Can someone please explain to me countercurrent exchange and if you can also explain to me concurrent exchange and why it's not used for respiratory sytem of bony fishes? Thanks!
okay I'll tell you what I know.
countercurrent exchange is in fish's gills (I don't know why not in bony fish). It is due to the lower solubility of oxygen in water. To be able to extract more oxygen, this mechanism is used; water and blood are moving in opposite directions to increase the extraction of oxygen from water. Dissolved gases diffuse faster between fluids with a large difference in gas concentration (a high concentration gradient) than between fluids with only a small difference.
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