2012 FA Errata Discussion Thread

[Zenfudge]

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Hi all,

Not sure how this will be received, but for those interested in nitpicking FA 2012 and discussing potential mistakes prior to the official errata release should post here. I wasn't going to start this thread, but I've already found 2 glaring errors, and thought it may be helpful for the paranoid among us. If you're the guy or gal that ticks your professors off by finding errors in their powerpoints, this thread is for you!

Someone with more experience can probably come up with a more efficient format (and feel free to change it please), but for now:

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.

 

[onb2014]

Great thread -- I'd recommend anyone who does post an errata to first post it on http://firstaidteam.com/?page_id=804 because (1) FA can verify it and post in their official errata if correct, and (2) according to the 2011 errata you get a $10 Amazon gift card if you are the first person to send an error that they post.

 

[Zenfudge]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).

 

[Zenfudge]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"

 

[Zenfudge]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)

 

[Zenfudge]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.


Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA

 

[Zenfudge]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.


7* - Not totally sure about this one, but I use Gunner Training and there was a discrepancy between the two sources (FA and GT). So, I went to UpToDate and found the following:


The urine pH contributes to the likelihood of formation of certain stones. An acid urine (typical for most individuals) favors uric acid precipitation; although previously believed to be a nidus for calcium oxalate stones, this has not been supported by multiple studies. An alkaline urine (as may be seen with urinary tract infections and renal tubular acidosis but also in individuals with higher dietary alkali intake) promotes calcium phosphate stone formation. Calcium oxalate stones are not pH-dependent in the physiologic range. (See 'Hypocitraturia' below.)

Calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate stones share some risk factors such as low urine volume, high urine calcium, and low urine citrate [21]. However, there are also distinct risk factors for each type of stone. As an example, hyperoxaluria is a risk factor for calcium oxalate stones, while higher urine pH is a risk factor for calcium phosphate stones. Because the approach to stone prevention depends upon the composition of the stone, it is essential that every attempt is made to retrieve a passed or removed stone and to send it for analysis.


Looks like Gunner Training is right, but if anyone else knows something else, feel free to correct. Also, drinking antifreeze is bad.

 

[onb2014]

Error Number/Page Number/Topic
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.

7* - Not totally sure about this one, but I use Gunner Training and there was a discrepancy between the two sources (FA and GT). So, I went to UpToDate and found the following:

 

[wg86]

1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.

7* - Not totally sure about this one, but I use Gunner Training and there was a discrepancy between the two sources (FA and GT). So, I went to UpToDate and found the following:

 

[wg86]

1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)
10. 108 - Disorders of fructose metabolism

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).
10. The legend below the diagram on the bottom of the page conflicts with the overlying text: 1 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
2 Deficiency = essential fructosuria

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.
10. The numbers 1 and 2 in the legend should be switched to reflect the text:
1 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
2 Deficiency = fructose intolerance

 

[Zenfudge]

1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)
10. 108 - Disorders of fructose metabolism
11. 120 - Major Apolipoproteins

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).
10. The legend below the diagram on the bottom of the page conflicts with the overlying text: 1 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
2 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
11. Getting picky, but the table with apoliproteins could be misleading in regards to Apo-CII and HDL.

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.
10. The numbers 1 and 2 in the legend should be switched to reflect the text:
1 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
2 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
11. Tough call: HDL is a repository for Apo C-II (as stated on p. 121) and is a donator of Apo C-II, so keep this in mind when using the apolipoprotein table on p. 120. They probably mean that HDL doesn't express Apo C-II on the surface, but I'm not even sure about this (Goljan has a picture of HDL with a big fat C-II sticking out of it).

 

[He2]

1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)
10. 108 - Disorders of fructose metabolism
11. 120 - Major Apolipoproteins
12. 550-Fibrocystic Disease
Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).
10. The legend below the diagram on the bottom of the page conflicts with the overlying text: 1 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
2 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
11. Getting picky, but the table with apoliproteins could be misleading in regards to Apo-CII and HDL.
12. They no longer call it a disease, but rather a change
Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.
10. The numbers 1 and 2 in the legend should be switched to reflect the text:
1 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
2 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
11. Tough call: HDL is a repository for Apo C-II (as stated on p. 121) and is a donator of Apo C-II, so keep this in mind when using the apolipoprotein table on p. 120. They probably mean that HDL doesn't express Apo C-II on the surface, but I'm not even sure about this (Goljan has a picture of HDL with a big fat C-II sticking out of it).
12. Fibrocystic Disease-->Fibrocystic Change

 

[just waiting]

Page
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)
10. 108 - Disorders of fructose metabolism
11. 120 - Major Apolipoproteins
12. 550-Fibrocystic Disease
13. 149- Catalase-Positive organisms

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).
10. The legend below the diagram on the bottom of the page conflicts with the overlying text: 1 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
2 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
11. Getting picky, but the table with apoliproteins could be misleading in regards to Apo-CII and HDL.
12. They no longer call it a disease, but rather a change
13. Actinomyces is not catalase positive (at least in terms of Step 1)

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.
10. The numbers 1 and 2 in the legend should be switched to reflect the text:
1 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
2 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
11. Tough call: HDL is a repository for Apo C-II (as stated on p. 121) and is a donator of Apo C-II, so keep this in mind when using the apolipoprotein table on p. 120. They probably mean that HDL doesn't express Apo C-II on the surface, but I'm not even sure about this (Goljan has a picture of HDL with a big fat C-II sticking out of it).
12. Fibrocystic Disease-->Fibrocystic Change
13. Actinomyces should be Aspergillus (as per Kaplan MedEssentials)

 

[CATrtb]

Page
1. 117 - Fatty acid metabolism
2. 508 - Nephron physiology
3. 352 - Esophageal CA
4. 565 - Oxygen Deprivation
5. 135 - Aortic Arch Derivatives
6. 104 - Glycolysis regulation - reactions producing ATP
7. 519 - Kidney stones
8. 508 - Nephron physiology
9. 107 - Respiratory Burst (oxidative burst)
10. 108 - Disorders of fructose metabolism
11. 120 - Major Apolipoproteins
12. 550-Fibrocystic Disease
13. 149- Catalase-Positive organisms
14. 356-Diverticulitis

Potential Error
1. Chart says: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, glucose and ketones.
2. Image boxes pointing to the thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule are transposed.
3. Right column says that in the US, adenocarcinoma = squamous carcinoma
4. Under hypoxemia, it says "Increased normal A-a gradient".
5. Captions pointing to aortic arch derivatives say "...recurrent pharyngeal nerve" ---> 2 mistakes total
6. Positive and negative regulators of pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase are misaligned.
7. Calcium stones: Says they precipitate at low or neutral pH
8. Images of DCT and TAL are switched.
9. In the diagram showing the neutrophil cell membrane, H2O2 is shown going into the cell and being reduced to H2O2 (as GSH is oxidized to GSSG).
10. The legend below the diagram on the bottom of the page conflicts with the overlying text: 1 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
2 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
11. Getting picky, but the table with apoliproteins could be misleading in regards to Apo-CII and HDL.
12. They no longer call it a disease, but rather a change
13. Actinomyces is not catalase positive (at least in terms of Step 1)
14. Diverticulitis may cause bright red rectal bleeding.

Potential Fix
1. Should say: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency ----> increase in dicarboxylic acids, but decrease in glucose and ketones.
2. Just make a note of it? Pretty hard to change the illustration.
3. Should say: US incidence: adenocarcinoma > squamous (in agreement with their errata from 2010).
4. Change to "Normal A-a gradient"
5. Change both to "...laryngeal nerves" (right and left recurrent)
6. Realign in accordance with FA 2010/11:
- Pyruvate Kinase: Negative regulators: ATP, alanine. Positive regulator: F-1,6-BP
- PDH: Negative regulators: ATP, NADH, Acetyl CoA
7. Should be: Calcium oxalate stones - are pH independent under physiologic conditions and calcium phosphate forms preferentially at alkaline pH.
8. Switch images of DCT and TAL so they point to the correct part of the nephron.
9. H2O2 should be reduced to 2H2O, as in the diagram on the top of p. 108.
10. The numbers 1 and 2 in the legend should be switched to reflect the text:
1 Deficiency = essential fructosuria
2 Deficiency = fructose intolerance
11. Tough call: HDL is a repository for Apo C-II (as stated on p. 121) and is a donator of Apo C-II, so keep this in mind when using the apolipoprotein table on p. 120. They probably mean that HDL doesn't express Apo C-II on the surface, but I'm not even sure about this (Goljan has a picture of HDL with a big fat C-II sticking out of it).
12. Fibrocystic Disease-->Fibrocystic Change
13. Actinomyces should be Aspergillus (as per Kaplan MedEssentials)
14. Move "May cause bright rectal bleeding." up to diverticulosis. (Not associated with diverticulitis)

 

[contemplate206]

P. 236 Under infections in immunodeficiency it lists the pathogen as bacteria and says with no complement we're predisposed to Neiserria and in () says "no mycobacterium avium complex"

That should read "no membrane attack complex."

 

[drdude21]

P. 236 Under infections in immunodeficiency it lists the pathogen as bacteria and says with no complement we're predisposed to Neiserria and in () says "no mycobacterium avium complex"

That should read "no membrane attack complex."

I was really confused reading this page of First Aid last night (maybe because we haven't covered it in Micro yet), but I actually think it isn't a mistake. Type "mycobactium avium complement" into Google and you'll find a ton of articles citing how pathogenesis involves hijacking the complement system, e.g. "Mycobacterium avium is an intracellular pathogen that has been shown to invade macrophages by using complement receptors in vitro" from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456949

 

[kenlee]

on the SCID, lab section.
Increased adenosine instead of adenine?
since ADA deficiency of SCID is ADENOSINE DEAMINASE.
Adenine deaminase would convert Adenine to Guanine..
does everybody agree?

 

[contemplate206]

I was really confused reading this page of First Aid last night (maybe because we haven't covered it in Micro yet), but I actually think it isn't a mistake. Type "mycobactium avium complement" into Google and you'll find a ton of articles citing how pathogenesis involves hijacking the complement system, e.g. "Mycobacterium avium is an intracellular pathogen that has been shown to invade macrophages by using complement receptors in vitro" from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10456949

I think I was right. They listed it in their errata on the website.

 

[Hopeful Dr]

Re: Portosystemic anastomoses - p. 341

The arrows in the picture seem misleading. The systemic drainage shows normal flow into the IVC or azygos (as it should). However, the arrows in the portal system are showing flow in the opposite direction (like in the case of portal hypertension). Am I right about this?

Also, the portal vein is incorrectly shown to drain into the IVC. Moreover, the IVC is not labeled or colored distinctly and is difficult to tell apart from the other veins. (minor thing though)

 

[Phloston]

Please do not jump to conclusions so quickly.

Regarding #13, although Kaplan may say that Aspergillus is catalase-positive, Aspergillus should not replace Actinomyces in First Aid. There are many Actinomyces strains that are catalase-positive. So if anything, Aspergillus could be added to the list in FA. And are you a USMLE test-writer? How could you even say that Actinomyces is not catalase-positive "in terms of step-1"? If a question hypothetically asked about catalase, and a non-acid fast, anaerobic, gram-positive beaded-filamentous organism were one of the answers, it would most certainly be correct.

 

[Phloston]

This link has everything we need to know:

http://firstaidteam.com/updates-and-corrections