Organic reducers

[yakuza]

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Can someone kindly name everything that these reduce, I'm having a lot of trouble.

H2/ Pd,Pt, Ni

H2/ Pd(BaSO4)

Na/NH3 (l)

LiAlH4, Et2O/ H20

NaBH4/CH3OH

Raney Nickel



also when I say everything they reduce..I mean like e-v-e-r-y-t-h-i-n-g because I've seen so many things and got confused.

 

[Thundercatz]

Can someone kindly name everything that these reduce, I'm having a lot of trouble.

H2/ Pd,Pt, Ni

H2/ Pd(BaSO4)

Na/NH3 (l)

LiAlH4, Et2O/ H20

NaBH4/CH3OH

Raney Nickel



also when I say everything they reduce..I mean like e-v-e-r-y-t-h-i-n-g because I've seen so many things and got confused.

Alex,

You dont have to memorize all those. Take a look at the items you listed. You see anything in common? Reducers generally have a lot H's and oxidizers usually have a lot of Os (ex KMnO4). Hope that helps.

 

[yakuza]

Alex,

You dont have to memorize all those. Take a look at the items you listed. You see anything in common? Reducers generally have a lot H's and oxidizers usually have a lot of Os (ex KMnO4). Hope that helps.

They all do different things though. Some reduce esters, alcohols, ethers, nitriles, amides, amines, halides. For example..I think I saw NaNH3(l) cleave a halide..? Not sure

 

[Thundercatz]

They all do different things though. Some reduce esters, alcohols, ethers, nitriles, amides, amines, halides. For example..I think I saw NaNH3(l) cleave a halide..? Not sure

Yea,

If you want, Ill help you out after my test.

 

[yakuza]

Arite sounds good

 

[polarmolar]

I saw all those explained in Kaplans orgo section so you might wanna check that out.

 

[condoleezarice]

You can look this up in a textbook, wikipedia, or a review book. But, from the top of my head:
1. H2 with metal mainly will reduce alkynes and alkenes into alkanes via addition reaction.

2. H2 with Pd/BaSO4 will reduce an alkyne into an alkene via addition(i think)

3. LiAlH4 is a STRONG reducing agent. It will pretty much reduce anything(esters, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, carbonitriles, epoxides) all the way down into an alcohol or amine.

4. NaBH4 is a weaker reducing agent. Will not reduce esters amides or carboxylic acids. It will pretty much only reduce aldehydes and ketones into alcohols.

 

[nixon13]

dont for get about the wolf kishner reductions NH2NH2, OH-. Reduces amides to amines. The Clemmson reduction does the same thing with
Zn(Hg), HCl. 🙂

 

[giant]

H2/ Pd,Pt, Ni
Reduces alkynes & alkenes to alkanes

H2/ Pd(BaSO4)-[Lindlar's catalyst]
Reduces an alkyne => a cis Alkene (can stop here), alkene=>alkane

Na/NH3 (l)
Reduces an alkyne => a trans alkene (can stop here), alkene=>alkana

LiAlH4, Et2O/ H20
Reduces everything, i.e. aldehydes, ketones, esters, acid halides & carboxylic acid to alcohols

NaBH4/CH3OH
Milder, usually chosen for aldehydes & ketones (more selective & less reactive)

Raney Nickel
Reduces aldehydes & ketones to alcohols; alkenes to alkanes

 

[giant]

NaBH4/CH3OH
Milder, usually chosen for reducing aldehydes & ketones (more selective & less reactive) to alcohols