUG (the start codon). tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome. Then it go through the elongation phase, and termination phase.
Differences between RNA and DNA
mRNA is single stranded, has uracil instead of thymine, monocistronic.
tRNA small RNA found in cytoplasm, aids in the translation of mRNAs nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids. Bring amino acids to ribosome during protein synthesis.
rRNA structural component of ribosome and is the most abundant of all RNA types. Synthesized in nucleolus.
oh my gosh... are u serious? i feel so sad about this part... this is all i know so far...
G=C
A=T
C+T=G+A
purines is larger than pyrimiden
DNA Replication
1) helicase open up DNA
2) RNA primer lay on
3) DNA polymerase synthesizing DNA from 5' to 3'
Transcribing
DNA is used by RNA polymerase to synthesize mRNA.
mRNA migrate to the cytoplasm, mRNA goes through different types of maturation including splicing when the non-coding sequences are eliminated (introns). Before mRNA leaves the nucleus, poly-A tail is added to prevent degradation. mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores. Transcribing occurs from 3-5.
Translation
mRNA binds to ribosome at AUG (the start codon). tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome. Then it go through the elongation phase, and termination phase.
Differences between RNA and DNA
mRNA is single stranded, has uracil instead of thymine, monocistronic.
tRNA small RNA found in cytoplasm, aids in the translation of mRNAs nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids. Bring amino acids to ribosome during protein synthesis.
rRNA structural component of ribosome and is the most abundant of all RNA types. Synthesized in nucleolus.
jessica22 said:
Topoisomerases: cut one strand + relieve pressures in coil
Single Strand Binding Protein: destabilizes the helix
Helicases: do the actual unwinding
Primase: initiates chain growth
DNA Polymerase: extends chain growth (5' - 3')
Exonuclease: removes sections of DNA
Ligases: anneals segments of DNA
jessica22 said:
Sounds like you are familiar with the terminology, now just know the definitions. Three processes to understand, and not confuse - DNA replication (leading/lagging strand synthesis), DNA transcription (mRNA production), and mRNA translation (polypeptide synthesis). General knowledge of which enzymes are involved in each step of gene expression, not very deep, the enzyme list in the previous post is ideal. Okazaki fragments will probe your understanding of the continuous and discontinous processes of DNA synthesis during replication, this is directly related to the 5'>3' direction of synthesis. So, yes you should know the significance of okazaki fragments.
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also be sure to know the difference between LAC OPERON and TRP OPERON.
recall that in an E. Coli cell growing in the absence of lactose, a repressor protein binds to the operator, preventing RNA polymerase from transcribing the lac operon's genes. The operon is OFF.
When the inducer, lactose, is added, it binds to the repressor and changes the repressor's shape so as to eliminate binding to the operator. As long as the operator remains free of the repressor, RNA polymerase that recognizes the promoter can transcribe the operon's structural genes into mRNA. The operon is ON.
you can find more info on this stuff in your bio book, the Kaplan review, or do a search on google.
recall that in an E. Coli cell growing in the absence of lactose, a repressor protein binds to the operator, preventing RNA polymerase from transcribing the lac operon's genes. The operon is OFF.
When the inducer, lactose, is added, it binds to the repressor and changes the repressor's shape so as to eliminate binding to the operator. As long as the operator remains free of the repressor, RNA polymerase that recognizes the promoter can transcribe the operon's structural genes into mRNA. The operon is ON.
you can find more info on this stuff in your bio book, the Kaplan review, or do a search on google.
