A few (less than 10) schools have undergraduate programs in poultry science, but I don't think there are any vet schools that are known for their poultry program. It's such a small and specialized field that only one vet student (if any) graduates from each school every few years with an intent to practice poultry medicine.
Most vet schools offer one class in poultry medicine, so most schools do have a poultry vet faculty member. I've heard that poultry is about 2% of the boards, so you'll need to learn SA (50%?) and LA (35%?) as well. Essentially, it's impossible to choose a vet school based on their poultry program, because no one really has one.
On the other hand, I've talked to a few poultry vets, and all have recommended doing a post-DVM program, such as the Master's in Avian Medicine program at UGA:
http://www.avian.uga.edu/MAM.php. NC State and I think UC Davis also have similar programs, but NC State is a big turkey growing state, so you'll learn more than just chickens there.
I believe all 3 of these programs are 1.5-2 years long (better than a residency!). And then you should get board-certified, just to ensure you have the proper number of acronyms after your name.
If you really want to learn poultry while you're in vet school, extern with poultry companies. Tyson, Cobb, Fieldale, Pilgrim's Pride... anyone, really, would be more than happy to pay you to learn with them for a summer during vet school. Just ask! They need people, and they think that if you work with them for a summer, you may sign up for life. An internship/externship will make you competitive for a post-DVM degree, as well, and sometimes the company that you work for will pay for your school if you continue to work for them. Then they'll increase your salary and you'll pay off your vet school debt sooner and your entire family will be happier!
Sorry that was verbose, but I hope it answered some of your questions!