Psychiatry wasn't this competitive up until these past two years in particular. I was hearing about this, but I did not believe it until going through this cycle myself. One of the programs I got an interview at had somewhere around 4-6 spots, and apparently 20+ students from their own institution applied to psychiatry, with a majority wanting to stay local. The PD said she never saw that many applicants for psychiatry before from their institution (usually it was around 5). These were MD students, also, with very strong scores. One of them had a Step 1 of 260+ (absolutely amazing). I think my problems, in addition to low academic performance, was lacking any research experience or any good extracurriculars, coupled with not applying broader than what I did. My third and fourth years were really good, and I had excellent evaluations from all my preceptors.
The only two interviews I got were through family connections (my parents are both physicians and were able to swing them). I think coming across poorly as a person would certainly be a possibility, but I didn't receive any interviews other than those two and they are all afforded to applicants using only what's on paper. I failed one class and remediated, and had borderline passing Level 1 board score. All this being said, it may very well be personality-related - but trying to be as unbiased as possible, I genuinely don't believe that's the issue. My first draft for my personal statement did have this tone of almost arrogance (which I didn't intend). Thankfully, I was able to rewrite it in the proper tone. After two revisions, I felt confident about it. When I reached out to the program I really wanted to match into (one of the two where I received interviews because my family members are physicians there), one of the program heads asked me to send it to her, along with my CV. She said my PS was perfect and was exactly what they were looking for.
I wish I did have something more concrete that I could point to and say "Aha, that's where I went wrong." Then perhaps I could correct it more easily.
I am a US applicant and I applied at that earliest possible time. I also have been scratching my head for the past several months, thinking certainly something must be terribly wrong with my application. But I asked my school about this, and they reviewed my application and said there was nothing they could see. They only told me that psychiatry has become quite competitive, so they believe my low boards was a factor, plus not taking USMLE and only taking COMLEX. I am not of American heritage, and the reason I mention this is because my last name is not very commonly heard, and coincidently, my psychiatry preceptor where I did my third year had the same last name. I have even suspected that programs may have thought this letter came from a family member and not an unrelated preceptor who just so happens to share my last name. That's how far I've gone to wonder what's wrong. I am sure something is wrong, but I haven't been able to find it.
Had I received more interviews and then came off with a poor disposition, I would be more inclined to suspect it's how I came off as a person. But you can essentially say I got 0 interviews because the only two I got were through my family connections.
Another thing I thought of was while I got some interview calls during the SOAP, one asked about my LoRs. He said based on the LoRs he didn't know what I wanted to do, because one was from Ob/Gyn, one from FM, one from IM, and one from psych. I got my letters from preceptors from the required rotations we had to take during third year and wanted to show my well-roundedness. By the time I had to apply, I had only finished my required rotations and wasn't even able to do electives, so I had to get letters from doctors who I rotated with. Since I waived my right to see the letters, I am unsure if they were poorly directed regarding my professional interest. I did tell them I wanted to do psychiatry, and I suspect they know how to write letters as they had been doing so for a long time. I am otherwise at a loss of understanding.