Acid base balance

[Umairshariff23]

Hi everyone, I have been looking for a comprehensive classification for acidosis and alkalosis but I haven't been able to find anything. This is what I have so far:

Metabolic acidosis
High anion gap
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemic hypochondriac
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis


I would appreciate if someone could point me to a site or post an image or document with a full classification.

Thank you

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[OnePunchBiopsy]

Hi everyone, I have been looking for a comprehensive classification for acidosis and alkalosis but I haven't been able to find anything. This is what I have so far:

Metabolic acidosis
High anion gap
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemic hypochondriac
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis


I would appreciate if someone could point me to a site or post an image or document with a full classification.

Thank you

Here is an abridged explanation:

Metabolic acidosis: OVERALL, the body's pH is too LOW. Bicarb will be low, and PCO2 will be normal, or low due to kussmaul breathing
High anion gap: Only used to classify a metabolic acidosis: Use equation [Na] - [Cl + HCO3] = ~ 12 (+/-) 2. If a gap is present, it is being caused by MUDPILES. If no gap is present, on the test it is either due to diarrhea, Renal Tubular Acidosis (any type), or acetazolamide use.

Metabolic alkalosis: OVERALL, the body's pH is too HIGH.
Hypokalemic hypochondriac: Due to vomiting or NG tube suction. Patients lossing Chloride, H+, and water due to gastric secretions. Loss of volume leads to aldosterone release causing paradoxical aciduria due to secretion of H+ at the kidneys, and causes urinary loss of Potassium.

Respiratory acidosis: OVERALL, the body's pH is too LOW. PCO2 will be high due to renention.
Respiratory alkalosis: OVERALL, the body's pH is too HIGH. PCO2 will be low and bicard will be normal. You get this from breathing too fast and letting off too much CO2.

 

[Umairshariff23]

Thank you for your explanation, it is very concise and helpful. I was looking for a detailed classification and subclassification of acidosis and alkalosis though.

 

[OnePunchBiopsy]

Thank you for your explanation, it is very concise and helpful. I was looking for a detailed classification and subclassification of acidosis and alkalosis though.

Your list was good to begin with! No need to worry about double/triple acidosis unless you go into nephrology.



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[Ven0m]

you can also have a combined respiratory + metabolic acidosis/alkalosis

in which the pco2 is elevated, hco3 depressed, and
pco2 depressed, hco3 elevated
respectively

idk when this kind of thing will occur but i read it in kaplan so idk if its what you were aiming for