ethics q: you're an attending and...

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johndoe3344

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So you're an EM attending, and you're not allowed to operate on a patient unless there's a supervising physician there. Let's say that on a given day, all the physicians are gone to a conference, and they're unreachable. But due to some mix-up or another, the EMTs bring in a patient suffering from major trauma to the hospital where you're at. If he doesn't get operated on, he will die. He'll most likely die enroute if he's to be transported to another facility. You're capable of operating, but you're not technically allowed to do so. If you do it anyways, and the patient dies, you and the hospital can suffer severe legal liabilities.

What do you do?
 
The rules are there for a reason. They are not there to torture doctors that are not fully trained.

How do you know that you are fully prepared? The rules are the rules, and they are there to make sure that you fully know what you are doing before running into this situation as an attending.
 
Wait? An attending that can't operate? Are you referring to the fact that he/she is an EM physician and thus can't perform duties as a surgeon?
 
It may not be the answer my interviewer wants to hear, but I'm 100% sure I'd do it anyway. It sounds like I'm the patient's only chance at survival, and he'd die without my help. If I kill him in the process of trying to help out, I'll be in a **** ton of trouble, yes - BUT I can't ignore the chance that he may live with my help. From the patient's point of view, he has nothing to lose, so that's that.
 
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It may not be the answer my interviewer may want to hear, but I'm 100% sure I'd do it anyway. It sounds like I'm the patient's only chance at survival, and he'd die without my help. If I kill him in the process of trying to help out, I'll be in a **** ton of trouble, yes - BUT I can't ignore the chance that he may live with my help. From the patient's point of view, he has nothing to lose, so that's that.
dude. are you serious. that's reckless.
 
question is worded poorly. i retract my answer cause i read it wrong.
 
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Umm. I would definitely do something. I would HIGHLY doubt the family of the patient who was certain to die without care would be upset that I attempted to save their loved one's life instead of just standing there and watching them die since "no one else was around".
 
So you're an EM attending, and you're not allowed to operate on a patient unless there's a supervising physician there. Let's say that on a given day, all the physicians are gone to a conference, and they're unreachable. But due to some mix-up or another, the EMTs bring in a patient suffering from major trauma to the hospital where you're at. If he doesn't get operated on, he will die. He'll most likely die enroute if he's to be transported to another facility. You're capable of operating, but you're not technically allowed to do so. If you do it anyways, and the patient dies, you and the hospital can suffer severe legal liabilities.

What do you do?

Sounds like you should operate. How could it possibly turn out worse than death? Doesn't the hippocratic oath state that you'll do whatever is best for the patient? Letting somebody die without even trying to save them sounds pretty ****in bad.
 
laugh at me if you want but i think i saw this on one of the TV medical shows (scrubs)? and they said that the proper ethical guideline is that you do the operation, so there may be a little truth in that.
 
dude. are you serious. that's reckless.

Are you serious, or just f'in around? You'd really rather just watch the guy die than make an attempt to save him? Nice.
 
Umm... did you mean an EM resident? Generally, an EM attending is going to be able to handle most life-threatening emergencies and is trained and licensed to do so. I'm not exactly 100% familiar with the limits of an EM doc's scope of practice, but it seems unlikely an EM attending would truly have no options. A resident, perhaps, but an attending?
In this situation, I think you would have to check whether it is possible to bring in an appropriate specialist. If it is not possible, you may have to refuse the patient. I am unsure of how this would occur, though, as the protocols, at least here, require the hospital to okay a patient prior to transport to the hospital. You (EMS) cannot simply transport a patient to a hospital and drop him/her off. If the hospital personnel do not believe they can handle such a patient, they request the patient be sent to another facility.
Assuming, however, that the patient was at our door, I believe if I were in that situation as an EM attending somehow unable to work on that patient myself, I would instruct my team to do all we could to stabilize the patient. We would then prepare the helicopter and do an emergency transport to one of the major facilities (i.e., a level 1 trauma or the burn center; where I work now is a level 2 trauma center) in the next metro area over.
 
It may not be the answer my interviewer may want to hear, but I'm 100% sure I'd do it anyway. It sounds like I'm the patient's only chance at survival, and he'd die without my help. If I kill him in the process of trying to help out, I'll be in a **** ton of trouble, yes - BUT I can't ignore the chance that he may live with my help. From the patient's point of view, he has nothing to lose, so that's that.
From the patient's, and his/her family's, point of view, any mistake that you make will make them millionaires. An EM physician operating without surgical training/board certification in surgery? It will be a field day for the malpractice lawyers. I mean, if this occurred at some rural area where somehow you had the tools to operate but no other doctor possibly available to save the patient in time, maybe I can understand. But doing so on a patient brought to the hospital? I would not risk it.

Also, I thought that there would always be a surgeon in house? Aren't hospitals set up in a way to reduce what the OP suggested as much as possible?
 
there is no right or wrong answer. However there is a right or wrong reason.

Answer A: knowing the consequences, you do the surgery - hopefully you have a clear idea of what you will be doing, how you will be doing, and how it should play out - you try to be a hero - fail or succeed you're going to be in a lot of trouble. But dammit this is why you got into the profession in the first place.

Answer B: you follow the rules, the daisys smell fresh the next morning, no paperwork, no turmoil. and you are okay with living with regret.
 
Umm. I would definitely do something. I would HIGHLY doubt the family of the patient who was certain to die without care would be upset that I attempted to save their loved one's life instead of just standing there and watching them die since "no one else was around".

Actually, this has been tested before and in some cases the family, while initially grateful, found later that they could sue and got greedy and sued the crap out of the healthcare provider (despite the provider successfully saving their daughter in one case I can think of). Basically, if you have not been certified or licensed to do something and do it anyway, you will be held to the standard of a "subject matter expert" in a court of law. This is why it's so dangerous to go outside your scope of practice at any level.

Also, I thought that there would always be a surgeon in house? Aren't hospitals set up in a way to reduce what the OP suggested as much as possible?
Depends on the time of day and type of hospital. Oftentimes, with less busy ERs you have on-call surgeons and specialists who will come in if needed but, of course, will probably take 15-30 min to get there. As a result, I could see this happening in a semi-rural or rural hospital with only one doc on duty. The surgeon might be a 15 min drive and take 15 min to get out of the house at 2:30am when this pt is brought to the hospital. Perhaps the EMTs did a poor job of describing pt's condition and the ER doc thought he'd just need some minor bleeding control and pain meds (i.e., nothing major) but it turned out he had a life-threatening injury the EMTs missed or neglected to mention. The surgeon then didn't get the call until 2:35am (2:05am arrival of EMTs on scene and 2:30am arrival at hospital) and the surgeon ends up arriving at the hospital at 3:20am after being pulled over by a cop for speeding to get to the hospital to help (yes, that has happened here). At 3:20am, the pt is critical and the OR has been prepped. The surgeon begins operating at 3:25am and we've missed the golden hour (and then some). Of course, had the EMTs communicated with the hospital more effectively, this could all have been avoided. As a result, the legal negligence lies pretty much entirely on EMS in this scenario.
 
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Answer B: you follow the rules, the daisys smell fresh the next morning, no paperwork, no turmoil. and you are okay with living with regret.

Lol, cold blooded.

Seriously, I have no medical training and I would still do anything in my power (within reason) to save somebody that would definitely die without my help.
 
Actually, this has been tested before and in some cases the family, while initially grateful, found later that they could sue and got greedy and sued the crap out of the healthcare provider (despite the provider successfully saving their daughter in one case I can think of). Basically, if you have not been certified or licensed to do something and do it anyway, you will be held to the standard of a "subject matter expert" in a court of law. This is why it's so dangerous to go outside your scope of practice at any level.

Yeah, I was thinking of this while I was writing my response; but at the same time I would not be able to just stand there and watch them die when I thought I might be able to do something.
 
Are you serious, or just f'in around? You'd really rather just watch the guy die than make an attempt to save him? Nice.
i would rather keep my license so i can save more lives in the future.

oh, and keeping my house would be nice too.
 
i would rather keep my license so i can save more lives in the future.

oh, and keeping my house would be nice too.

Practicing without insurance huh, is that even legal?

Either way, that's cruel but I understand where you're coming from. I just don't think too many of us could sit there and watch a guy bleed to death when we know exactly what we "should" be doing to help him.
 
Lol, cold blooded.

Seriously, I have no medical training and I would still do anything in my power (within reason) to save somebody that would definitely die without my help.
To be honest, I'm kinda surprised that you would attempt surgery without training/certification. Based on previous posts I've seen from you, you want to reap the rewards of medicine (ie. the money, etc). There's nothing wrong with that of course; I'm just surprised that you would risk losing everything by performing something out of your scope of practice.

Edit: I would ideally want to help the person, but in the litigious society we live in, I'd rather not go through the hell of getting sued for attempting to save a patient and put all the hard work I put in to waste.
 
Ignoring the entire "You're an attending, but OMG for some strange reason you can't act" part of the scenario, I don't see what the physician is going to be sued for. Negligence/malpractice? I think you'd have a hard time convincing a jury that your actions killed someone who was doomed to die had you not acted. Factual causation and all that.

Why do people insist on phrasing ethical questions in some absurd scenario? All it does is take all the delicate intricacies of the discussion and shove them out of the way to distract you with non-sense.

The fact is, legal liability starts increasing as you move further and further out of your area of competency. While it's often abused, it's not some arbitrary line drawn to keep physicians from acting when they're competent to do so...
 
First of all, this could never happen. Page your attending (i think the OP meant that you're a resident and the attending isn't in house), and do everything you can until he/she gets there. If it's bad enough, your attending will leave whatever conference or free lunch he/she's in. You can do a lot of supportive care without surgery and even without a license to practice. If it's recent, start new supportive interventions. If a lot has already been done, continue where the EMTs left off. Just keep supporting until your attending gets there.

If there is no department to operate on this patient at your hospital either because it's not a level 1 trauma center, or because they need more specialized care, transfer them. That's why level 1 trauma centers are set up. EMTs and other hospitals are supposed to send these types of patients to them. If they die enroute, it's not your fault. Sometimes the circumstances give patients very little chance to survive, and your training level/hospital's structure are not set up to save this patient.
 
So you're an EM attending, and you're not allowed to operate on a patient unless there's a supervising physician there. Let's say that on a given day, all the physicians are gone to a conference, and they're unreachable. But due to some mix-up or another, the EMTs bring in a patient suffering from major trauma to the hospital where you're at. If he doesn't get operated on, he will die. He'll most likely die enroute if he's to be transported to another facility. You're capable of operating, but you're not technically allowed to do so. If you do it anyways, and the patient dies, you and the hospital can suffer severe legal liabilities.

What do you do?

What the heck does "you're capable of operating" even mean? EM doesn't really involve operations in the context you're describing; that falls to the trauma surgery team.
 
Ignoring the entire "You're an attending, but OMG for some strange reason you can't act" part of the scenario, I don't see what the physician is going to be sued for. Negligence/malpractice? I think you'd have a hard time convincing a jury that your actions killed someone who was doomed to die had you not acted. Factual causation and all that.

Why do people insist on phrasing ethical questions in some absurd scenario? All it does is take all the delicate intricacies of the discussion and shove them out of the way to distract you with non-sense.

The fact is, legal liability starts increasing as you move further and further out of your area of competency. While it's often abused, it's not some arbitrary line drawn to keep physicians from acting when they're competent to do so...
Surgery is out of scope for an EM attending. In an ideal world, the jury would be understanding of you trying to save this guy even if you didn't have the expertise. Unfortunately, this is not an ideal world. So, performing something so out-of-scope as trauma surgery will leave you open for a lawsuit where it would be pretty easy to convince the jury that you did not have training/expertise in surgery and proceeded to do so anyway rather than transfer the patient or wait for a surgeon.
 
What the heck does "you're capable of operating" even mean? EM doesn't really involve operations in the context you're describing; that falls to the trauma surgery team.


^one of many confusing points in the OP's scenario... lol. I assumed s/he simply meant that the EM doc couldn't do surgery but upon rereading it, it appears s/he is stating this attending actually could perform surgery if a trauma surgeon were supervising...😕 ...Though I have no idea why that attending wouldn't simply hand that pt off to his/her surgeon colleague...
 
^one of many confusing points in the OP's scenario... lol. I assumed s/he simply meant that the EM doc couldn't do surgery but upon rereading it, it appears s/he is stating this attending actually could perform surgery if a trauma surgeon were supervising...😕 ...Though I have no idea why that attending wouldn't simply hand that pt off to his/her surgeon colleague...
Yea, it's a bit confusing. I don't think attendings of different specialties can do surgery even if a supervising surgeon is there. Like you said, why wouldn't the surgeon just do it then?
 
I believe OP is merely referring to a scenario in which you are trained to perform some function, but are not authorized to do so without supervision. If supervision is not available, but a patient's life depends upon your performance of that function, do you proceed?

My personal feeling is that the answer is and always will be yes. From the standpoint of hospital administration and legal counsel, perhaps not. But this is not a legal or administrative question. This is an ethical question.
 
This thread is funny.

Reminds me of a story:

A doctor and his wife are traveling on a plane for their vacation. All of a sudden, they hear commotion from the front of the plane. The flight attendant gets on the mic, and asks for a doctor to the front of the plane for a medical emergency. The doctor's wife, turns to him and says, "You're a doctor, go help them." The doctor replies, "Honey, I'm a radiologist; I haven't seen a real patient in 20 years. What do you want me to do? Read his imaginary x-ray."

Anyways, back on topic; the EM attending could do everything in his SCOPE OF PRACTICE to prolong the life of the patient until the trauma surgeon/team arrived on scene. If the patient dies before the team arrives; well tough luck. You would be a stupid attending to start "operating" if you are not licensed to as you would probably #1. get sued, #2. lose your license, and #3. look like an idiot.
 
Setting aside ethical concerns for a moment:

the EM physician would never get anywhere near the operating room, except as an observer. Even with a "supervising" surgeon (whatever that is), he is not likely to even be able to assist.

OR privileges require a lengthy process of credentialing and verification of training in general surgery or a surgery subspecialty. An EM physician could get credentialed as a surgical assistant, but that's it unless he had, in a former life, also completed a surgical residency (and in most places was either Board Eligible or Board Certified in surgery).

Even someone trained as a surgeon cannot just rock up to any old OR and operate. You must be credentialed and be offered privileges by the respective hospital. Patients have a hard time understanding why I can't operate at any old hospital in town I (read: they) want.

Many hospitals won't even allow Chief residents to bring a patient to the OR until the attending has been seen in-house and ready to go.

So, no...the EM physician is not going to be taking the patient to the OR. Medical malpractice and hospital liability aside, it just ain't gonna happen.

Secondly, may I ask: what would the EM physician DO once he got to the OR (since we are considering some wildly far-out scenario here)? Since none of you have completed a 3rd year surgical rotation, let me explain: you don't learn by watching. EM physicians are wonderful but they are not surgeons and there HAVE been cases of litigation and loss of license when some cowboy has open a chest or belly without a surgeon around, found a surgical problem and then didn't know what to do. That is NOT saving the patient. If the patient needs a surgeon and none is available, your job (as the EM physician) is to stabilize the patient as much as possible and if safe, transport to the patient to a facility where the proper care can be rendered. If you cannot stabilize the patient or it is not safe to transport and you cannot get an appropriate specialist, the patient either lives or dies, but you have done your job (which is not to operate).

So, outside of the pure fantasy of this scenario is the very real problem that without operative privileges (which are not given to EM physicians) this patient is not going to the OR with the EM physician. Even having a surgeon around does not mean that the EM physician is allowed to operate outside of his scope of practice.

I have some vague memory of this being a popular scenario when I was a med student and whenever the pre-med stated that, "of course I would take him to the operating room and try to save his life", the interviewer always blasted him with some sort of variation on the theme of, "and WHAT would you DO when you got him there Doctor?" There is room for being assertive, but no room for being a dangerous cowboy. FAIL.
 
I believe OP is merely referring to a scenario in which you are trained to perform some function, but are not authorized to do so without supervision. If supervision is not available, but a patient's life depends upon your performance of that function, do you proceed?

My personal feeling is that the answer is and always will be yes. From the standpoint of hospital administration and legal counsel, perhaps not. But this is not a legal or administrative question. This is an ethical question.

Ok, so its an ethical question.

Is it right to attempt to do something you have no idea HOW to do? When you know that such intervention might not only hasten death?

I would counter that it is not safe (and not even considering legal issues) and that the patient has a better chance of surviving with medical management and transfer to a tertiary care facility than with someone who might be able to open the belly/chest but not know how to fix anything once he did.

You end up opening a traumatic hematoma and the patient bleeds out before you can do anything. An EM physician would not be expected to know these specifics and could end up hurting the patient more than helping. There are surgical guidelines about what to do with major traumatic injuries that I would not expect anyone outside of surgery to know (and we haven't even begun to address the fact that the EM physician would not know how to stop retrocaval bleeding or the best way to remove the spleen, etc.).

I vote stabilize, consult, transfer when appropriate and do the best you can with your training, skills and equipment. Some patients will still die. As long as you've done the above, you've proven yourself a good physician. Operating outside of the scope of your practice isn't wise and may cause more harm.
 
Setting aside ethical concerns for a moment:

the EM physician would never get anywhere near the operating room, except as an observer. Even with a "supervising" surgeon (whatever that is), he is not likely to even be able to assist.

OR privileges require a lengthy process of credentialing and verification of training in general surgery or a surgery subspecialty. An EM physician could get credentialed as a surgical assistant, but that's it unless he had, in a former life, also completed a surgical residency (and in most places was either Board Eligible or Board Certified in surgery).

Even someone trained as a surgeon cannot just rock up to any old OR and operate. You must be credentialed and be offered privileges by the respective hospital. Patients have a hard time understanding why I can't operate at any old hospital in town I (read: they) want.

Many hospitals won't even allow Chief residents to bring a patient to the OR until the attending has been seen in-house and ready to go.

So, no...the EM physician is not going to be taking the patient to the OR. Medical malpractice and hospital liability aside, it just ain't gonna happen.

Secondly, may I ask: what would the EM physician DO once he got to the OR (since we are considering some wildly far-out scenario here)? Since none of you have completed a 3rd year surgical rotation, let me explain: you don't learn by watching. EM physicians are wonderful but they are not surgeons and there HAVE been cases of litigation and loss of license when some cowboy has open a chest or belly without a surgeon around, found a surgical problem and then didn't know what to do. That is NOT saving the patient. If the patient needs a surgeon and none is available, your job (as the EM physician) is to stabilize the patient as much as possible and if safe, transport to the patient to a facility where the proper care can be rendered. If you cannot stabilize the patient or it is not safe to transport and you cannot get an appropriate specialist, the patient either lives or dies, but you have done your job (which is not to operate).

So, outside of the pure fantasy of this scenario is the very real problem that without operative privileges (which are not given to EM physicians) this patient is not going to the OR with the EM physician. Even having a surgeon around does not mean that the EM physician is allowed to operate outside of his scope of practice.

I have some vague memory of this being a popular scenario when I was a med student and whenever the pre-med stated that, "of course I would take him to the operating room and try to save his life", the interviewer always blasted him with some sort of variation on the theme of, "and WHAT would you DO when you got him there Doctor?" There is room for being assertive, but no room for being a dangerous cowboy. FAIL.
😍
 
There is room for being assertive, but no room for being a dangerous cowboy. FAIL.
👍

Operating outside of the scope of your practice isn't wise and may cause more harm.
👍

As a 1st year, 1st day resident, would to try to operate without being trained? What about 2nd day? What about 2nd year? The line is drawn when you get your certification and privileges from a hospital for a reason.
 
Ok, so its an ethical question.

Is it right to attempt to do something you have no idea HOW to do? When you know that such intervention might not only hasten death?

You're capable of operating, but you're not technically allowed to do so.

The made-up scenario is too confusing by mixing specialties. The crux of the question is whether you do something you know you can do, need to do in order to save a life, but are legally constrained not to do.

The better scenario is a visiting surgeon who knows how to do a one-of-a-kind operation which could save a life but doesn't have the coverage or privileges to legally perform it.
 
tkim said:
The better scenario is a visiting surgeon who knows how to do a one-of-a-kind operation which could save a life but doesn't have the coverage or privileges to legally perform it.

Ok...Let's extend or change the scenario a bit (just for my amusement):

there are several surgical procedures or specialties which require additional privileges, ie, just because you've done a general surgery residency, it doesn't mean you can do anything you want. Common examples of things NOT included in general surgery privileges would be advanced laparoscopy, sentinel node biopsy, plastics and vascular surgery.

So what if I happened to be at the hospital rounding on patients when a ruptured AAA comes in and for some reason every other surgeon in town is in Jamaica at a conference? I don't have Vascular Surgery privileges but I've done a AAA repair before. I don't really remember how but I could put the clamps on, get to the aorta, repair it, etc. It wouldn't be as good as a Vascular surgeon, but maybe it would help.

Do I do it?

What if, as tkim's example notes, I am a Vascular Surgeon, but don't have privileges? Maybe I have admitting privileges but am no longer allowed to operate (for whatever reason). Or maybe I just happened to be visiting a relative in the hospital where I don't have privileges?
 
What the heck does "you're capable of operating" even mean? EM doesn't really involve operations in the context you're describing; that falls to the trauma surgery team.

Surgery is out of scope for an EM attending. ...So, performing something so out-of-scope as trauma surgery ...not have training/expertise in surgery and proceeded to do so anyway rather than transfer the patient or wait for a surgeon.

I believe OP is merely referring to a scenario in which you are trained to perform some function, but are not authorized to do so without supervision.

...This is an ethical question.
the EM physician would never get anywhere near the operating room, except as an observer...

...Even someone trained as a surgeon cannot just rock up to any old OR and operate...

Many hospitals won't even allow Chief residents to bring a patient to the OR until the attending has been seen in-house and ready to go.

So, no...the EM physician is not going to be taking the patient to the OR...

Secondly, may I ask: what would the EM physician DO once he got to the OR (since we are considering some wildly far-out scenario here)? ...EM physicians are wonderful but they are not surgeons ...when some cowboy ...found a surgical problem and then didn't know what to do. That is NOT saving the patient. If the patient needs a surgeon and none is available, your job (as the EM physician) is to stabilize the patient as much as possible and if safe, transport to the patient to a facility where the proper care can be rendered. If you cannot stabilize the patient or it is not safe to transport and you cannot get an appropriate specialist, the patient either lives or dies, but you have done your job...

So, outside of the pure fantasy of this scenario...

...There is room for being assertive, but no room for being a dangerous cowboy...
I just happened to be reading this thread and must concur with WS. The question speaks of vast ignorance. It makes for some good bravado talk over beers as one celebrates being accepted into medical school and talking about how you'll be a doctor "doing everything possible to save lives"....

A patient arriving at the ED requiring a trauma surgeon will not be saved by an ED resident or physician somehow becoming the heroe. Not only does the system not work that way, but life does not work that way. There are a few "surgical procedures" a ED/EMT/etc... can perform on a trauma patient to save their life....
1. get an airway (intubate/crich/etc...), 2. fluid resuscitate, 3. chest tube, 4. turniquette/direct pressure

"operating" requires training and practice. An ED physician, trained in the USA system has very limited experience and training in this area. Yes, if a surgeon is available in house, in some institutions, ED physician may open chest and cross-clamp aorta. But, an untrained ED physician opening chest or abdomen to perform surgery is fantasy. He/she does not have numerous liver and splean, and bowel resections of experience to deal with shattered organs in trauma. He/she does not have hundreds of vascular cases to repair lacerated major vessels. So, now super ED MD somehow gets poor joe trauma to the OR and puts a scalpel accross the belly...... what instrument does he/she ask for now? Yep, even the basics of what suture, what instrument, what retractors will all be foreign to the ED physician.....

As noted, this thread makes for fiction fantasy over beers trying to impress the ignorant... but is just that, fiction & fantasy.

JAD
 
...So what if I happened to be at the hospital rounding on patients when a ruptured AAA comes in and for some reason every other surgeon in town is in Jamaica at a conference? I don't have Vascular Surgery privileges but I've done a AAA repair before. I don't really remember how but I could put the clamps on, get to the aorta, ...Do I do it?
No. Make him/her comfortable. The mortality is huge even in properly trained hands. We as surgeons, just as everyone else should not simply act because something (even something wrong) is better then nothing. Under the conditions you have described, the patient is already dead. The only saving grace is they may have an opportunity to say goodbye to some family. That opportunity will be taken and far shortened by an attempt at futile care.

JAD
 
No. Make him/her comfortable. The mortality is huge even in properly trained hands. We as surgeons, just as everyone else should not simply act because something (even something wrong) is better then nothing. Under the conditions you have described, the patient is already dead. The only saving grace is they may have an opportunity to say goodbye to some family. That opportunity will be taken and far shortened by an attempt at futile care.

JAD

Exactly.

That was my point. Even in relatively well trained hands, the operative mortality (especially with ruptured AAAs) is so high, that I have added nothing and have possibly harmed the patient.

And that is with the knowledge that, as a surgeon, I've at least been in the belly, have done ruptured AAAs, and have some skill. BUT a ruptured AAA is outside of the scope of my practice and so I don't do it - for legal reasons obviously but also for ethical reasons: I could harm patients.

An EM physician functioning outside of the scope of his practice would be no different: not only might it not help (ie, he wouldn't know what to do after x-clamp) but you've possibly harmed the patient. Dying in an ICU full of tubes and a big scar on your belly is worse, IMHO, than dying on the gurney in the ED when everything else has been attempted.
 
Exactly.

That was my point. ...I have added nothing and have possibly harmed the patient.

...I could harm patients.
Yep. Folks unfortunately sometimes think that because a patient is dying they can do no harm to that patient no matter what they do.... You and I having actually been trained, seen numerous situations understand harm can be done even to the dying.....

There in is the true ethics. doing the ethical thing is not always easy. it is far easier for me to slice open a patient then admit there is nothing I can do. Only the ignorant will go to sleep well after there wild bill excursion believing they somehow helped the patient by.... killing them faster on a table.
 
Ok...Let's extend or change the scenario a bit (just for my amusement):

there are several surgical procedures or specialties which require additional privileges, ie, just because you've done a general surgery residency, it doesn't mean you can do anything you want. Common examples of things NOT included in general surgery privileges would be advanced laparoscopy, sentinel node biopsy, plastics and vascular surgery.

So what if I happened to be at the hospital rounding on patients when a ruptured AAA comes in and for some reason every other surgeon in town is in Jamaica at a conference? I don't have Vascular Surgery privileges but I've done a AAA repair before. I don't really remember how but I could put the clamps on, get to the aorta, repair it, etc. It wouldn't be as good as a Vascular surgeon, but maybe it would help.

Do I do it?

What if, as tkim's example notes, I am a Vascular Surgeon, but don't have privileges? Maybe I have admitting privileges but am no longer allowed to operate (for whatever reason). Or maybe I just happened to be visiting a relative in the hospital where I don't have privileges?

Don't ruptured AAA's have >50% mortality?

Does malpractice cover you if you're at a hospital where you don't have privileges...?

ETA: You guys post so quickly.
 
ps: it was the title "ethics Q" that caught my attention...
 
Don't ruptured AAA's have >50% mortality?

Does malpractice cover you if you're at a hospital where you don't have privileges...?
AAA mortalities vary depending on some important details.

Your malpractice coverage only applies according to the facilities you list when purchasing the insurance plan. Thus, residents can not "moon-light" down the street unless they or hospital purchase coverage for that facility.... In short, insurance plans cover specifics.... to include facilities you are privileged and procedures you are privileged....
 
Possible outcomes.

A. Save patient. You get nailed for regulations, fines, possibly fired. Total lives saved: 1. Your life: ruined.

B. Try to save patient. Patient dies. You get nailed for regulations, fines, possibly fired. Total lives saved: 0. Your life: ruined.

C. Do not attempt to save patient. Patient dies. You do not get nailed for regulations, fines, nor fired. You come back to work for the rest of your life. Total lives saved. 1000+. Your life's work: done.

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It'd be a great shame to waste your ENTIRE medical career for one person's life. You didn't go through med school so you could get thrown out for violating regulations and operating above your bounds.

The goal is to save AS MANY LIVES as possible. You can't save many lives if you've been fired for breaking protocol.

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I'd also like to point out that this scenario would rarely, if ever, play out in real life. Ambulances call ahead. Obviously, if your hospital has no trauma docs, you would not be accepting trauma patients, regardless of whether or not you wanted to play magical hands.
 
Ok, so its an ethical question.

Is it right to attempt to do something you have no idea HOW to do? When you know that such intervention might not only hasten death?

But you never directly answered my question. I restated OP's question as a scenario in which you are, in fact, trained, but not permitted to do so without supervision. Big difference there between that and having "no idea HOW". In that case, of course it's not right.

I would counter that it is not safe (and not even considering legal issues) and that the patient has a better chance of surviving with medical management and transfer to a tertiary care facility than with someone who might be able to open the belly/chest but not know how to fix anything once he did.

Again, you and I aren't in disagreement. We never were.

I vote stabilize, consult, transfer when appropriate and do the best you can with your training, skills and equipment. Some patients will still die. As long as you've done the above, you've proven yourself a good physician. Operating outside of the scope of your practice isn't wise and may cause more harm.

The question had nothing to do with scope. At least, as far as I interpreted it. Rather, it had to do with standing orders, or the equivalent (I come from an EMS background). If a person is trained to perform a function but not permitted to do them without supervision, that function is within their scope of practice, even if they're not privileged to perform it without supervision.
 
This thread is funny.

Reminds me of a story:

A doctor and his wife are traveling on a plane for their vacation. All of a sudden, they hear commotion from the front of the plane. The flight attendant gets on the mic, and asks for a doctor to the front of the plane for a medical emergency. The doctor's wife, turns to him and says, "You're a doctor, go help them." The doctor replies, "Honey, I'm a radiologist; I haven't seen a real patient in 20 years. What do you want me to do? Read his imaginary x-ray."

Anyways, back on topic; the EM attending could do everything in his SCOPE OF PRACTICE to prolong the life of the patient until the trauma surgeon/team arrived on scene. If the patient dies before the team arrives; well tough luck. You would be a stupid attending to start "operating" if you are not licensed to as you would probably #1. get sued, #2. lose your license, and #3. look like an idiot.
i lol'd
 
But you never directly answered my question. I restated OP's question as a scenario in which you are, in fact, trained, but not permitted to do so without supervision....

...The question had nothing to do with scope. At least, as far as I interpreted it. ...(I come from an EMS background). If a person is trained to perform a function but not permitted to do them without supervision, that function is within their scope of practice, even if they're not privileged to perform it without supervision.
The question, even restated is exceedingly artificial/fantastical. Maybe you are working in a different country in which there is a different training structure (which may be true).

An ED physician, is NOT trained to be a trauma surgeon. If, for whatever reason, an ED physician has some sort of OR privileges contingent upon having a surgeon/trauma surgeon stand-over him/her.... again argues someone is NOT trained. An ED physician that works in an ED, would not have the consistent practice of surgery (i.e. OR block time with surgeon supervision) to provide any hope of successful trauma surgery salvage under this scenario...

Finally, no trauma surgeon would step back and supervise an ED physician to perform emergent trauma surgery..... What do they tell the family, "I watched Dr. Super ED do everything possible...."

JAD
 
Yep. Folks unfortunately sometimes think that because a patient is dying they can do no harm to that patient no matter what they do.... You and I having actually been trained, seen numerous situations understand harm can be done even to the dying.....

There in is the true ethics. doing the ethical thing is not always easy. it is far easier for me to slice open a patient then admit there is nothing I can do. Only the ignorant will go to sleep well after there wild bill excursion believing they somehow helped the patient by.... killing them faster on a table.

To be fair, this concept can be difficult to grasp. Until you have actually caused harm to a patient, it is easy to be cavalier. Even when that harm is a known complication (ie, PTx from a central line) it is soul-disturbing. I've often heard non-medical people claim that malpractice suits are "no big deal" to physicians since the insurance pays. They neglect the psychological toll.

So yes, you can harm the dead and the impending dead and in the process, harm yourself as well (legally, ethically and psychologically).

But you never directly answered my question. I restated OP's question as a scenario in which you are, in fact, trained, but not permitted to do so without supervision. Big difference there between that and having "no idea HOW". In that case, of course it's not right.

Sorry...wasn't trying to misinterpret your query. As I understood it, you were referring to an EM physician as being "trained" to operate but couldn't without supervision. In that case, as I stated, the EM physician is NOT trained to operate, with or without supervision, and has "no idea how." He may be able to crack the chest and x-clamp the aorta, but then cannot go further because he has no idea how and privileges which allow it.

I think my later scenario, me doing Vascular Surgery, appears to be akin to what you are asking about. I am trained to do Vascular Surgery but do not have privileges to do so. And no, I still would not do it because in highly artificial scenarios such as the one painted, if the patient will not survive without an immediate operation, he will likely die regardless of whomever is operating on him. All I've done is hasten the death and left his family with a bloated, scarred corpse.

Again, you and I aren't in disagreement. We never were.

😕 I'm not sure where you got the idea that I thought we were.


The question had nothing to do with scope. At least, as far as I interpreted it. Rather, it had to do with standing orders, or the equivalent (I come from an EMS background). If a person is trained to perform a function but not permitted to do them without supervision, that function is within their scope of practice, even if they're not privileged to perform it without supervision.

I disagree. If you are not privileged to perform function X, then it is NOT within your scope of practice. I've never been an EMS provider so cannot comment on whether that is SOP in your business, but it is not in medicine. Perhaps it is philosophically - ie, I am trained to do surgery so that is my "scope of practice" but realistically we all have limits on our scope of practice. Even fully trained surgeons are not allowed to do every surgical procedure they want.

And I thought the OP's question DID have to do with scope of practice - although in fairness, there were so many inaccuracies/inprobabilities in the scenario that it could have been interpreted in many ways (ie, many pre-meds get the idea that EM physicians are doing trauma surgery). Culture of Grey's Anatomy/ER/Scrubs, etc.
 
I think the benefit of this thread is not one of ethics or the fantastical scenario....

Rather, I encourage all pre-meds to actually learn what different specialties do and how they arrived at that ability. It is far too uncommon for the public (and pre-meds) to be so confused. TV programs and what-not promote such a confused message. Give you some examples:

1. President mentioned pediatricians removing tonsils...
2. A lay-person once expressed they thought "cardiologists" did heart surgery
3. lay person once expressed expectation that gastroenterologist would perform anti-reflux (Nissen) procedure.
4. all the TV shows in which someone plunges large needle in center of chest of dying patient....

list goes on and on....
 
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The question, even restated is exceedingly artificial/fantastical. Maybe you are working in a different country in which there is a different training structure (which may be true).

An ED physician, is NOT trained to be a trauma surgeon. If, for whatever reason, an ED physician has some sort of OR privileges contingent upon having a surgeon/trauma surgeon stand-over him/her.... again argues someone is NOT trained. An ED physician that works in an ED, would not have the consistent practice of surgery (i.e. OR block time with surgeon supervision) to provide any hope of successful trauma surgery salvage under this scenario...

Finally, no trauma surgeon would step back and supervise an ED physician to perform emergent trauma surgery..... What do they tell the family, "I watched Dr. Super ED do everything possible...."

JAD

How about this for a scenario. You're an intern from another hospital visiting a friend. You've done 5 Lap Appys, and a patient comes in with a ruptured appendix.

Here's the kicker. A pride of lions has come into the hospital and cornered all the surgeons. On top of that, a freak accident involving surgilube and some prostitutes has taken out the landline... and oddly enough there's no cellphone reception. Oh yeah. The ambulances have been stolen by rogue ninjas, and there's a really vicious snapping turtle guarding the only entrance accessible without trying to outrun lions.
 
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