encephalitis

[Miracoli]

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A 60yrs old man with long standing HIV and confusion is diagnosed with HIV-associated dementia. In this pt the most likely cells that are "productively" infected with this virus are
a) neurons
b) oligodendrocytes
c) microglial cells
d) all of the above
e) none

 

[Modeselektor]

c

 

[AscorbicA]

HIV encephalitis is caused by infection of macrophages and microglia in Brain.
C.

 

[Transposony]

Once a Macrophage (Padwan) passes USMLE (training & test), it specializes into following (Jedi):

Central Nervous System: Microglia

Liver: Kupffer cell

Bone: Osteoclast

Lungs: PAM-Pulmonary Alveolar macrophage (dust cell)

Kidney: Intraglomerular Mesangial cell (derived from smooth muscle cells, not monocytes, even though they do have phagocytic activity) Thanks alicealicealice

Skin and Mucosa: Langerhans cell

Connective Tissues: Tissue macrophage (Histiocyte)

Lymph node: Sinus histiocytes

Granuloma: Epithelioid cell & Giant cell

Spleen (Red Pulp): Sinusoidal lining cells

Placenta: ? Hofbauer cell

Macrophages are derived from Monocytes (Younglings)

 

[Brain Bucket]

Not bad. You almost got all the major ones!

 

[Miracoli]

CC is correct.
Brain macrophages and microglial cells are productively infected with HIV and involved in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HIV also appears to infect astrocytes, but there is little evidence that HIV infects neurons or oligodendrocytes.

 

[Transposony]

Not bad. You almost got all the major ones!

Almost

 

[Brain Bucket]

Almost

TBMs and Foam cells, just off the top of my head 😛

 

[Transposony]

TBMs and Foam cells, just off the top of my head 😛

I had this nagging feeling that I was missing something

 

[alicealicealice]

I think mesangial cells are derived from smooth muscle, not monocytes, even though they do have phagocytic activity

 

[Transposony]

I think mesangial cells are derived from smooth muscle, not monocytes, even though they do have phagocytic activity

Well caught. They seems to be like Darth Sidious.