nbme 6 some behv and biostats. anyone?

[sadaca]

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5-A study is done to determine the efficacy of fish oil in preventing progression of renal disease in patients with lgA nephropathy. 100 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed lgA nephropathy are entered into the study. The odd numbered patients are treated with fish oil and the even numbered patients are treated with olive oil, an inactive fatty acid. Over the next 5 years, all patients are followed for the development of end-stage renal disease. Results are shown:
. #reaching end Stage Renal Disease
Fish oil Group (n=50) 3
Olive oil Group (n=50) 17

The incidence of end stage renal disease in the fish oil group was significantly lower than in the Olive oil group (p<0.01). which of the following best describes the Study?
A. Case- Control
B. Case Series
C. Cohort (WRONG) it says being followed over time someone plz help
D. Controlled Trial
E. Crossover
F. Cross-Section

other blogs ppl say D or A . Did anyone get this right ? What is a controlled trial? Thank you

49 yo woman hasn't slept 2 wks, denies previous history of sleep difficulty, drunk 1 bottle of wine for the past week, but hasn't drunk in the past. Demands to be seen by the head of the department. Speech is rapid, pressured, she is irritable. She got major depressive disorder 6 years ago. What's her Dx now?
-alcohol withdrawal
-alcohol halucinosis
-alcoholism
-bipolar disorder
-cyclothymic disorder WRONG

plz explain why E is wrong its depression for more than 2 years...plus mania??

 

[notbobtrustme]

not sure about the first one, but my guess would be D but I can't explain why.

Second one sounds like bipolar. can't be the first 3 since she never drank before, so it sounds like she's manic at the moment.

 

[sadaca]

thanks..
why not cyclothymic??

 

[ABQ9988]

Since she had major depression in the past and at least one manic episode...this qualifies for bipolar.

Cyclothymic is less severe. Wouldn't have had major depression.

 

[notbobtrustme]

thanks..
why not cyclothymic??

IIRC, cyclothymic is like mild mania, mild depression with very little periods of normality inbetween. Bipolar is major depression, an intercession period where the patient is more or less normal, then a full-blown maniac phase where they roll deep with midgets that breathe fire.

 

[ABQ9988]

First question is controlled trial aka clinical trial with randomization.

 

[GangaMaster]

thanks..
why not cyclothymic??

someone cyclothymic doesn't have a Major Depressive Episode. They cycle from mild depression to mild HYPOmania for atleast 2 years. 1 episode of Manic disorder gives you Bipolar as long as its for atleast 1 week.

 

[sadaca]

thank you that helps ALOT! god bless.

could anyone explain why its clinical trial how do u know? thanks!

 

[NeuroLAX]

thank you that helps ALOT! god bless.

could anyone explain why its clinical trial how do u know? thanks!

Treatment group vs inactive (placebo) group.