Stinky Tofu made some good points. It's difficult to apply to programs during internship; thus, you must carefully consider your options and plan.
I think the following are your options at this point.
1) Scramble and try to secure a position. This will be very difficult and will depend on how many spots remain open next week.
2) Do research for a year or two, and apply during that time. I'm not sure if this will increase your chances are not, and it will greatly depend on how productive you are during this time. I think this option would be particularly difficult for those who don't have strong research backgrounds.
3) Do a pre-residency fellowship in ocular pathology or sub-specialty of ophthalmology, such as genetics. This will basically be a research year. I think this option is viable and may allow you to work with influential faculty. You'll have to contact programs to inquire if a position is open. For instance, I?ve been told by one of my colleagues that Utah has an excellent pre-residency fellowship in ocular pathology. Several programs have these positions, but most are not advertised. Some are advertised on the
www.sfmatch.org website. I think the best approach is to contact the programs individually. Out of all the choices here and if ophthalmology is the only thing you want to do, then I would encourage you to strongly consider this option.
4) Complete a preliminary year (not transitional) in medicine or surgery. It doesn't have to be a categorical position. This will also allow you to transfer to a different program or continue on a categorical track if allowed by your program. You'll likely have to save your 3 weeks of vacation to interview if you decide to apply during this time. Another option, is to first complete the preliminary year, complete your USMLE Step 3, apply for a research position/pre-residency fellowship, and then apply. This way you'll be able to do research until you're ready to start the PGY-2 year, and you?ll have time to interview during your research year.
None of these paths are easy. All require serious consideration and commitment. I also encourage people who don?t match to meet with their Deans and program directors to discuss their options.
Good luck and my condolences to those who did not match.