Since bone marrow is where B cells mature, are antibody synthesized in bone marrow? Or do B cells get secreted into the blood and then produce antibody, making circulatory system as the location of antibody synthesis?
Which location in the body is antibody synthesized?
- Thread starter m25
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Ok so is this correct:
B cell matures in red bone marrow --> gets released into circulatory/lymp system --> B cell differentiate into plasma cell --> plasma cell makes antibody
Also, is T helper cell responsible for signaling B cell to differentiate into plasma cell, or do B cell differentiate into plasma cell without any signal from outside source?
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Yes, you are correct on the plasma cell timeline.
T-helper cells are responsible for B cell signaling, as the T-Helper cells are Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) and have the MHC protein. Their recognition of antigens promotes many events but one one of them is B cell signaling, primarily through cytokines.
A B cell can also "capture" an antigen, but then it will display the antigen fragments to a T cell to promote Plasma Cell differentiation.
So the T-Helper cells are required but do not necessarily need to the be the cell that first encounters the antigen.
T-helper cells are responsible for B cell signaling, as the T-Helper cells are Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) and have the MHC protein. Their recognition of antigens promotes many events but one one of them is B cell signaling, primarily through cytokines.
A B cell can also "capture" an antigen, but then it will display the antigen fragments to a T cell to promote Plasma Cell differentiation.
So the T-Helper cells are required but do not necessarily need to the be the cell that first encounters the antigen.
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Lots of great answers here,. The cycle is a little bit like this:
1. Naive B cells released from Bone Marrow travel to various lymph nodes and other lympathic organs.
2. Meanwhile, Dendritic Cells capture a pathogen, degrade it and present the antigen on it's surface. Note: Only professional APC's can do this because they have MHCII's. (3 APC's: Dendritic Cells, Macrophages, B-Cells). T cells are not a professional APC (lack MHCII). Generally of the three APC's, dendritic cells do this most frequently.
3. Dendritic Cell travels to nearest lymph node where it awaits the naive T helper cell (specific to its antigen). Upon interacting, dendritic cells release cytokines that activate the naive T cell and allow it to differentiate into a specific type of T helper cell (there are various sub-types: TH1, TH2, etc.)
4. The activated T cell then leaves the lymph node in search of a naive B cell in other nodes.
5. Eventually, naive B cell becomes activated and is stimulated to produce an army of memory B cells and Plasma Cells (after differentiation).
6. These plasma cells will exit the lymph node into the blood plasma, where they begin secreting Ab's. They also travel to the bone marrow and other lymphatic tissues and organs and begin secreting Ab's there as well.
1. Naive B cells released from Bone Marrow travel to various lymph nodes and other lympathic organs.
2. Meanwhile, Dendritic Cells capture a pathogen, degrade it and present the antigen on it's surface. Note: Only professional APC's can do this because they have MHCII's. (3 APC's: Dendritic Cells, Macrophages, B-Cells). T cells are not a professional APC (lack MHCII). Generally of the three APC's, dendritic cells do this most frequently.
3. Dendritic Cell travels to nearest lymph node where it awaits the naive T helper cell (specific to its antigen). Upon interacting, dendritic cells release cytokines that activate the naive T cell and allow it to differentiate into a specific type of T helper cell (there are various sub-types: TH1, TH2, etc.)
4. The activated T cell then leaves the lymph node in search of a naive B cell in other nodes.
5. Eventually, naive B cell becomes activated and is stimulated to produce an army of memory B cells and Plasma Cells (after differentiation).
6. These plasma cells will exit the lymph node into the blood plasma, where they begin secreting Ab's. They also travel to the bone marrow and other lymphatic tissues and organs and begin secreting Ab's there as well.
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