Newbie...can someone please verify my MDM to appropriately bill 99204 for all new patients?

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Patient this morning, referred for back pain, typical multilevel degenerative changes on MRI. Noted short of breath walking the 200 ft or so from reception to exam room, with no know cardiac or pulmonary diagnoses. Mild anemia (likely iron deficiency) on labs sent from PCP, last colonoscopy 20 years ago, bilateral pitting edema, and early systolic murmur, grade 2. Also DM2, not controlled. For the back I recommended PT, but I’m sending her back to her PCP for possible cardiology and GI referrals. Level 5.
Problem/diagnosis: 1 or more chronic illness with severe exacerbation, progression, or side effects.
Data: Extensive: labs, MRI report, review of PCP notes, plus personal review of MRI.
Treatment: debatable. Recommending consults that will lead to invasive tests. Discussed possible injection options for spine. But only ordered PT. Probably call it moderate risk overall.
based on calculator, thats a tenuous level 5. seems level 4 is more appropriate.

its a sick patient, but you really only offered PT.


im not sure that sending back to PCP is enough.

you have level 5 in terms of medical problems, but level 4 moderate complexity, and at best level 4 moderate risk of treatment.


fwiw, i have a hard time justifying the above case as a level 5 when i see at least 4-5 patients with like symptoms daily..

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based on calculator, thats a tenuous level 5. seems level 4 is more appropriate.

its a sick patient, but you really only offered PT.


im not sure that sending back to PCP is enough.

you have level 5 in terms of medical problems, but level 4 moderate complexity, and at best level 4 moderate risk of treatment.


fwiw, i have a hard time justifying the above case as a level 5 when i see at least 4-5 patients with like symptoms daily..
I see plenty of patients with those symptoms too. Most of them are a level 4. The difference with this one is they were new within the last few months and have not been adequately worked up or diagnosed.
 
based on calculator, thats a tenuous level 5. seems level 4 is more appropriate.

its a sick patient, but you really only offered PT.


im not sure that sending back to PCP is enough.

you have level 5 in terms of medical problems, but level 4 moderate complexity, and at best level 4 moderate risk of treatment.


fwiw, i have a hard time justifying the above case as a level 5 when i see at least 4-5 patients with like symptoms daily..
I disagree. Level 5 by medical problems, level 5 by data reviewed as there was independent interpretation of MRI, then review of multiple other data points, level 3 based on management.
 
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I think what we can all agree on is how ridiculous it is that we have to waste mental energy on this BS for a few more scraps
 
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Morbidly obese affects the complexity of caring for them. Higher risk of complications from procedure due to poor visualization on fluoro, higher risk of respiratory complications from sedating meds, higher risk if you send them to a surgeon.

From page 16:

The level of risk of significant complications, morbidity, and/or mortality can be:
● Minimal
● Low
● Moderate
● High
Here are some important points to keep in mind when documenting level of risk. You should document:
● Comorbidities/underlying diseases or other factors that increase the complexity of medical decision making by increasing the risk of complications, morbidity, and/or mortality
…”
Thanks.

I agree with you. Without a doubt obesity increases complexity.

However, I’m still failing to realize how obesity or being on blood thinners would bump you up to the next level. Could you please explain this?

I mean the patient is getting an ESI. That’s a level 4. Does them being obese bump them up to a 5?

Not trying to be argumentative btw just trying to learn
 
Thanks.

I agree with you. Without a doubt obesity increases complexity.

However, I’m still failing to realize how obesity or being on blood thinners would bump you up to the next level. Could you please explain this?

I mean the patient is getting an ESI. That’s a level 4. Does them being obese bump them up to a 5?

Not trying to be argumentative btw just trying to learn
Obesity, assuming it really is significant, contributes to both an additional problem being managed - a chronic disease with complications (increased severity of joint pain from the weight) - and increases risk of interventions, i.e. minor surgery with identified risk factors.
 
Thanks.

I agree with you. Without a doubt obesity increases complexity.

However, I’m still failing to realize how obesity or being on blood thinners would bump you up to the next level. Could you please explain this?

I mean the patient is getting an ESI. That’s a level 4. Does them being obese bump them up to a 5?

Not trying to be argumentative btw just trying to learn
short answer - if you are already billing a level 4, obesity as a complicating factor really shouldnt be pushing it to a level 5.

imo, even an epidural on an obese patient on 2 anticoagulants with renal failure and contrast allergy doesnt have the complexity or risk of, say, a stim implant, or Minuteman, or liver transplant, or AVR, or cerebral aneurysm coiling, or Roux-en-Y gastrectomy for pancreatic carcinoma, etc.
 
We have practiced that injections and discussion of their risks counts. Haven’t had an issue.

I have a smart phrase I throw in that is about a paragraph detailing all the nuance of procedure, it was discussed in detail, risks were clarified, questions were answered, etc.

Similar for medications. Even if we do nothing we’ve discussed these items and almost every encounter is a level 4.

You should also consider the external notes you’ve reviewed. I’ve often looked at 1-2 other physicians notes.
it is so variable. my coding department said bread and butter - facets, ESI - are level 3. im not sure there is a consensus.

I agree it is open to interpretation- how is the billing department allowed to just tell you that when cms doesn’t even make it clear? Was it the result of a meeting of your higher ups and they just decided to create their own rules? I’m in PP with few pain management docs and if our billing department tried to tell me that I would be like ummmm and where are your receipts?
 
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Your billing dept is wrong. Level 3 are peripheral joint injections /TPI

Neuroaxial injections are level 4. The increased risk and complexity is why those are a level 4 office and why spine injections pay 4-5 times more than a peripheral joint injection.

I agree with this- but what if I was not skilled at hip IA inj and caused a femoral bleed? Not sure how often that happens but I’m sure it has been done.
 
I would caution all of you from billing level 5 OV. I've had a few, but I go out of my way not to do it.

Scheduling an ESI on a morbidly obese pt with multiple comorbidities on Xarelto is NOT a level 5 OV.

I 100% believe you trigger audit alarms with multiple level 5s.
 
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I would caution all of you from billing level 5 OV. I've had a few, but I go out of my way not to do it.

Scheduling an ESI on a morbidly obese pt with multiple comorbidities on Xarelto is NOT a level 5 OV.

I 100% believe you trigger audit alarms with multiple level 5s.
Just because “someone else has it worse” doesn’t mean you can’t bill a level 5. Agree too many could trigger an audit, but they are still fairly rare for me.
 
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Just because “someone else has it worse” doesn’t mean you can’t bill a level 5. Agree too many could trigger an audit, but they are still fairly rare for me.
Using regular language without hyperbole, why would a 300 pound pt on Xarelto bump you up to a level 5?
 
Using regular language without hyperbole, why would a 300 pound pt on Xarelto bump you up to a level 5?
On its own, it wouldn’t. Since our treatments don’t typically meet the criteria for high risk of morbidity from treatment, it takes a severe exacerbation of symptoms or side effects, or life/limb threatening problem, plus lots of data, to bill a level 5. However, as I said above, obesity could bump a patient from level 3 to level 4 - minor surgery with identified risk factors, vs without.
 
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I was told this was not true since I’m not managing their diabetes, anticoagulation etc.
Depends on your documentation. If you are appropriately documenting exactly how those contributory diagnoses affect your medical decision making for their pain issue then it is completely relevant
 
15% -03
85%- 04

dont sell yourself short. this really adds up over time
Letter from an insurance company few weeks ago saying I was “billing too many 04/14s” compared to my peers and now will be “monitoring my notes” or some bs. I had about this ratio.
 
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Letter from an insurance company few weeks ago saying I was “billing too many 04/14s” compared to my peers and now will be “monitoring my notes” or some bs. I had about this ratio.
scare tactics.

ive been getting those since 2012
 
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scare tactics.

ive been getting those since 2012
They are threatening me with a “records review” if I don’t modify my future practice..why just seems annoying more than anything.
 
They are threatening me with a “records review” if I don’t modify my future practice..why just seems annoying more than anything.
they run an algogrithm and try to find any outliers. if you keep it up, you will get more frequent reports. ive never had an actual audit, though.

pay attention to which plans are giving you crap, and throw them a few more level 3's. they should go away eventually
 
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Letter from an insurance company few weeks ago saying I was “billing too many 04/14s” compared to my peers and now will be “monitoring my notes” or some bs. I had about this ratio.
I used to get these letters frequently and got an audit specifically looking at my 99214 visits.
Post audit -letter thanking me for my cooperation-no clawbacks
If you are getting flagged on a majority of level 4 visits as a specialist, you are probably doing things right
 
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I used to get these letters frequently and got an audit specifically looking at my 99214 visits.
Post audit -letter thanking me for my cooperation-no clawbacks
If you are getting flagged on a majority of level 4 visits as a specialist, you are probably doing things right
Was it a lot of work for the audit?
 
Was it a lot of work for the audit?
Not so bad, but that is because I have a firm understanding of billing/coding and I know what they are looking for. My first audit was stressful and a lot of back and forth hiring attorneys. Now, I expect them as a matter of doing business
 
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Not so bad, but that is because I have a firm understanding of billing/coding and I know what they are looking for. My first audit was stressful and a lot of back and forth hiring attorneys. Now, I expect them as a matter of doing business
Also-if you do get a record review, hire your own coder/biller to go over uour notes and make sure you documented appropriately
 
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I used to get these letters frequently and got an audit specifically looking at my 99214 visits.
Post audit -letter thanking me for my cooperation-no clawbacks
If you are getting flagged on a majority of level 4 visits as a specialist, you are probably doing things right
Could you please name names re: this company or do we need to protect them?
 
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99202= nurse tells me patients demands opioids. I tell them they no and they can leave
 
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It's hard to believe that ESI/RFA wouldn't quality for moderate classification if any class of medication management qualifies for moderate complexity. Is the risk of Meloxicam or Gabapentin Rx higher than the risk of ESI/RF?
ESI bumps up the level not because of risk (which can be arguable), but rather the prescription medication used. Therefore it is moderate complexity
 
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Could you share your verbiage for the progression of the Illness (not at goal, stable, worse than before)? Thanks


I could be wrong but I code MBB, RFAs and ESI as moderate. The risks could be catastrophic IMHO.


Sorry don’t mean to dump on ya…I was told the problem list only counted if I’m actively doing something. So for stenosis then ESI. But for DDD I’m not doing doing anything so cannot count it. If I say stenosis = ESI and myofasicla pain = celebrex then it counts as two. I’m open to listening If I was told I correctly
The problem list will count if you order/recommend it. The patient can defer medication/procedures or choose at a later Date
 
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The problem list will count if you order/recommend it. The patient can defer medication/procedures or choose at a later Date
So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
 
So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
Not sure how much you could bill for that, but for me unless it’s still hurting enough to need more referral or evaluation, that’s a 99212.
“Hey, glad you’re feeling better. Keep up with the core exercises PT gave you. Call if it starts to hurt again. Hope you don’t need to see me for a while. Have a good day!”
 
So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
Can you look at yourself in the mirror and say “Yes that was some complicated medical decision making” with a straight face
 
So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
Medical decision making or time decides the level
-prescription medication is used and there are two chronic stable problems that will make it a 99214
There may be an argument that the two problems you have listed are self-limited or minor problems- then it would be a 99213 at lowest-it really needs some more info on the status of the problem to be bulletproof. I would guess a 99214 is reasonable but I would recommend you put more info to define the problem better.

If you are addressing a series of problems such as obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia with any rec. than that should count but again the medical decision making is not defined alone by problems. This is a plug and play formula
 
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Can you look at yourself in the mirror and say “Yes that was some complicated medical decision making” with a straight face
You may not personally believe this has any level of complexity for these decisions and likely it shouldn’t be difficult if you have any training. There is a set of definitions for what e/m coding is in terms of high, moderate, or low complexity.
When you decide on prescription meds with two stable problems-it is by definition moderate complexity
 
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So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
Drop any/all diagnoses discussed/managed in the note. If more than 2 diagnoses and a Rx provided at the visit it is a 99214. If no Rx directly ordered during the visit then it will be 99212/3. If it takes you more than 20 minutes to prepare, talk, document then you have a 99213 based on time.

I only ever bill 99212 if patient is satisfied with their procedure outcome, don't want to chat about anything outside of maybe some PT/HEP for 2 minutes, and we tell them to call us PRN.

I do have some 99202 for younger people who come in for acute ortho injury, order MRI, and they refuse meds.
 
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You may not personally believe this has any level of complexity for these decisions and likely it shouldn’t be difficult if you have any training. There is a set of definitions for what e/m coding is in terms of high, moderate, or low complexity.
When you decide on prescription meds with two stable problems-it is by definition moderate complexity
It’s missing complexity of data to be analyzed


Look at the middle of the table
 
Drop any/all diagnoses discussed/managed in the note. If more than 2 diagnoses and a Rx provided at the visit it is a 99214. If no Rx directly ordered during the visit then it will be 99212/3. If it takes you more than 20 minutes to prepare, talk, document then you have a 99213 based on time.

I only ever bill 99212 if patient is satisfied with their procedure outcome, don't want to chat about anything outside of maybe some PT/HEP for 2 minutes, and we tell them to call us PRN.

I do have some 99202 for younger people who come in for acute ortho injury, order MRI, and they refuse meds.
This. For sure a 99214. Although maybe a 99213 depending on wording of how Yoj document it. You have several problems addressed and a prescription. Also, could define treatment as “decision not to proceed to further injections based I response”, as the E and M guidelines are clear that a decision not to treat with a procedure or medication is the same medical complexity as doing a procedure or med.
 
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Medical decision making or time decides the level
-prescription medication is used and there are two chronic stable problems that will make it a 99214
There may be an argument that the two problems you have listed are self-limited or minor problems- then it would be a 99213 at lowest-it really needs some more info on the status of the problem to be bulletproof. I would guess a 99214 is reasonable but I would recommend you put more info to define the problem better.

If you are addressing a series of problems such as obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia with any rec. than that should count but again the medical decision making is not defined alone by problems. This is a plug and play formula
I do the same, but I don't think I ever do a level 2. Even if they are doing fine, often I will briefly discuss an injection as a future option.

What is the difference between low and minimal risk? There is a lot of gray area and as long as one's not egregious, I highly doubt one would be a target of an audit.
 
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There is a tremendous amount of misinformation and cognitive bias by physicians as to what constitutes appropriate em coding. There is misinterpretation of what the clearly defined terms are in coding or are possess some bias (getting appropriately reimbursed for your work is somehow wrong, “look in the mirror”- that is you Aghast) that the majority of codes submitted are undercoded.
You can take 15-30 minutes in understanding the coding table and likely realize that you have left thousands on the table every week for the insurance companies to keep.
Over a twenty year career this will be a small fortune.
There is nothing wrong in being appropriately reimbursed for your work
 
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Can you look at yourself in the mirror and say “Yes that was some complicated medical decision making” with a straight face
yes.

Is the patient over 65? Therefore I’ll need to know the Beers Criteria.

Does the patient have elevated LFTs? Are they taking apap regularly which would cause elevations in LFTs possibly? Drinking at all?

Are they a risk for falling alseep during the day? Then night time in out dosing.

What’s their job? Are they on the road driving or operating heavy machinery ? A creative?

Do they take other sedatives? This may compound any sedation.

What other muscle relaxants have they tried and failed?

Can I prescribe a non benzo for this and explain the risks of a benzo?

Is there any risk of arrhythmia for a medication that is essentially a TCA structurally?

Do we do this everyday? Yes.
Is it easy? No.

If you don’t think so then I suggest getting deposed or sitting down with defense/plaintiff lawyers.
 
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The lowest level I've ever billed is a 213.

You guys doing 212 must not write a note...At all...
 
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I do the same, but I don't think I ever do a level 2. Even if they are doing fine, often I will briefly discuss an injection as a future option.

What is the difference between low and minimal risk? There is a lot of gray area and as long as one's not egregious, I highly doubt one would be a target of an audit.
Minimal risk scenarios would be a health patient, nothing wrong, your physical exam, etc,,.
Low risk would be otc meds, rx for pt, etc,
 
Agreed, bill a 99212 and just write in the HPI saw the patient, healthy, end of note.
 
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So let’s say a patient comes in post ESI or RFA and it worked.

#spondylosis or radicu
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- s/p procedure, continue HEP, continue gaba or rx nsaid prn

#myofasical pain
- improved, not at goal since not 100% better
- continue HEP, heat, offered muscle relaxant patient declined.

Is this a level 4 then?

Additional question
If you have an obesity, anxiety, chronic pain or fibromyalgia dotphrase with generalities like walk more, gentle stretching, diet, socialization than that counts?
99213, based on LOS calculator...


you have 2 separate problems. you discussed the effects of the injection and you did discuss OTC medication.

so 2 or more stable chronic illnesses + low risk (OTC drugs) and you get 99213.



now, if you actually discussed obesity, and/or added prescription drug management for moderate complexity, then you can get a 99214.
 
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99213, based on LOS calculator...


you have 2 separate problems. you discussed the effects of the injection and you did discuss OTC medication.

so 2 or more stable chronic illnesses + low risk (OTC drugs) and you get 99213.



now, if you actually discussed obesity, and/or added prescription drug management for moderate complexity, then you can get a 99214.
I would disagree. Gaba is med management, would qualify as level 4. Deciding against further injections is level 4 risk. These plus the two diagnoses geta Yoj ti a 99214.
 
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