[FONT=arial, helvetica] Background In the mid-1990s, the Department of Veterans Affairs<sup> </sup>(VA) health care system initiated a systemwide reengineering<sup> </sup>to, among other things, improve its quality of care. We sought<sup> </sup>to determine the subsequent change in the quality of health<sup> </sup>care and to compare the quality with that of the Medicare fee-for-service<sup> </sup>program.<sup> </sup>.
[FONT=arial, helvetica]Methods Using data from an ongoing performance-evaluation program<sup> </sup>in the VA, we evaluated the quality of preventive, acute, and<sup> </sup>chronic care. We assessed the change in quality-of-care indicators<sup> </sup>from 1994 (before reengineering) through 2000 and compared the<sup> </sup>quality of care with that afforded by the Medicare fee-for-service<sup> </sup>system, using the same indicators of quality.<sup> </sup>.
[FONT=arial, helvetica]Results In fiscal year 2000, throughout the VA system, the percentage<sup> </sup>of patients receiving appropriate care was 90 percent or greater<sup> </sup>for 9 of 17 quality-of-care indicators and exceeded 70 percent<sup> </sup>for 13 of 17 indicators. There were statistically significant<sup> </sup>improvements in quality from 19941995 through 2000 for<sup> </sup>all nine indicators that were collected in all years. As compared<sup> </sup>with the Medicare fee-for-service program, the VA performed<sup> </sup>significantly better on all 11 similar quality indicators for<sup> </sup>the period from 1997 through 1999. In 2000, the VA outperformed<sup> </sup>Medicare on 12 of 13 indicators.<sup> </sup>.
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Conclusions The quality of care in the VA health care system<sup> </sup>substantially improved after the implementation of a systemwide<sup> </sup>reengineering and, during the period from 1997 through 2000,<sup> </sup>was significantly better than that in the Medicare fee-for-service<sup> </sup>program. These data suggest that the quality-improvement initiatives<sup> </sup>adopted by the VA in the mid-1990s were effective..