I already have veterans complaining that all we do is fill out checklists and have no interest in helping people. This is going to go over gangbusters.
Yeah, and I have a lot more empathy with my patients after being given the EPDS every single visit at the OB for a while. It was one questionnaire, and I was ready to draw an X through the whole thing by the end with a giant "I'M FINE." Totally get why it's important. It didn't make it less aggravating in the moment when I just wanted to go home and catch up on sleep.
The other irritating thing is the implicit presumption that these self-report checklists (PHQ-9, GAD-7, PCL-5) are 'like checking your blood pressure' or 'checking your blood glucose' (for diabetics). I mean, I get the temptation to leverage the 'medical model/metaphor' in order to try to encourage compliance with the procedure...but...
They're different. For one thing, they are
very subjective (as opposed to 'blood tests' or 'blood pressure readings'). They are heavily influenced by non-construct-related factors and generalized distress, especially in certain settings (*cough*--VA outpatient mental health) and with certain populations (*cough*--veterans concerned about service-connection). As you mention, they are not 'passive' tests that the patient just has to sit back and have administered to them. Come to think of it, these three 'measures' are especially egregious in that they represent, essentially, item-for-item and even literally
word-for-word copy-and-paste listings of the official diagnostic criteria from the DSM-5 which were never meant (I would argue) to simply be presented to patients as a self-report 'checklist' for the purpose of, essentially, self-diagnosis. I know I'm going to catch flak about expressing this opinion, but it is what it is.
I'm not an 'anti-questionnaire' guy. They have their legitimate uses. But it really bugs me when people/organizations adopt the attitude that the administration of symptom self-report checklists somehow represents the pinnacle core clinical activity of an ultra-sophisticated clinical scientist or scientist practitioner. 'Checklist good. More checklist double-plus-good' sort of mentalities. They are one channel/source of data in a multi-method psychological assessment enterprise. They inform the clinical case formulation, they don't replace it. They do not, essentially, allow the patient/veteran to 'diagnose themselves' (see paragraph, above) according to official DSM-5 criteria with no filtering/ input from the provider. They are not 'just like all the other medical tests we give you at the doctor's office.' As an aside (here we go trying to get fired again) I have also not infrequently seen them used (especially the PCL-5 for 'confirming' a self-diagnosis of PTSD) by a pair of (a) lazy, pandering providers who diagnose everyone with PTSD and (b) self-diagnosing (with PTSD) patients colluding to 'confirm' a flimsy diagnosis of PTSD by pointing to extremely high scores on that measure as indicative of 'very severe PTSD' (PCL-5 score 75 or greater out of 80).
Some legitimate uses of the three common checklists that spring to mind for which they are very useful are:
a) quickly checking on status/severity of symptoms over time (at reasonable intervals) to see if treatment is working or not, or, doing a quick check-in if a patient has been away from therapy for several months or several years to compare with earlier readings
b) screening, especially in a population with a mixture of presence/absence of mental illness and/or widely ranging severity of same (e.g., primary care settings or general populations). A score of 1/27 on the PHQ-9, 2/21 on the GAD-7, and 2/80 on the PCL-5 is, all things considered, to be considered a 'negative screen' for the major mental health disorders of internalized distress (MDD, GAD, PTSD, persistent depressive disorder) unless some extreme underreporting is going on (due to some incentives, perhaps, to conceal psychopathology) or something really wacky is happening.
c) quickly getting a
relative sense of whether a patient's main problems are more in the area of clinical depression, worry/anxiety, or trauma-related distress but--really--I find these measures very poor in terms of helping with any real differential diagnostic determinations in the populations I see regularly (BHIP, general mental health, PTSD specialty clinic) because all three all generally extremely intercorrelated, overlapping in content, and almost universally high.
I also find the preoccupation with administering the 'big three' (PHQ/GAD/PCL) symptom checklists as many times as possible to as many patients as possible (it's getting a little out of control) to be problematic. Collectively, they over-sample from the 'disorders of internalized distress' (PTSD, MDD, GAD) domain of psychopathology whilst completely ignoring the entire remainder of the symptom space (e.g., according to a HiTOP model or even the DSM) including, of course, externalizing disorders, psychotic disorders, personality dysfunction, somatization, etc. It leads to a 'pseudo-sophistication syndrome' where people (including interns) are going about just PHQ/GAD/PCL'ing everyone to death but, meanwhile, completely ignoring the remainder of the psychopathology landscape and clinical case formulations with their patients.
It's also a lazy way to 'supervise' the 'quality' of clinical work of doctoral level psychologists by simply having the computer/system spit out a report of what percentage of encounters they entered/scored a self-report checklist. Real clinical supervision is difficult and time-consuming. Nah, screw that, just have the system give me a percentage on Dr. X and how many PROMs (I love it) she administered over the past quarter.