Paramagnetism vs Diamagnetism vs Ferromagnetism

[graten]

This is what I thought: paramagnetic is when there were unpaired electrons so that they could be spun by a magnetic field. Diamagnetic elements have paired electrons so they can't be spun. Ferromagnetism was Iron.

Now a few questions:
-Why is Cobalt and Nickel considered ferromagnetic?
-Why is Sodium and Potassium dimagnetic? They both have only 1s electron which is unpaired...

I have been doing this problem for hours and am going crazy. Here is a periodic table of the magnetism elements:
http://www.periodictable.com/Properties/A/MagneticType.html

Thank you for your help.

Note: A periodic table of the paramagnetic vs diamagnetic is better illustrated here:
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl...a3KBQ&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0
Sorry for the long link but I don't understand the questions above...thanks so much for your help.

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[shffl]

Hm. I'm interested as to why Na and K are diamagnetic as well.

 

[cheesier]

This is what I thought: paramagnetic is when there were unpaired electrons so that they could be spun by a magnetic field. Diamagnetic elements have paired electrons so they can't be spun. Ferromagnetism was Iron.

Now a few questions:
-Why is Cobalt and Nickel considered ferromagnetic?
-Why is Sodium and Potassium dimagnetic? They both have only 1s electron which is unpaired...

I have been doing this problem for hours and am going crazy. Here is a periodic table of the magnetism elements:
http://www.periodictable.com/Properties/A/MagneticType.html

Thank you for your help.

Note: A periodic table of the paramagnetic vs diamagnetic is better illustrated here:
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl...a3KBQ&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0
Sorry for the long link but I don't understand the questions above...thanks so much for your help.

Sodium and Potassium are both paramagnetic, not diamagnetic.

 

[graten]

Sodium and Potassium are both paramagnetic, not diamagnetic.

Then why are the two periodic tables saying dimagnetic? hmm...

 

[Zedor]

Then why are the two periodic tables saying dimagnetic? hmm...

I have no idea, but my guess is that being that they are both alkali metals, they will exist as positively charged ions in nature. Therefore they lose the single electron in the S orbital, and have no unpaired electrons in the lower energy shells.

 

[shffl]

I have no idea, but my guess is that being that they are both alkali metals, they will exist as positively charged ions in nature. Therefore they lose the single electron in the S orbital, and have no unpaired electrons in the lower energy shells.

Hmm makes sense that the ions can be diamagnetic.

 

[TwoPaddles]

Hmm makes sense that the ions can be diamagnetic.

Yeah when you write out the electron configuration for sodium metal you have:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Since it's that 3s electron is unpaired, it's paramagnetic

For sodium ion, the electron configuration is:
1s2 2s2 2p6
Everything is paired so its diamagnetic. (remember you have to lose the electron to make it an "ion")

 

[Wakesc]

So another words if the alkali metals are in a natural states they exist as ions therefore they are diamagnetic? How come that list states that mg is paramagnetic?

 

[Zedor]

So another words if the alkali metals are in a natural states they exist as ions therefore they are diamagnetic? How come that list states that mg is paramagnetic?

The two links say the opposite information lol.

 

[TwoPaddles]

So another words if the alkali metals are in a natural states they exist as ions therefore they are diamagnetic? How come that list states that mg is paramagnetic?

Mg is diamagnetic; it has 2 valence electrons (in the 3s shell) that are paired.

 

[integralx2]

This is what I thought: paramagnetic is when there were unpaired electrons so that they could be spun by a magnetic field. Diamagnetic elements have paired electrons so they can't be spun. Ferromagnetism was Iron.

Now a few questions:
-Why is Cobalt and Nickel considered ferromagnetic?
-Why is Sodium and Potassium dimagnetic? They both have only 1s electron which is unpaired...

I have been doing this problem for hours and am going crazy. Here is a periodic table of the magnetism elements:
http://www.periodictable.com/Properties/A/MagneticType.html

Thank you for your help.

Note: A periodic table of the paramagnetic vs diamagnetic is better illustrated here:
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl...a3KBQ&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=20&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0
Sorry for the long link but I don't understand the questions above...thanks so much for your help.

Co and Ni are Ferromagnetic (the ability to be attracted by an external magnetic field) There 3d shell electrons are not all spin paired.