43) A doesn't work because the question asks specifically what causes the artificial gravity in the rotating space station. I.e., how is the space station creating its own "gravity"?
44) Theta is NOT the angle of rotation of the centrifuge. In Figure 1, notice how theta is labeled in the side vew. Basically it's asking how far the car can swing out while the whole thing is spinning.
46) In the first place, the gravitational pull is basically nonexistent here. Most of the time, effects due to gravity are negligible unless you're talking about celestial bodies. Second, even if it weren't negligible, I'd argue that gravity would cause the pillars to expand. Anyway, the weight of the tank FAR overshadows any effects due to gravity, so C is the best answer.