I have heard that pathology in China is very lucrative jerry19800218, why do you want to come to Australia?
The job market for pathologists in Australia is quite poor at the moment. Many newly graduated locally trained pathologists and experienced foreign trained pathologists are having a hard time finding work in the major cities.
txm88's description is quite accurate, most foreign trained pathologists who want to obtain a Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) fellowship are required to do at least 1-2 years of additional training and they then have to sit multiple exams. I know one pathologist from India who has been unable to find a job in Melbourne after completing two years of additional training and obtaining her fellowship. Please be aware that the RCPA exams are brutal; most people fail one or more of them. I don't know how they compare to the Chinese exams but they are much harder than the US board exams (I have done both the Australian and US exams).
Finding an area of need position and applying under the AON pathway would potentially allow you to work as a consultant pathologist faster (providing that the RCPA allows you to do this) but AON positions are extremely rare unless you are willing to work in a regional lab. Working in a regional lab is dangerous since you have few colleagues to show cases to. Also, it is very difficult to successfully complete the RCPA exams when you are studying on your own. I know a US trained pathologist who came to Australia and worked at a regional lab and was unable to complete the college exams over a number of years. His supervisor fired him (because of all the exam failures) and he was required to work as a registrar for a year in order to get his RCPA fellowship.