Is it ethical to go beyond your capacity and training in an attempt to save a life?
If the other option is that life won't be saved at all anyway? I mean if the patient had the capacity (and maybe he does), what do you think he would say.
With the pregnant woman/c-section case you have to balance delivering the baby against contributing to the death of the mother due to a botched operation. If you wind up with a dead mother and a dead baby, what is your defense? Some may even question whether your intervention was necessary in the first place (there are certainly cases where a woman has been told she must have a c-section, she refuses, and the baby is safely delivered vaginally).
I don't think that compares. We are not operating against this patient's will and we are not balancing two lives. Assuming our patient is unconscious is it reasonable to assume that he would choose a drunken surgeon over a certain death? I think it is. The only life that is at stake is his.
Now if he had said before he became unconscious to not operate when the option was presented, then of course you respect his wishes.
I think that it is unethical to operate on a patient while impaired by drugs or alcohol. I think that it is unethical to take a scalpel to a patient's belly if you haven't received the training to do so. I think it is unethical to do so even if being supervised by a physician who is impaired (drunk). I think that it is better to do nothing and lose the patient through no fault of one's own than to do something that one is unqualified to do and cause the death of the patient. Maybe I'm just risk adverse. I know I'm not ballsy enough to be a surgeon (OB included).
Well, no one is saying you should allow 3rd year students to operate on you with drunken supervision or that a drunk doctor should operate at the local OR.
But, we're saying, you had a few to drink, and are clearly not in a medical environment and this patient will die unless you choose to do something. Now, impaired and considering the environment, let's say the patient has a 99% chance of death. He likely has a much less chance of death even with an impaired surgeon, but for the sake of argument. I don't see how it's unethical to say that 5% survival is less ethical than 0% just because the former isn't done by the ideal person and conditions.
Or rather, put it this way. You are the patient. You are having X trouble on an island. There is no hope of getting you anywhere and there is a surgeon there (and a med student). Surgeon says he's had a few and he isn't fit to operate. But if he doesn't, you will die. If he does, you might still die, and maybe probably will die.
Would you choose certain death or maybe death? I'd be shocked if you would, because I'd tell the surgeon 'Dude, get your goddamn knife out already.'
I don't see why it's ethical to let the patient die against their wishes - because it's reasonable to assume that the patient would take the small chance at life rather than zero (and even if he wasn't in a state to explicitly give permission, how many would chose certain death?).....