You know, I had heard this idea that the pharmacology is banal and simple from a few of my program’s attendings. The ones who made these remarks were obviously trained well before me. I never thought the pharmacology was simple, and I thought mastering it involved progressive improvements in knowledge and skill, like anything else.
So I have this theory that the dismissive “pharmacology is easy” comments are coming from people who trained in an era that really valued the dynamic/analytic side of our profession, and patients getting better with “just pills” threatens the primacy of that worldview, and thus they mount these defensive responses.
Just my armchair analysis anyway.
The extremely basic psychopharmacology (that's still difficult for some providers to follow) is incredibly simple:
- patient is too sad: give them happy pills!
- patient is too sleepy: give them awake pills!
- patient is too sad and too sleepy: give them happy pills that also wake them up!
- patient is too happy: give them sad pills!
- patient is too awake: give them sleepy pills!
- patient is too anxious: give them happy pills!
- patient is too obsessive: give them more happy pills!
- patient is too distracted: give them focus pills!
- patient is too psychotic: give them antipsychotics!
- patient has a pattern of clinically significant episodes of being both too sad and too happy: give them mood stabilizers!
- patient has history of unstable mood and being too psychotic: give them mood-stablizing antipsychotics!
- patient is too psychotic and too sad: give them antipsychotics and happy pills!
- patient has an untreated medical problem that could be relevant: tell them to ask a doctor who treats that to treat it!
- 2-3 trials of the appropriate class didn't work: zap 'em!
When deciding initial treatment always give a monotherapy as above, and if that does not work then give them another monotherapy that fits the same simplistic rule. If the response is partial then add a drug from the new group that fits the new major problems. Start at the recommended starting dose. If people respond well then maintain the minimum effective dose. If they don't respond well then titrate to the maximum tolerated dose. In general consider the dose ineffective after 2 weeks and titrate higher, and consider the drug ineffective after 12 weeks at max dose tolerated.
The more advanced version still isn't all that far off from the above. It's mostly generalized rules that help with combinations of drugs for treatment-refractory cases and more detailed guidelines for doses and time-to-escalate or time -to-switch. Drug-drug interactions are frequently published with very helpful charts for studying the specific recommendations. Electronic prescribing systems auto-warn you about interactions. The ones you want to give despite the warning you look up to make sure you know what the warning means and how to respond to it.
There are fewer than 50 drugs to know. Most psychiatrists don't use more than 3 drugs in any class. Most combinations aren't any more effective than monotherapy. The exceptions are easy to read about and learn, since they tend to be published in clinical practice guidelines. FDA package inserts that every patient gets with every prescription contain more information than most people prescribing the medications know about the medications (sad but true).
It doesn't take much effort at all to follow an algorithm, all of which have generally been found to be better than or equivalent to "more thoughtful" prescribing practices. Even I admit I usually don't try two SSRIs before considering an SNRI, Remeron, Wellbutrin, or a TCA for certain patients with simple MDD. My care isn't any better or worse for having made whatever rationalization I have made to follow that action.