Ochem questions

[houstongirl]

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Electron withdrawing are
och3,no2,cl,cn,coh,cooh

electron donating are
nh2,ch2,oh,ch3,ch2cl,ococh3

Are these correct.

Also, what is the main point that distinguishes electron withdrawing from electron donating. I mean I am confused why och3 is electron withdrawing and OH is electron donating.

can someone help
Thank you

 

[houstongirl]

Did any of you make a list of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups. can we compare notes.

 

[gijohn529]

OCH3 is an electron donating group on an aromatic ring. O has a lone pairs that donate to electron density. All other substituants that you have are correct except for OCH3. What makes it donating are the lone pairs and the CH3's have something to do with electron induction. The carbonyl groups are electron withdrawing because the carbonyl carbon exhibits a positive dipole moment. Good luck!

 

[houstongirl]

Thank you for clarifying that for me.