The prematch, or signing outside of the match is only available to independent candidates in the NRMP. That is, IMGs/FMGs, DOs and graduated physicians. AMGs from allopathic programs cannot accept a contract outside of the match for programs participating in the NRMP.
Now, if a program does not participate in the NRMP (which are few), they do not have to adhere to these rules and can offer a candidate a contract at any time they want.
It was also my understanding that if applicants do not wish to enter the match (I.E. do not register with NRMP) they are eligible for prematch. Is this not also the case?
i talked to an FMG and he said you go there and you would have to ask the PD if they offer prematches or not, and if they do, and both of you agree, then you have like a few weeks to decide to sign the contract or not. if you do, then you're done
the thing with prematches, he said, was that either you are really good, or the program is really crappy (that they are so desperate to get a candidate to go there)
DO's that enter the NRMP can pre-match but once you sign a contract you HAVE to withdraw your NRMP application and withdraw from the match.
You can ask around and get a good idea of which programs will/might offer pre-match contracts. You can also usually get a good idea from asking other residents at the program (FMGs, DOs or off-shore grads).