ortho/para and meta directors

[patricklin27]

So i know electron donating groups and halogens are ortho/para directors and electron withdrawing groups are meta directors and destablizes the reactivity of the benzene.

However, why is ortho/para favored in electron donating groups and meta director favored in electron withdrawing groups (except for halogens)

Thank uyou

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[hl4jn]

With O/P directors, if you draw out their structures including lone pairs, all the OP directors can "resonance" by donating their lone pair down to the bond to the benzene and kicking the double bond to a carbon. Drawing out the resonance structures of OP helps understand..

I'm curious to know about meta directors though..

 

[Dotoday]

With meta directors you also need to examine the resonance structures. When an electron withdrawing group is on the benzene, it will destabilize the car vocation it it comes on the carbon attached to the electron withdrawing group. Wen the car vocation is on the meta position, the electron withdrawing director cannot destabilize it. Hope this helps.

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[patricklin27]

im sorry but what is a car vocation?

 

[babowc]

Carbocation.

 

[patricklin27]

gotcha.. thanks guys

 

[Dotoday]

Yes. Sorry , ment to say carbocation, lol. My keyboard had other ideas. Hope it helped.

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