Biochemistry question(Help Please)

[drkum1]

1)When a brief period of hysterical hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis tetany might caused by sudden decrease in which of the following?
a)total serum
b)ionized serum
c)citrate bound
d)serum protein-bound

2)Which of the folowing best characterizes a steriod hormone?
a)stored in secretory granules
b)binds to intracellular receptors
c)synthesized in a precursor form
d)acts by generating a second messenger
e)Usually transported unbound in plasma

3)A person who has a long history of anabolic steriod abuse but has recently stopped is likely to exibit each of the following except one?
a)sterility
b)low fsh levels
c)low testosterone level
d)decreased number of spermatids

4)Which of the folling is nucleotide?
a)urate
b)uracil
c)ribose
d)adenosine
e)thymidylate

5)Tetrodotoxin blocks which of the following channels in nerve-axon membrane?
a)sodium
b)calcium
c)hydrogen
d)chloride
e)potassium

6)Total urinary nitrogen excretion is least when an individual is
a)satarving
b)on a well balanced diet
c)on a diet containing adequate fat and carbohydrate but no protein
d)on a diet containing adequate protein but no fat carbohydrate

7)Innervation of salivary gland cells in human is predominantly
a)somatic motor
b)sympathetic preganglionic
c)sympathetic postganglionic
d)parasympathetic preganglionic
e)parasympathetic posgangalionic

8)A slight detachment of the retina results in a decrease of lenght from the optical centerand the subject therefore exhibits
a)near sightedness
b)far sightedness
c)strabismus
d)nistagmus

9)The rate of ADH secretion increases when
a)body fluid osmolartiy increases
b)a large volume of isotonic saline is drunk
c)the extracellular fluid volume is increased
d)the blood pressure is increased

10)Cortisol stimulates synthesis in the liver of
a)glucokinase
b)phosphofructo kinase
c)pyruvate carboxylase
d)pyruvate kinase

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[dent02]

1)When a brief period of hysterical hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis tetany might caused by sudden decrease in which of the following?
a)total serum
b)ionized serum
c)citrate bound
d)serum protein-bound

2)Which of the folowing best characterizes a steriod hormone?
a)stored in secretory granules
b)binds to intracellular receptors
c)synthesized in a precursor form
d)acts by generating a second messenger
e)Usually transported unbound in plasma

3)A person who has a long history of anabolic steriod abuse but has recently stopped is likely to exibit each of the following except one?
a)sterility
b)low fsh levels
c)low testosterone level
d)decreased number of spermatids

4)Which of the folling is nucleotide?
a)urate
b)uracil
c)ribose
d)adenosine
e)thymidylate

5)Tetrodotoxin blocks which of the following channels in nerve-axon membrane?
a)sodium
b)calcium
c)hydrogen
d)chloride
e)potassium

6)Total urinary nitrogen excretion is least when an individual is
a)satarving
b)on a well balanced diet
c)on a diet containing adequate fat and carbohydrate but no protein
d)on a diet containing adequate protein but no fat carbohydrate

7)Innervation of salivary gland cells in human is predominantly
a)somatic motor
b)sympathetic preganglionic
c)sympathetic postganglionic
d)parasympathetic preganglionic
e)parasympathetic posgangalionic

8)A slight detachment of the retina results in a decrease of lenght from the optical centerand the subject therefore exhibits
a)near sightedness
b)far sightedness
c)strabismus
d)nistagmus

9)The rate of ADH secretion increases when
a)body fluid osmolartiy increases
b)a large volume of isotonic saline is drunk
c)the extracellular fluid volume is increased
d)the blood pressure is increased

10)Cortisol stimulates synthesis in the liver of
a)glucokinase
b)phosphofructo kinase
c)pyruvate carboxylase
d)pyruvate kinase

4.e
1.c(not sure)
5.A
10.c (Cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis).pls correct me

2)Which of the folowing best characterizes a steriod hormone?
a)stored in secretory granules-peptides
b)binds to intracellular receptors
c)synthesized in a precursor form-peptides,steriods are syn.as needed
d)acts by generating a second messenger-peptides
e)Usually transported unbound in plasma-peptides
For steriods recepters are inside the cell and for peptides outer surface.

I guess it is b.pls correct me........

 

[thaizemelo]

1)When a brief period of hysterical hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis tetany might caused by sudden decrease in which of the following?
a)total serum
b)ionized serum
c)citrate bound
d)serum protein-bound

2)Which of the folowing best characterizes a steriod hormone?
a)stored in secretory granules
b)binds to intracellular receptors
c)synthesized in a precursor form
d)acts by generating a second messenger
e)Usually transported unbound in plasma

3)A person who has a long history of anabolic steriod abuse but has recently stopped is likely to exibit each of the following except one?
a)sterility
b)low fsh levels
c)low testosterone level
d)decreased number of spermatids

4)Which of the folling is nucleotide?
a)urate
b)uracil
c)ribose
d)adenosine
e)thymidylate

5)Tetrodotoxin blocks which of the following channels in nerve-axon membrane?
a)sodium
b)calcium
c)hydrogen
d)chloride
e)potassium

6)Total urinary nitrogen excretion is least when an individual is
a)satarving
b)on a well balanced diet
c)on a diet containing adequate fat and carbohydrate but no protein
d)on a diet containing adequate protein but no fat carbohydrate

7)Innervation of salivary gland cells in human is predominantly
a)somatic motor
b)sympathetic preganglionic
c)sympathetic postganglionic
d)parasympathetic preganglionic
e)parasympathetic posgangalionic

8)A slight detachment of the retina results in a decrease of lenght from the optical centerand the subject therefore exhibits
a)near sightedness
b)far sightedness
c)strabismus
d)nistagmus

9)The rate of ADH secretion increases when
a)body fluid osmolartiy increases
b)a large volume of isotonic saline is drunk
c)the extracellular fluid volume is increased
d)the blood pressure is increased

10)Cortisol stimulates synthesis in the liver of
a)glucokinase
b)phosphofructo kinase
c)pyruvate carboxylase
d)pyruvate kinase

1-B
2-B
3-A
5-A
6-C
7-E
8-A
9-A
10-B

 

[drkum1]

1-B
2-B
3-A
5-A
6-C
7-E
8-A
9-A
10-B

Thank's thaizemelo & dent02. I have one more question.
1)A tetanic contration results from
a)high freguency stimulation
b)depletion of ATP in a muscle.
c)prestretching a muscle prior to stimulation
d)strong signals from the golgi tendon organ

 

[dent02]

Thank's thaizemelo & dent02

.Can someone pls help with this question.
Quote:
Originally Posted by dent02
Acetyl choline is released at allof the following expect

1.sympathetic ganglia
2.parasympathetic ganglia
3.somatic efferents to skeletal muscle
4.terminal sympathetic fibres to heart
5.terminal sympatheticfibres to adrenal medulla

is the ans 5.(answer given is 4).pls correct me

Yes I receieved reply as ans is 4.Yes correct becos beta 1 receptors excitation(increased heart rate etc.)

the terminal sympathetic fibres to adrenal medulla ,is it not NE?
I am not sure but pls let me know ................its confusing for me .

 

[drkum1]

.Can someone pls help with this question.
Quote:
Originally Posted by dent02
Acetyl choline is released at allof the following expect

1.sympathetic ganglia
2.parasympathetic ganglia
3.somatic efferents to skeletal muscle
4.terminal sympathetic fibres to heart
5.terminal sympatheticfibres to adrenal medulla

is the ans 5.(answer given is 4).pls correct me

Yes I receieved reply as ans is 4.Yes correct becos beta 1 receptors excitation(increased heart rate etc.)


the terminal sympathetic fibres to adrenal medulla ,is it not NE?
I am not sure but pls let me know ................its confusing for me .

I guess the answer is 4.

 

[dent02]

Thank's thaizemelo & dent02. I have one more question.
1)A tetanic contration results from
a)high freguency stimulation
b)depletion of ATP in a muscle.
c)prestretching a muscle prior to stimulation
d)strong signals from the golgi tendon organ

not sure though,Repeated stimulus (and not high frequency stimulation )coses,more Ca hence from SR hence more tension is generated by the muscle.So golgi tendon organ detect muscle tension and so ans.d.pls correct me

 

[dent02]

not sure though,Repeated stimulus (and not high frequency stimulation )coses,more Ca hence from SR hence more tension is generated by the muscle.So golgi tendon organ detect muscle tension and so ans.d.pls correct me

Any inputs for this answer will be helpfull.

thx

 

[dent02]

1-B
2-B
3-A
5-A
6-C
7-E
8-A
9-A
10-B

Hi,

for Q.10 is it not pyruvate carboxylase .Phosophofructokinase-2 controls both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver.And also I found this in the net

.) Cortisol Cortisol is a steroid hormone that signals long term stress. The stress could be anxiety, fear, pain, infections, chronic low blood glucose levels. Cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex. Cortisol acts on muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Cortisol is a slow acting hormone that alters metabolism by changing the expression of the genes of metabolic enzymes. All steroid hormones pass through the cell’s plasmamembrane and the nuclear envelope and bind to nuclear receptors that regulate the expression of specific genes. In the adipose tissue, cortisol stimulates the release of fatty acids from triacylglycerol stores. Cortisol stimulates the breakdown of muscle proteins and increases the rate of the export of amino acids to the liver to be used in gluconeogenesis. Cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis by increasing the cellular concentration of pyruvate carboxylase in the liver tissue.

pls correct me if wrong

 

[dent02]

Hi,

for Q.10 is it not pyruvate carboxylase .Phosophofructokinase-2 controls both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver.And also I found this in the net

.) Cortisol Cortisol is a steroid hormone that signals long term stress. The stress could be anxiety, fear, pain, infections, chronic low blood glucose levels. Cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex. Cortisol acts on muscle, liver and adipose tissue. Cortisol is a slow acting hormone that alters metabolism by changing the expression of the genes of metabolic enzymes. All steroid hormones pass through the cell’s plasmamembrane and the nuclear envelope and bind to nuclear receptors that regulate the expression of specific genes. In the adipose tissue, cortisol stimulates the release of fatty acids from triacylglycerol stores. Cortisol stimulates the breakdown of muscle proteins and increases the rate of the export of amino acids to the liver to be used in gluconeogenesis. Cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis by increasing the cellular concentration of pyruvate carboxylase in the liver tissue.

pls correct me if wrong

Someone pls reply!!!

 

[celestial]

hey dent02.....

acetyl choline receptors are not present in heart....answer is 4,
heart doesnot have chemical synapse...it has electrical synapse,
acetylcholine is present where there is chemical synapses.....
i hope this answers your question...

 

[dent02]

hey dent02.....

acetyl choline receptors are not present in heart....answer is 4,
heart doesnot have chemical synapse...it has electrical synapse,
acetylcholine is present where there is chemical synapses.....
i hope this answers your question...

thank you.I was confussed as NT for adrenal medulla is Norepinephrine,but then it is not (it is Ach).In regard to heart i was sure but for adrenal medulla it was confusing.

Can you pls........... help me with other two more questions regarding

10)Cortisol stimulates synthesis in the liver of
a)glucokinase
b)phosphofructo kinase
c)pyruvate carboxylase
d)pyruvate kinase

Ans.C

1)A tetanic contration results from

a)high freguency stimulation
b)depletion of ATP in a muscle.
c)prestretching a muscle prior to stimulation
d)strong signals from the golgi tendon organ



not sure though,Repeated stimulus (and not high frequency stimulation )coses,more Ca hence from SR hence more tension is generated by the muscle.So golgi tendon organ detect muscle tension and so ans.d.pls correct me.

 

[celestial]

tetany is caused when there is excess of free calcium in the interoir of a muscle.....
so this happens when there are repeated electrical events in comparison to the mechanical events.....muscle is receiving more stimulus for muscle contraction...it will cause more release of free calcium....hence causing tetany.....so answer should be (a )choice...frequency is related to number of stimulus .....so more frequency ,more will be the release of calcium ions...hence causing tetany..
correct me if i am wrong...

 

[dent02]

tetany is caused when there is excess of free calcium in the interoir of a muscle.....
so this happens when there are repeated electrical events in comparison to the mechanical events.....muscle is receiving more stimulus for muscle contraction...it will cause more release of free calcium....hence causing tetany.....so answer should be (a )choice...frequency is related to number of stimulus .....so more frequency ,more will be the release of calcium ions...hence causing tetany..
correct me if i am wrong...

Can you please let me know your input for the other question tooooo.(Cortisol stimulates.............in the liver..........)

I searched the net ,I feel the answer is more towards pyruvate carboxylase.(Cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis) pls ............let me know if I am correct.If wrong pls let me know the explaination.
Someone help me the with the Cortisol question.pls.......................

thank you

 

[celestial]

i think pyruvate carboxylase is the correct choice.....
if we see the function of cortisol...it promotes gluconeogeneseis...the process of gluconeogenesis is reverse of glycolitic pathway and krebs cycle is also involved....
now there are three irreversible reactions in the cycle of glycolisis ....those are at level of pyruvatekinase, glucokinase and phosphofuuctikinase......
these three are the other choices...so why cortisol will promote the synthesis of such enzymes which are not helpful in glucneogenesis ...answer pyruvate carboxylase comes out to be correct....

 

[dent02]

i think pyruvate carboxylase is the correct choice.....
if we see the function of cortisol...it promotes gluconeogeneseis...the process of gluconeogenesis is reverse of glycolitic pathway and krebs cycle is also involved....
now there are three irreversible reactions in the cycle of glycolisis ....those are at level of pyruvatekinase, glucokinase and phosphofuuctikinase......
these three are the other choices...so why cortisol will promote the synthesis of such enzymes which are not helpful in glucneogenesis ...answer pyruvate carboxylase comes out to be correct....

thank you!!