Did you guys think that there are people who spend time reading the applications? Do you realize that except an administrative assistant there is at least the program director reading these applications? This guy (each program director) is a dentist. He(she) puts days of work into this application process. Instead of reading applications he can be in the clinic treating patients and making money. Now, put yourself in these people shoes and think straight. Should be any fee there if the person is not called for an interview? Sure, the applicant file was reviewed anyway. The fee is not covering the real expenses. You should know that a lot of people interviewing applicants, do this for free (volunteers). I know that this fee means a lot at this point, but very soon when you get accepted, you realize that this is your smallest problem, when you need to pay $100.000-200.000 fees.