Okay... How to be a "Type 1":
(1) Plan your pregnancy. For example, try to time having your baby during a research block where you're not already in the call pool (etc.).
(2) Discuss it with your program. Hey, this isn't just about "you" in residency. People have a right to know. When you are past the "magic 12 weeks" inform everyone when your expected confinement date is, and start working on plans to get you "in and out" as quickly as possible.
(3) Work hard. Continue to meet your obligations to your clinical program and your colleagues. Don't skip meetings, grand rounds, lectures, etc. because you are pregnant. Show up early, despite morning sickness, and continue to work. (We had a resident with hyperemesis gravidarum who came to work with a SQ Zofran pump.)
(4) Work to the end. That's right, stay on the call schedule until you're just about ready to blow. Chances are, you're gonna have the baby in the hospital you're working in. So, it's not like you're at risk. One other resident, literally, worked up to the point that she had her baby. She wasn't "feeling well", stayed to the end of her shift, went home, came back and was admitted - she had her baby at 2:00 AM that morning.
(5) Take minimal time off. Part of your planning should be to figure out a way to take as little time off as possible after the baby is born. The FMLA gives you 12 weeks. You should, at most, take 6. Six is plenty. Remember, the more time you take the farther behind you're going to get in your program.
(6) Plan, plan, plan. You should think about all contingencies that could happen... preemie, early sickness, etc. and have a plan in place to deal with them. This may include dropping out of the program altogether, and you should inform your PD at the earliest possible time if you have a problem pregnancy. Likewise, you should plan for after the baby is born... you have in-laws close by? Do you need a nanny to help out? Is your husband or S.O. able to take time off or work at home?
(7) Make up when you get back. When you come back from your maternity leave, you should tell your colleagues that you are prepared to take extra call to cover the time you missed (if you did) when you were out. This may only be an extra day or two during a month... maybe even farther in the academic year... but this gesture alone will save you a lot of grief. Likewise, get back into the swing of things like you hadn't missed a beat. If you follow (6) to the letter, this won't be a problem (and where I've seen some new moms fall down).
Just remember, your actions of having a baby during residency, more than in PP where you can select a job that will cater to a wanna-be mom, will impact a lot of people. Most of the women I have worked with who've had babies during residency have been Type 1's. A couple of have been Type 2's. One female has been a Type 3, and ironically (or maybe not-so-much) she stayed on as faculty at our institution. And, we had (as I mentioned already) one dude who tried to be a Type 3, and - let me tell you - he got punished hard for it. You see, there are a lot of men in our program who's wives are having babies... and they still show up for work, take call, etc. At best, I think they've taken a week off after the baby was born to help out at home. Then, it's right back to the grind.
So, bottom line, if you want equal respect and equal stature, don't expect there to be a double-standard. Or, if you want to have your cake and eat it to, don't be expected to be treated the same. Life is full of difficult choices. We all have to make them. You're just not going to get everything you want. Life is not a fairy tale, despite what you've been brainwashed into believing watching Cinderella and Snow White and every other Disney movie since you were a little girl.
-copro