The Question Thread

[0T6]

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True, sperm production occurs optimally at 35-36 I think, so tighty whities keep the fellas a bit too close to the boilerroom for them to do their thing!

Umm.. how does Gleevec work, in relation to the Philadelphia chromosome.

 

[RefractoryMD]

Gleevec blocks active site of ABL protein blocking ATP, yo.

What condition most likely causes an equalization of the systolic and diastolic pressures? (trauma induced)

 

[UCLAstudent]

Gleevec blocks the ATP-binding site of the BCR-abl fusion protein to inhibit its kinase activity.

What kind of compensation is expected with metabolic acidosis?

 

[RefractoryMD]

my reply beat yours by two minutes! I should be allowed to go first! Although you did answer better than me.

 

[HamOnWholeWheat]

Gleevec blocks active site of ABL protein blocking ATP, yo.

What condition most likely causes an equalization of the systolic and diastolic pressures? (trauma induced)

A: Pericardial tamponade

Q: What's the funniest contrindication of Nitroprusside use.

 

[0T6]

Viagra?

What are the three components of Virchow's triad (VTE)?

 

[mjl1717]

Viagra?

What are the three components of Virchow's triad (VTE)?

1)truama to endothelium 2)stasis 3)hypercoagubility

What is the drug of choice in PSVT??

 

[trudub]

1)truama to endothelium 2)stasis 3)hypercoagubility

What is the drug of choice in PSVT??

Adenosine is the drug of choice is PSVT.

Q: What causes the formation of xanthomas?

 

[mjl1717]

Adenosine is the drug of choice is PSVT.

Q: What causes the formation of xanthomas?

I thought Diltiazem was the drug of choice..
(cholesterol)
Whats the drug of choice for recurrent ventricular tachycardia??

 

[rockdoc]

I thought Diltiazem was the drug of choice..
(cholesterol)
Whats the drug of choice for recurrent ventricular tachycardia??

I would think it's Lidocaine (if I'm wrong, please ignore my question).

What is a horseshoe kidney and what are its consequences?

 

[mules05]

I would think it's Lidocaine (if I'm wrong, please ignore my question).

What is a horseshoe kidney and what are its consequences?

The two kidneys are fused and sort of look like a horseshoe. When they ascend during development they get stuck on the IMA and don't make it all they way to where they're supposed to be going, but from what I remember it's asymptomatic.

What structure arises from the dorsal mesocardium, and why does anyone care about this structure?

 

[lilmo]

The two kidneys are fused and sort of look like a horseshoe. When they ascend during development they get stuck on the IMA and don't make it all they way to where they're supposed to be going, but from what I remember it's asymptomatic.

What structure arises from the dorsal mesocardium, and why does anyone care about this structure?

xverse pericardial sinus: used by cardiac surgeons during coronary artery bypass surgery (posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk)

i absolutely hated heart embryo last year.

anyways, here's an easy one: most common cyanotic congenital heart disease.

 

[Vanime]

xverse pericardial sinus: used by cardiac surgeons during coronary artery bypass surgery (posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk)

i absolutely hated heart embryo last year.

anyways, here's an easy one: most common cyanotic congenital heart disease.

Tetralogy of Fallot

What is a consequence of most diuretics that may lead to cardiac arrhythmias?

 

[felipe5]

Tetralogy of Fallot

What is a consequence of most diuretics that may lead to cardiac arrhythmias?

potassium loss-->hypokalemia

diseases associated with c-ANCA???

 

[trudub]

potassium loss-->hypokalemia

diseases associated with c-ANCA???

Wegener's Granulomatosis is associated with c-ANCA.

Q: What are the three most common etiologies/risk factors for heart failure?

 

[lilmo]

Wegener's Granulomatosis is associated with c-ANCA.

Q: What are the three most common etiologies/risk factors for heart failure?

Not sure if these are the most common, but here's what i got:
-ischemic heart disease
-hyptertension
-valvular disease

Boerhaave's syndrome, who gets it? what is it?

 

[Vanime]

The two kidneys are fused and sort of look like a horseshoe. When they ascend during development they get stuck on the IMA and don't make it all they way to where they're supposed to be going, but from what I remember it's asymptomatic.

I think a horseshoe kidney can cause ureteral and vascular obstruction...

 

[trudub]

Not sure if these are the most common, but here's what i got:
-ischemic heart disease
-hyptertension
-valvular disease

Boerhaave's syndrome, who gets it? what is it?

The three most common causes are CAD (ischemic heart disease), hypertension, and then diabetes mellitus though valvular disease is also fairly common.

Boerhaave's syndrome is rupture of the esophagus when the esophagus has no previous disease. This tends to happen after excessive alcohol intake due to its effect on cricopharyngeal muscle relaxation.

Q: What is the most common tumor that produces ectopic ADH/AVP?

 

[fantasty]

The three most common causes are CAD (ischemic heart disease), hypertension, and then diabetes mellitus though valvular disease is also fairly common.

Boerhaave's syndrome is rupture of the esophagus when the esophagus has no previous disease. This tends to happen after excessive alcohol intake due to its effect on cricopharyngeal muscle relaxation.

Q: What is the most common tumor that produces ectopic ADH/AVP?

Small cell lung cancer


What is sonic hedgehog (and its clinical relevance)?

 

[felipe5]

Sonic the hedgehog is a video game character popularized in the early 90's by Sega Video games. Excessive video game playing can lead to headaches, vision disturbances, nuchal myalgia, loss of sleep, poor nutrition, and worse of all, having your girlfriend get pissed at you for ignoring her : ) There has been recent evidence that chronic video games playing can lead to the development of augmented hand-eye coordination which can be useful for some careers (medical example: surgery)

Oh and I've also heard its a gene that was discovered in drosophila that deals with segmentation. With humans, its involved with the development of limbs and midline structures like the brain and spinal chord....mutations in shh can lead to holoprosencephaly


What is carcinoid syndrome and how can it affect the heart?

 

[twinklz]

Carcinoid syndrome is due to a neuroendocrine tumor that secretes serotonin. They are most frequently found in the appendix of all places. This is particularly problematic if there are liver metastases as this hormone is shuttled immediately into the systemic circulation via the hepatic vein. In the heart, it causes right sided valvular disease, and in fact, the leading cause of death in patients with carcinoid syndrome is due to cardiac disease. Oh, and in the bowel, it can cause malabsorption.

If your patient had Bence-Jones proteins in his urine, what would he have?

 

[lilmo]

Carcinoid syndrome is due to a neuroendocrine tumor that secretes serotonin. They are most frequently found in the appendix of all places. This is particularly problematic if there are liver metastases as this hormone is shuttled immediately into the systemic circulation via the hepatic vein. In the heart, it causes right sided valvular disease, and in fact, the leading cause of death in patients with carcinoid syndrome is due to cardiac disease. Oh, and in the bowel, it can cause malabsorption.

If your patient had Bence-Jones proteins in his urine, what would he have?

multiple myeloma. in clinical skills i had to tell a patient they had "multiple myeloma." that sucked.


anyways, most common type of bladder cancer in egypt........

 

[MNgrrl]

multiple myeloma. in clinical skills i had to tell a patient they had "multiple myeloma." that sucked.


anyways, most common type of bladder cancer in egypt........

Schistosomiasis - yuck!

How does Parvovirus B19 (Fifth's Disease) cause fetal death?

 

[trudub]

Schistosomiasis - yuck!

How does Parvovirus B19 (Fifth's Disease) cause fetal death?

It can cause spontaneous abortion but it can also cause non-immune hydrops fetalis which can result in fetal death.

Q: What is Kallman's syndrome and what two seemingly unlinked clinical manifestations do you see and how how are they linked?

 

[fantasty]

It can cause spontaneous abortion but it can also cause non-immune hydrops fetalis which can result in fetal death.

Q: What is Kallman's syndrome and what two seemingly unlinked clinical manifestations do you see and how how are they linked?

Never heard of that before (or long since forgot about it). Interesting. Kallman's syndrome's clinical features are anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The x-linked form is a single gene defect (KAL) which causes a protein defect, resulting in the inability of 2 sets of cells to migrate where they need to be during embryogenesis (GnRH-producing neurons do not arrive at the hypothalamus and the olfactory nerves do not make it to the olfactory bulbs).
Diagnosed by MRI (lack of olfactory bulbs) and low gonadotropin levels.
Treated with pulsitile GnRH therapy to restore gonad function.



How does Molluscum present, and how is it treated?

 

[lilmo]

I think Molloscum is in the pox family of viruses. Molloscum presents on the skin like a wart w/ an umbilicated center. Molloscum is self-limited and generally heals on its own, but you can freeze it off with liquid nitrogen, cut it out, or use a variety of topical applications.

Alright, #1 cause of seizures in S. America.........

(and Felipe5---you can't answer this one!)

 

[0T6]

LOL is it heroin? Mj causes it too but I'm leaning to the opium.

What are the three major myeloproliferative disorders and why might you get a dry tap in a BMA at the end-stage of these diseases?

 

[felipe5]

LOL is it heroin? Mj causes it too but I'm leaning to the opium.

Heroin? Marijuana? dude, thats definitley not the cause of the seizures...think more along the lines of worms

maybe if she woulda asked 'whats the major cause of seizures in rock and roll musicians in the 80's" you could think heroin🙄........

i void your question and restate lilmo's

Alright, #1 cause of seizures in S. America.........

(and Felipe5---you can't answer this one!)

 

[mules05]

Heroin? Marijuana? dude, thats definitley not the cause of the seizures...think more along the lines of worms

maybe if she woulda asked 'whats the major cause of seizures in rock and roll musicians in the 80's" you could think heroin🙄........

i void your question and restate lilmo's

From what I've seen it varies with age: febrile seizure is most common in children, epilepsy in adults, and cerebrovascular disease in adults over 60. Although I know diabetic hypogylcemia can cause seizures too, so knowing the US population, I wouldn't be surprised if that was the answer you were going for.

(and apparently neonates can have a seizure from holding their breath too long. Smart, kid.)

Why is hereditary nephritis often less severe in affected females than in affected males?


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[felipe5]

From what I've seen it varies with age: febrile seizure is most common in children, epilepsy in adults, and cerebrovascular disease in adults over 60. Although I know diabetic hypogylcemia can cause seizures too, so knowing the US population, I wouldn't be surprised if that was the answer you were going for.

(and apparently neonates can have a seizure from holding their breath too long. Smart, kid.)

Why is hereditary nephritis often less severe in affected females than in affected males?


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http://ipods.freepay.com/?r=21779090

actually i think neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of epilepsy in the developing world

http://www.djo.harvard.edu/site.php?url=/physicians/kr/472&page=KR_AN

 

[mules05]

actually i think neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of epilepsy in the developing world

http://www.djo.harvard.edu/site.php?url=/physicians/kr/472&page=KR_AN

...and now that I actually look at the original question, is says S. America, not anything about North America or the US. The whole "not reading the question" thing got me into trouble on anatomy practicals, too.


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http://ipods.freepay.com/?r=21779090

 

[Rendar5]

(and apparently neonates can have a seizure from holding their breath too long. Smart, kid.)

and kids can trigger absence seizures from hyperventilation

 

[mules05]

and kids can trigger absence seizures from hyperventilation

Kids are really dumb. Except those kids on Kids Jeopardy, who could probably kick my a$$ on a biochem exam right now. I have this hunch that they're just really really short geniuses (do we like the political correctness? I'm trying my best here).

 

[lilmo]

wow! didn't realize my little question would cause so much drama 🙂 i also frequently suffer from "not-reading-the-question-carefully-itis." But then again, the questions on our exams have super sucked lately, and reading them a little more carefully would not have gotten me any closer to the correct answer.

 

[blkkd]

Why is hereditary nephritis often less severe in affected females than in affected males?

.....

 

[fantasty]

Alport syndrome is due to defects in Type IV collagen, leading basement membrane abnormalities. There are different varieties, but X-linked Alport Syndrome is the most common form (85% of cases). The X-linked form affects the alpha-5 subunit of the collagen, and females would be expected to still have a function copy on the other X chromosome. In females, XLAS rarely reaches end-stage renal disease (although autosomal recessive forms affect males and females equally). Renal symptoms include hematuria, proteinuria, and are accompanied by hypertension, hearing impairment, and ocular effects.



What is a common early symptom of age-related macular degeneration?

 

[fantasty]

What is a common early symptom of age-related macular degeneration?

It was a bad question anyhow - I didn't specific dry vs. wet. Although both types result in decreased acuity in central vision. The answer I was going for was more due to wet ARMD, in which straight lines start to appear wavy. Source: http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts.asp


What types of birth defects are associated with the use of retinoic acid during pregnancy?