That article is deceptive. First off, 80 hours per week during medical school? I'm quite certain the average medical school student does not study 80 hours per week. In addition, they're undercounting teacher hours as teachers spend a large chunk of their non-classroom time lesson planning, grading papers, etc. Finally, taxes don't work that way. You don't just multiply your gross income by your tax bracket. The tax system in the US is progressive which leaves a lot more expendable income for the physician. After taking into account job security, I'd say physicians have it much better than teachers.
Now that's not to say that physician incomes are too high as I believe they've earned every cent, but the article tries to paint physician income in a light that I don't agree with.