Springfield, MA

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yep. I’m looking right now. Academics as a business model is in serious trouble.

Unfortunately, when they collapse, they will be the ones to bring midlevels into radiology.
That’s a valid concern, truly a terrible future if they do try to do that. Imagine an RN with a “specialty” cert in “imaging”
 
If what you say is true, then you’re absolutely underpaid for what you’re doing in academics. I’d advise looking for a new job where you’ll be fairly compensated for your work. There are ample opportunities available to do so if you feel the compensation is unfair.
New non-academics job is already lined up.

For junior faculty - Many academic places are private practice workload (or more!), and little-to-no academic aspect, with the privilege of having the daily stress of trainees and overconfident MLPs. And for this high honor, they pay you much less than non-academic jobs.

Even my very senior colleagues, near/past retirement age, have shared how much the job has changed in the past 10 years. We are just cogs in a machine.
 
I personally think the trend towards hospital employment is long term disastrous for our field. Our salaries will then be completely dependent on supply/demand.
There is a coming oversupply of midlevel anesthesia providers. As the shortage reverses itself, I full expect hospitals to decrease pay as much they can get away with it. Hospital administrators are completely ruthless to protecting their bottom lines. Look at the Texas Childrens lay offs-CVICU RNs with 20 years experience were let go because they were at the top of the pay scale and can be replaced with cheaper (or foreign) nurses.
 
I personally think the trend towards hospital employment is long term disastrous for our field. Our salaries will then be completely dependent on supply/demand.
There is a coming oversupply of midlevel anesthesia providers. As the shortage reverses itself, I full expect hospitals to decrease pay as much they can get away with it. Hospital administrators are completely ruthless to protecting their bottom lines. Look at the Texas Childrens lay offs-CVICU RNs with 20 years experience were let go because they were at the top of the pay scale and can be replaced with cheaper (or foreign) nurses.
This assumes that all mid level anesthesia providers desire independence and full spectrum of cases. This is not true, and has not been true. Just ask the crnas if they want zero backup and in room all day.
 
I personally think the trend towards hospital employment is long term disastrous for our field. Our salaries will then be completely dependent on supply/demand.
There is a coming oversupply of midlevel anesthesia providers. As the shortage reverses itself, I full expect hospitals to decrease pay as much they can get away with it. Hospital administrators are completely ruthless to protecting their bottom lines. Look at the Texas Childrens lay offs-CVICU RNs with 20 years experience were let go because they were at the top of the pay scale and can be replaced with cheaper (or foreign) nurses.

I think you are right. The thing that has helped us is that CRNAs are not exactly cheap. The rise in CRNA compensation was probably a direct driver in the rise of anesthesiologist compensation. However, laws of supply and demand being what they are are bound to catch up to us at some point. The same can be said of most medical specialties as professional reimbursement has declined across the board. Very few specialists will be able to remain independent of the mega hospital systems.

Luckily we have an aging baby boomer generation that developed a lot of bad habits and were at the forefront of our industrial food revolution to keep laws of supply and demand in our favor for a little while longer.
 
This assumes that all mid level anesthesia providers desire independence and full spectrum of cases. This is not true, and has not been true. Just ask the crnas if they want zero backup and in room all day.
The current shortage is driven by lack of CRNA/AAs which will fix itself in a few years.
 
The current shortage is driven by lack of CRNA/AAs which will fix itself in a few years.
Do you think doctors will tolerate supervising higher ratios and not scale back/quit? Hasn’t held true in most practices. Certainly won’t help much at academic centers where no one will work if they are forced into 4:1 much less higher than that.

I’d like to look at the source on CRNA/AA shortage resolution too. I don’t see any evidence of shortages getting better the last few years, especially with the demand explosion that’s occurring everywhere
 
IMO, the labor markets for CRNAs and anesthesiologists should be thought of as overlapping, yet separate markets. While it is true that many anesthesiologists practice solo, the majority are supervising CRNAs or residents. On the flip side, some CRNAs practice independently, but the majority are supervised by an anesthesiologist. In other words, the job of an anesthesiologist (who is supervising) is completely different than that of a CRNA and has a different labor market.

Currently, there is a shortage in both labor markets that is causing the salaries of both CRNAs and anesthesiologists to rise despite decreasing reimbursements due to the value of performing surgery (i.e. the facility fee) which cannot be done without anesthesia. Therefore, it behooves both anesthesiologists and CRNAs to maintain that status quo of a supervision model; if there was a unilateral decision to allow all CRNAs to practice independently, then the anesthesia job market would become one large labor market with a vast oversupply of anesthesia providers and salaries would plummet.

My point is that it makes no financial sense for CRNAs to desire independence. This is completely separate from the point that, imo, they are not nearly properly trained enough to become an independent fully functioning provider of anesthesia.

It will be interesting to see what happens as the supply of CRNAs increases (which is indeed happening right now as many new schools open). It will be a lot harder to increase the supply of anesthesiologists for obvious reasons. And we all know the demand of our services will continue to rise at a steady clip. I think the the future is bright for anesthesiologists.
 
Hospital employment can’t be worse than amcs and predatory private practice groups - I’ve been all three and I still think hospital employment is the lesser of all evils.
 
Or until everyone is hospital employed and they collectively collude to drive down salaries.

We probably need a union. Hate even saying that out loud.

Make the money while you can.
It’s the dirty answer but it’s the correct answer. It’s no different from professional athletes who make big salaries but are otherwise “service workers”
 
It’s the dirty answer but it’s the correct answer. It’s no different from professional athletes who make big salaries but are otherwise “service workers”
I tend to disagree on unions for high skill workers. It drags down the averages and prevents anyone from standing out as more competent to demand higher rates or better practice conditions. I don’t want to be protecting the bottom feeders

It works in pro sports because the bottom tier guys are just happy to be there and they know that the big guys drive the train. For us the spread is less so we aren’t protected by the top talent demanding more from ownership like in the nfl/nba/mlb.

I’d never join a union, and most individuals can do better than they can as groups. Locums vs any other model, for bigger workload levels, locums always wins in compensation.
 
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I tend to disagree on unions for high skill workers. It drags down the averages and prevents anyone from standing out as more competent to demand higher rates or better practice conditions. I don’t want to be protecting the bottom feeders

It works in pro sports because the bottom tier guys are just happy to be there and they know that the big guys drive the train. For us the spread is less so we aren’t protected by the top talent demanding more from ownership like in the nfl/nba/mlb.

I’d never join a union, and most individuals can do better than way than they can as
groups. Locums vs any other model, for bigger workload levels, locums always wins in compensation.
Your last paragraph is interesting because that’s the very question I was asking in another thread about the advantages of being 1099. Given the perceived advantages it’s interesting that the majority of us aren’t ICs. I do agree with you that unions have pros and cons
 
I tend to disagree on unions for high skill workers. It drags down the averages and prevents anyone from standing out as more competent to demand higher rates or better practice conditions. I don’t want to be protecting the bottom feeders

It works in pro sports because the bottom tier guys are just happy to be there and they know that the big guys drive the train. For us the spread is less so we aren’t protected by the top talent demanding more from ownership like in the nfl/nba/mlb.

I’d never join a union, and most individuals can do better than they can as groups. Locums vs any other model, for bigger workload levels, locums always wins in compensation.

I’ve been in a couple ****ty jobs and you are almost always better approaching leadership as a group when asking for more money or better working conditions. Go at it alone and you get laughed at as a complainer. No employer is going to pay one person more than others no matter how good you think you are. One person leaving a job is no big deal, a couple people leaving and the anesthesia death spiral is a real phenomenon.

Get over yourself with your thoughts on how good you are compared to others. Anesthesia is an easy field and no one notices you unless you are truly bad.
 
I’ve been in a couple ****ty jobs and you are almost always better approaching leadership as a group when asking for more money or better working conditions. Go at it alone and you get laughed at as a complainer. No employer is going to pay one person more than others no matter how good you think you are. One person leaving a job is no big deal, a couple people leaving and the anesthesia death spiral is a real phenomenon.

Get over yourself with your thoughts on how good you are compared to others. Anesthesia is an easy field and no one notices you unless you are truly bad.
Individual locums providers make far more than any partner physicians on an hourly basis. Whatever group benefit people get doesn’t appear to help them out earn the locums folks.

Count yourself lucky that you don’t deal with the real underachievers in our field like I have. It’s extremely noticeable and more common than you think.
 
Individual locums providers make far more than any partner physicians on an hourly basis. Whatever group benefit people get doesn’t appear to help them out earn the locums folks.

Count yourself lucky that you don’t deal with the real underachievers in our field like I have. It’s extremely noticeable and more common than you think.

Locums doesn’t unionize. Employees do. You are talking about 2 different things. Locums pay is directly proportional to supply and demand…not skill. I have seen plenty of losers in anesthesia…mainly in the older generations.
 
Locums doesn’t unionize. Employees do. You are talking about 2 different things. Locums pay is directly proportional to supply and demand…not skill. I have seen plenty of losers in anesthesia…mainly in the older generations.
Unions in this case would only exist to protect the losers in these groups of workers. There is no difference in negotiating power compared to a regular anesthesia group in an individual hospital or hospital system.

Regardless, a union won’t do anything when the option the hospital has is the get rid of the group and pay locums scabs to ride out the shortage. They can and will eat the cost every single time rather than negotiate in good faith.

Any multi specialty union would be impossible given the different specialty demands, and would only serve to make it difficult to fire the problem children.

The only reason unions work in some sectors is that they’re massive. We can’t shut down a 20 billion dollar company with tangible assets and factories like a steel union can. It’s super easy to replace small specialty groups of physicians. It’s expensive, but easily achieved if you have the money. Much harder to find 200-500 trained plant workers to work 24/7 in a car factory than 30 physicians to staff ORs from 7-3 on weekdays.
 
Individual locums providers make far more than any partner physicians on an hourly basis. Whatever group benefit people get doesn’t appear to help them out earn the locums folks.

Count yourself lucky that you don’t deal with the real underachievers in our field like I have. It’s extremely noticeable and more common than you think.
Recency bias.

Those underachievers used to be heavily overrepresented in the locums arena.

It wasn't that long ago that locums anesthesiologists were mostly low quality guys who couldn't hold a regular job. It's different now - given the opportunities to make a lot of money, we've seen quality people choose to trade the hassles of locums road life for the income premium.

We used to have threads advising new grads not to do locums because of the stink they'd acquire, deserved or not.
 
This is my group. As salaries increased and revenue stayed flat our stipend approached 50% of total revenue. The hospital has a 75% government payor mix so our revenue stream was highly stipend dependent. This combined with a new CEO taking over that wants to eliminate contracted group drove the nail in our 58 year old practice. We felt it was better to negotiate while the market was hot than to wait until it turned. In my opinion we got a fair deal for the area but we will see how it turns out in the next few years. Springfield is a very hard place to recruit to and the hospital has no idea how to run a group so this still has a decent chance of falling apart similar to Memphis, Portland, etc.
 
This is my group. As salaries increased and revenue stayed flat our stipend approached 50% of total revenue. The hospital has a 75% government payor mix so our revenue stream was highly stipend dependent. This combined with a new CEO taking over that wants to eliminate contracted group drove the nail in our 58 year old practice. We felt it was better to negotiate while the market was hot than to wait until it turned. In my opinion we got a fair deal for the area but we will see how it turns out in the next few years. Springfield is a very hard place to recruit to and the hospital has no idea how to run a group so this still has a decent chance of falling apart similar to Memphis, Portland, etc.
Was there a lump sum/buy out for partners to stay on? How many years? The original group is dissolved so there were no noncompetes or contracts to buy, right? Is new salary comparable to what partners were making? Hours less or more? Are there any terms in your new contract to prevent abuse of your hours if you begin hemorrhaging staff and want to leave yourself, but are committed due to buy out money? Thanks..
 
Unions in this case would only exist to protect the losers in these groups of workers. There is no difference in negotiating power compared to a regular anesthesia group in an individual hospital or hospital system.

Regardless, a union won’t do anything when the option the hospital has is the get rid of the group and pay locums scabs to ride out the shortage. They can and will eat the cost every single time rather than negotiate in good faith.

Any multi specialty union would be impossible given the different specialty demands, and would only serve to make it difficult to fire the problem children.

The only reason unions work in some sectors is that they’re massive. We can’t shut down a 20 billion dollar company with tangible assets and factories like a steel union can. It’s super easy to replace small specialty groups of physicians. It’s expensive, but easily achieved if you have the money. Much harder to find 200-500 trained plant workers to work 24/7 in a car factory than 30 physicians to staff ORs from 7-3 on weekdays.

Ok, next time you are in an employed position, try going to ask for a raise alone. Tell them you think you are the best and let’s see how far you get. Try not to be too insulted when they laugh as you walk out.
 
Ok, next time you are in an employed position, try going to ask for a raise alone. Tell them you think you are the best and let’s see how far you get. Try not to be too insulted when they laugh as you walk out.
You seem insulted and angry. I apologize if I have offended you.
 
Pilots have an amazing quality of life due their awesome unions. Without the union their pay and quality of life would suffer dramatically. Union dues are minimal for the benefit they gain. Being a pilot for a major airline right now is the best gig out there by far- for hours worked and income per hour and benefits… it’s the best. They have the union to thank for that
 
Was there a lump sum/buy out for partners to stay on? How many years? The original group is dissolved so there were no noncompetes or contracts to buy, right? Is new salary comparable to what partners were making? Hours less or more? Are there any terms in your new contract to prevent abuse of your hours if you begin hemorrhaging staff and want to leave yourself, but are committed due to buy out money? Thanks..
No buy out. Those days are long gone. The hospital as a non profit was up against fair market valuations with our salaries so we made some compromises. The partners will make a little less, the employees a little more. The partners will get an increase in baseline vacation by another week. My salary in 2025 won’t be as much as 2024 but it is what it is.

The hospital didn’t know that we were likely to not able to fulfill our obligations next year so we felt like this was the time to get out.
Our private group paid overtime, vacation buyback and for extra weekends. All those rates went up significantly. I was one of the three people that ran the group and was in charge of recruiting. My life has already dramatically changed for the better. Let them handle the chaos of recruiting, reimbursement and other nonsense of running a group. I will come to work and go home. Make my money and put it away. It was the right choice for our group but still very sad.
 
No buy out. Those days are long gone. The hospital as a non profit was up against fair market valuations with our salaries so we made some compromises. The partners will make a little less, the employees a little more. The partners will get an increase in baseline vacation by another week. My salary in 2025 won’t be as much as 2024 but it is what it is.

The hospital didn’t know that we were likely to not able to fulfill our obligations next year so we felt like this was the time to get out.
Our private group paid overtime, vacation buyback and for extra weekends. All those rates went up significantly. I was one of the three people that ran the group and was in charge of recruiting. My life has already dramatically changed for the better. Let them handle the chaos of recruiting, reimbursement and other nonsense of running a group. I will come to work and go home. Make my money and put it away. It was the right choice for our group but still very sad.

Why is there a difference between “partners” and “employees” now? What is the rationale for that? Does the hospital pay the group a lump and then the group divides up the money? If I was an employee, I would leave under that circumstance and then offer my services as a per diem hourly worker.
 
Hospital employment can’t be worse than amcs and predatory private practice groups - I’ve been all three and I still think hospital employment is the lesser of all evils.


What about non-predatory PP groups? They used to be rare but seem to be more common now with the changing labor market.
 
What about non-predatory PP groups? They used to be rare but seem to be more common now with the changing labor market.
Sevos in Reno is the only one I know. Every other pp group I talked to or heard about had 2-3 year partnership tracks at a significantly reduced income.
 
Sevos in Reno is the only one I know. Every other pp group I talked to or heard about had 2-3 year partnership tracks at a significantly reduced income.
There are at least two in Virginia (maybe only two). Ours, and last I looked Roanoke, are private groups with 1 year tracks and roughly financial parity from day one.

Definitely fewer and fewer out there now.

We are, like everyone else, recruiting. 🙂
 
There are at least two in Virginia (maybe only two). Ours, and last I looked Roanoke, are private groups with 1 year tracks and roughly financial parity from day one.

Definitely fewer and fewer out there now.

We are, like everyone else, recruiting. 🙂


Several groups in Northern California, Southern California, and Central Valley too. Equal call, pick your room according to position on call list, eat what you kill with blended units.
 
This is my group. As salaries increased and revenue stayed flat our stipend approached 50% of total revenue. The hospital has a 75% government payor mix so our revenue stream was highly stipend dependent. This combined with a new CEO taking over that wants to eliminate contracted group drove the nail in our 58 year old practice. We felt it was better to negotiate while the market was hot than to wait until it turned. In my opinion we got a fair deal for the area but we will see how it turns out in the next few years. Springfield is a very hard place to recruit to and the hospital has no idea how to run a group so this still has a decent chance of falling apart similar to Memphis, Portland, etc.
I wonder how much they playing the NYC / Boston post covid escapees from the city gamble. It’s quite the gamble but while seems some of these place may be hard to recruit on the surface, some younger folks or even midlife folks (raises hand) are starting kick the tires on that smaller town quasi rural-ish life.
 
I wonder how much they playing the NYC / Boston post covid escapees from the city gamble. It’s quite the gamble but while seems some of these place may be hard to recruit on the surface, some younger folks or even midlife folks (raises hand) are starting kick the tires on that smaller town quasi rural-ish life.
Sure, but why not live in a better state than Massachusetts? Can get all that stuff in South Carolina, Utah or Georgia right?

Rural, but high tax area defeats the purpose doesn’t it?
 
Sure, but why not live in a better state than Massachusetts? Can get all that stuff in South Carolina, Utah or Georgia right?

Rural, but high tax area defeats the purpose doesn’t it?
We all have our preferences. I quite enjoy New England and for many reasons in spite of the tax bill would choose to live in that area of the country than those you listed, but to each their own.
 
I wonder how much they playing the NYC / Boston post covid escapees from the city gamble. It’s quite the gamble but while seems some of these place may be hard to recruit on the surface, some younger folks or even midlife folks (raises hand) are starting kick the tires on that smaller town quasi rural-ish life.
We have tried but with minimal success. We do have some escapees from the concrete jungle paying less for their 5000sq ft home than they would for a 1000 sq foot apartment but we are just far enough away it’s not as tempting as you would think.

Someone was asking about the pay and followed it up with why would the non partners get paid less. Some of it was just basic retention and then also an experienced physician can typically demand more than a new grad. Pretty much everyone will be earning $600-700k with decent to good benefits. 9-10 weeks off. Relative to what is being paid in the area I feel this is a fair deal. It won’t touch what aneft is making but is good for the region. Current work hours are around 45 a week plus about one weekend per month. Less with seniority.
 
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I wonder how much they playing the NYC / Boston post covid escapees from the city gamble. It’s quite the gamble but while seems some of these place may be hard to recruit on the surface, some younger folks or even midlife folks (raises hand) are starting kick the tires on that smaller town quasi rural-ish life.
Midlife doc here who just left the big city grind for Florence Sc. Is that rural? Quasi rural? I’m not sure.
So far we love it. We bought a pretty house on the golf course country club for way less than our house in dallas. Both neighbors have come by to bring us home cooked brisket and fixings (enough to feed ten people) or gift certificates to the little cafe/coffee shop a couple blocks away or a plant. Everyone has been friendly and welcoming… it’s a very nice place so far. While I haven’t started the job yet (yall know I’ll tell you just what I think ;-) so far the town is adorable and the people are friendly. I may have been a southerner in a former life because I’m obsessed with shrimp and grits…. Yum. Nothing takes more than ten minutes, no traffic, parking never an issue.. it’s very very peaceful and the people are remarkably friendly….

If I can offer some advice - seriously consider leaving the rat races of the cities and if it’ll work for you and yours - we are pleasantly surprised - here at least is one vote for the road less traveled 🙂
 
Sure, but why not live in a better state than Massachusetts? Can get all that stuff in South Carolina, Utah or Georgia right?

Rural, but high tax area defeats the purpose doesn’t it?
MA taxes aren’t as bad as many other NE states. The bigger problem is just that cost of living is so much higher which may or not be due to tax.

Eg. Georgia has a higher personal income tax than MA.
 
Massachusetts has a lower income tax than South Carolina. California is about double the effective income tax rate vs Massachusetts. High property taxes can help moderate housing prices because hoarding housing is less appealing as a strategy.
 
Sure, but why not live in a better state than Massachusetts? Can get all that stuff in South Carolina, Utah or Georgia right?

Rural, but high tax area defeats the purpose doesn’t it?
There are many rural areas in just about every state. Taxes are only one consideration.

The "better" state is in the eye of the beholder. In particular, people who are minorities can expect a different level of welcome depending on the locale. Quality of schools and other services are highly variable, and depending on one's stage in life those can matter a lot or not at all. The political leaning of a state can matter too (which I suspect is most of your reason for ranking Massachusetts low).
 
There are many rural areas in just about every state. Taxes are only one consideration.

The "better" state is in the eye of the beholder. In particular, people who are minorities can expect a different level of welcome depending on the locale. Quality of schools and other services are highly variable, and depending on one's stage in life those can matter a lot or not at all. The political leaning of a state can matter too (which I suspect is most of your reason for ranking Massachusetts low).
Most of it is that outside of coastal northeastern areas, the cold weather is horrendous in the winter. Far worse winters in interior mass and upstate new York than in the coastal areas, and fewer of the benefits of the higher tax and cost of living in those rural places.

The trains aren’t exactly robust in Harrisburg PA versus Philadelphia
 
Most of it is that outside of coastal northeastern areas, the cold weather is horrendous in the winter. Far worse winters in interior mass and upstate new York than in the coastal areas, and fewer of the benefits of the higher tax and cost of living in those rural places.

The trains aren’t exactly robust in Harrisburg PA versus Philadelphia
Fair enough, totally agree about the weather. I'm in Virginia and the few inches of snow we get per year are on the edge of what I can tolerate.

#1 thing I miss about southern California.
 
There are many rural areas in just about every state. Taxes are only one consideration.

The "better" state is in the eye of the beholder. In particular, people who are minorities can expect a different level of welcome depending on the locale. Quality of schools and other services are highly variable, and depending on one's stage in life those can matter a lot or not at all. The political leaning of a state can matter too (which I suspect is most of your reason for ranking Massachusetts low).
Exactly.

There’s an interesting opportunity in central PA but there are an assortment of factors that I in particular have to consider for myself and my family because just uprooting to central PA and I’d have to sell the heck out of it to my Mrs and she probably still wouldn’t go for it
 
Exactly.

There’s an interesting opportunity in central PA but there are an assortment of factors that I in particular have to consider for myself and my family because just uprooting to central PA and I’d have to sell the heck out of it to my Mrs and she probably still wouldn’t go for it
Pennsylvania is Philadelphia in the east, Pittsburgh in the west, and Alabama in the middle. aka Pennsyltucky.
 
Pennsylvania is Philadelphia in the east, Pittsburgh in the west, and Alabama in the middle. aka Pennsyltucky.
I hear you. I’d like it to be more like The Office but I’m sure it’s more like Sons of Anarchy 😆
 
Exactly.

There’s an interesting opportunity in central PA but there are an assortment of factors that I in particular have to consider for myself and my family because just uprooting to central PA and I’d have to sell the heck out of it to my Mrs and she probably still wouldn’t go for it
Only thing I really have heard about PA is that it's a pretty hostile place to practice medicine from a malpractice standpoint. (Based on hearsay and some studies showing the worst states to practice in for malpractice purposes) For example, living and working in small-town rural hospital, patient wants to sue for whatever reason (justified or not), case gets tried in Philadelphia (instead of in that rural area) where the juries are more likely to give a massive judgement to the patient.

Have a GI doc I work with who lives in PA and flies to Indiana to practice a week at a time specifically because of these sorts of things.

 
Only thing I really have heard about PA is that it's a pretty hostile place to practice medicine from a malpractice standpoint. (Based on hearsay and some studies showing the worst states to practice in for malpractice purposes) For example, living and working in small-town rural hospital, patient wants to sue for whatever reason (justified or not), case gets tried in Philadelphia (instead of in that rural area) where the juries are more likely to give a massive judgement to the patient.

Have a GI doc I work with who lives in PA and flies to Indiana to practice a week at a time specifically because of these sorts of things.

Pennsylvania malpractice: Philadelphia and everywhere else.
 
Only thing I really have heard about PA is that it's a pretty hostile place to practice medicine from a malpractice standpoint. (Based on hearsay and some studies showing the worst states to practice in for malpractice purposes) For example, living and working in small-town rural hospital, patient wants to sue for whatever reason (justified or not), case gets tried in Philadelphia (instead of in that rural area) where the juries are more likely to give a massive judgement to the patient.

Have a GI doc I work with who lives in PA and flies to Indiana to practice a week at a time specifically because of these sorts of things.

Wow.
 
People who make ****ty graphs should be publicly flogged. Presenting data per state instead of per capita is dumb.

California has 2x the population of NY and 20x the population of New Mexico.

Ohio has 12M people and $800M in payments, California has 40M people and $2400M in payments, while New Mexico has 2M people and $320M in payments. The risk is obviously a lot higher in New Mexico but the graph doesn't suggest that.

I'll add this web page to the list of reasons to hate lawyers. 🙂
 
People who make ****ty graphs should be publicly flogged. Presenting data per state instead of per capita is dumb.

California has 2x the population of NY and 20x the population of New Mexico.

Ohio has 12M people and $800M in payments, California has 40M people and $2400M in payments, while New Mexico has 2M people and $320M in payments. The risk is obviously a lot higher in New Mexico but the graph doesn't suggest that.

I'll add this web page to the list of reasons to hate lawyers. 🙂
Lol 100% fair criticism that crossed my mind when I was looking at the article. I was on the run just looking for something that showed the numbers I was talking about.
 
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Most of it is that outside of coastal northeastern areas, the cold weather is horrendous in the winter. Far worse winters in interior mass and upstate new York than in the coastal areas, and fewer of the benefits of the higher tax and cost of living in those rural places.

The trains aren’t exactly robust in Harrisburg PA versus Philadelphia

The cold weather is definitely not for sissies.
 
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