I just matched in neurosurgery in the 2013 match with a 226. It can be done...but it sure wasn't easy, and you may not have the same result. I did NOT double apply in Gen Surg, but I sure was close to needing it.
Tips for matching with a Step 1 in the 220's:
--Do not be discouraged. Don't let anyone tell you it can't be done.
--Realize you are at a disadvantage to the guys with 260+ Step scores and PhD's. You WILL NOT match at an elite institution, even if you rotate there. It just won't happen. All elite schools have a "cutoff" around 240, which means your app will go directly into the circular file most places.
--Bearing this in mind, apply accordingly. Apply broadly and deeply. I applied to 80 out of the 99 programs. I got 11 Interviews. I matched well down my list, but I still matched.
--Start working on other ways to set yourself apart. Get involved in extracurriculars: volunteer, leadership positions, sports, clubs, etc.
--Get a research project under your belt. My only neurosurgical "research" was a case report and poster presentation. Something > Nothing. I had research in chemistry from college and Orthopedics from medical school. Surgically-oriented research is always a plus.
--Apply for away rotations at schools where you could potentially match. I have heard too many of my colleagues who rotated at elite institutions (BNI, MGH, etc.) who were not even invited for an interview. One away at a "reach" school could be helpful, if and only if you obtain a stellar letter from a chairman.
--On your aways, work harder than you have ever worked in your life. Come early, leave late. No weekends, no life outside the hospital. It's only a couple of months, and it will pay off. I did my home institution and 2 aways.
--Get great letters. Chairman letters are gold. PD letters are silver. All other NS letters are bronze. I had 5 letters. 3 chairmen, 1 PD from my home school, 1 neurosurgeon from my home school.
--Be charismatic. A great personality will carry you a long way in this field.
--Get involved with your home program. Go to conferences, courses, grand rounds. Your best chance is always at your home school, but only if they know who you are. This will also help with letters later.
--Never give up.
In summary, you can do it. It will take alot of effort, but it can be done.
Happy trails!