The fire service is typically ran in a very para-military style. However, in my experience the purely volunteer departments aren't as bad as the paid departments. It's just a different mentality with paid departments because there is extra stress put on us, and because it's our career there is more expected of us than of volunteers. But yes, chain of command is utilized, we run everything based on the ICS structure, and there can be a fair amount of ribbing of new guys, pranks, making them do the more undesirable jobs until they've proven themselves. With us, your first year or so you are expected to be studying and training whenever we aren't running calls. So after 5 when the rest of us shut down and watch TV or go work out, the new guys are expected to have their noses in the books studying. They are usually tasked with giving classes at least once a day, on whatever topic the senior firefighter decides to ask for. This goes for volunteers as well, or as my department calls them "reserves". The days the ride out, they are expected to be studying and giving classes.
The classes can be pretty in depth; I have a probey at my station and my last day working with him the captain said he needed to give a class, so I we went out to the engine I grabbed the two types of saws we have on the engine asked him which he was most comfortable with, he said the chainsaw, so I told him to give a class on the rotary saw. His class was about an hour long, had a powerpoint presentation, and he did an in depth tear down of the saw. It was a great class, I'm just trying to give you an idea of what can be expected, I don't know how the departments in your area will be, they're all different.
I work for the 3rd largest department in the nation, and we have a great reputation of having very good firemen, cutting edge technology, being extremely safe and very well trained. We have FF's from all over the world come to our training center regularly for classes that we teach. I'm teaching a swift water rescue class in June to a group of about 30 FDNY firefighter's.