Favorite Hypofrac Schemes

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Prostate - I personally love the CHHIP/PROFIT 60/20 regimen and patients tolerate it super well
Breast - Aside from Canadian, we offer 3DCRT APBI per B-39 and have begun offering FAST-FORWARD 5-fraction (with caveats to data/followup)
Lung - We don't do much hypofrac at all, but the most I would go to is 60/24fx only for low-volume disease based on phase I CALGB 31102 data
Rectal - if organ preservation is any possibility we still prefer the higher overall dose from conventional frac, but if not then 5x5 is OK
Gliomas - Great idea to hypofrac but not much good data to my knowledge (feel free to correct me)
Bone mets - We almost never bother with 10 fractions, nearly always 4-5 Gy x 5 or 8/1

We also use 2 Gy/fx for nearly every conventional frac instead of 1.8 FWIW...
 
30 Gy in 5 IMRT APBI is amazing. The technique is easy and outlined well in the trials.

I obviously can't speak to long term control (depending upon study for that), but patients love it, it is tolerated well, easy to meet constraints for the most part. Cosmesis seems way better than whole breast.
 
Prostate - I personally love the CHHIP/PROFIT 60/20 regimen and patients tolerate it super well
Breast - Aside from Canadian, we offer 3DCRT APBI per B-39 and have begun offering FAST-FORWARD 5-fraction (with caveats to data/followup)
Lung - We don't do much hypofrac at all, but the most I would go to is 60/24fx only for low-volume disease based on phase I CALGB 31102 data
Rectal - if organ preservation is any possibility we still prefer the higher overall dose from conventional frac, but if not then 5x5 is OK
Gliomas - Great idea to hypofrac but not much good data to my knowledge (feel free to correct me)
Bone mets - We almost never bother with 10 fractions, nearly always 4-5 Gy x 5 or 8/1

We also use 2 Gy/fx for nearly every conventional frac instead of 1.8 FWIW...

Thanks. Any contouring guidelines for the 5 fraction breast regimen? I presume not treating whole breast?
 
34 Gy x 1 lung SBRT. Didn’t do it training but last centre I was at loved it for small peripheral lesions.
 
Thanks. Any contouring guidelines for the 5 fraction breast regimen? I presume not treating whole breast?
FAST-FORWARD used whole breast and they have good descriptions of contouring and constraints in the paper. But 5-fraction APBI is acceptable too per the Italian trial.
 
FAST-FORWARD used whole breast and they have good descriptions of contouring and constraints in the paper. But 5-fraction APBI is acceptable too per the Italian trial.

Certainly I'd feel more comfortable whole breast. I reviewed the paper - it seems like they also boosted? Was it SIB? They don't seem to say
 
Certainly I'd feel more comfortable whole breast. I reviewed the paper - it seems like they also boosted? Was it SIB? They don't seem to say

Sequential, 10 or 16 Gy in 2Gy/fx.

Beware, they specified the V105 for breast PTV < 5%, which can be challenging to meet for large breasted patients.
 
Prostate - I personally love the CHHIP/PROFIT 60/20 regimen and patients tolerate it super well
Breast - Aside from Canadian, we offer 3DCRT APBI per B-39 and have begun offering FAST-FORWARD 5-fraction (with caveats to data/followup)
Lung - We don't do much hypofrac at all, but the most I would go to is 60/24fx only for low-volume disease based on phase I CALGB 31102 data
Rectal - if organ preservation is any possibility we still prefer the higher overall dose from conventional frac, but if not then 5x5 is OK
Gliomas - Great idea to hypofrac but not much good data to my knowledge (feel free to correct me)
Bone mets - We almost never bother with 10 fractions, nearly always 4-5 Gy x 5 or 8/1

We also use 2 Gy/fx for nearly every conventional frac instead of 1.8 FWIW...

Prostate I prefer 70/28 or 70.2/26 but 60/20 reasonable. Obviously 36.25 - 40Gy in 5 fx SBRT is going to take off in popularity.
Breast - Livi IMRT APBI 30/5 QOD makes much more sense to me than B-39 BID fx. 5-fraction WBI also good, either weekly (FORWARD, 10-year data) or daily (FAST-FORWARD, 5-year data)
Definitive lung - 60/15 if no chemo. If good candidates, stick with 2Gy/fx. Although maybe now some will investigate 45/15 with concurrent chemo.
Rectal - agreed
Glioma - TONS of data! Remember that it's poor KPS OR Old age (> 60-65 depending on the trial) that drives almost every hypofrac study besides 25/5. 40/15 with concurrent Temodar is my STANDARD for anyone over 65, as analyses have shown better OS compared to 6 weeks of RT. 75-80% of those patients were ECOG 0-1, and the remaining were ECOG 2.
Yes, not great data for younger, good KPS GBM patients (yet - I think it's being studied bu tcan't find the trial right now)

Bone mets = 8Gy x 1. Time for bone met centers for excellence (stealing that from somebody who has used in the past - scarb?). Maybe 16x1 if dosimetry isn't busy (Single-Fraction Stereotactic vs Conventional Multifraction Radiotherapy for Pain Relief in Patients With Predominantly Nonspine Bone Metastases)
All palliation max of 20Gy in 5 fx
SBRT Lung/Liver - 54/3 if meeting constraints

Melanoma - 48/20, or KKAng 6Gy x 5 (Postoperative radiotherapy for cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck region - PubMed)

Obviously SBRT all the stuff instead of conventional fx dosing (if meeting constraints)
 
Careful with hypofractionation in the head and neck with melanoma. There's a relatively famous case of brachial plexopathy due to that dosing regimen. MDACC testified for the patient on the case, not the defending MD, despite the data coming from their institution.

All my breast surgeons do oncoplastic lumpectomy. Is there ANY way to do the Italian PBI after this kind of an operation? I would guess not.
 
Careful with hypofractionation in the head and neck with melanoma. There's a relatively famous case of brachial plexopathy due to that dosing regimen. MDACC testified for the patient on the case, not the defending MD, despite the data coming from their institution.

All my breast surgeons do oncoplastic lumpectomy. Is there ANY way to do the Italian PBI after this kind of an operation? I would guess not.

I mean... I wouldn't do it down in the neck where I thought brachial plexus might be an issue. Still requires 3D planning and evaluation of OARs/dose constraints, especially in the CT era.

No good way to do APBI after oncoplastic lumpectomy unless they're willing to put something in the cavity... Could at least ask them to put clips in: Consensus statement on tumour bed localization for radiation after oncoplastic breast surgery
 
I mean... I wouldn't do it down in the neck where I thought brachial plexus might be an issue. Still requires 3D planning and evaluation of OARs/dose constraints, especially in the CT era.

No good way to do APBI after oncoplastic lumpectomy unless they're willing to put something in the cavity... Could at least ask them to put clips in: Consensus statement on tumour bed localization for radiation after oncoplastic breast surgery

They've been putting clips in, which helps with the boost targeting. Never any cavity to do partial breast, though. Oh well.
 
Fit GBM patients --> 20 x 2.66 (add another week to the Perry-regime for elderly)
Is there any data to back it up? Nope. 😉
 
Prostate I prefer 70/28 or 70.2/26 but 60/20 reasonable. Obviously 36.25 - 40Gy in 5 fx SBRT is going to take off in popularity.
Breast - Livi IMRT APBI 30/5 QOD makes much more sense to me than B-39 BID fx. 5-fraction WBI also good, either weekly (FORWARD, 10-year data) or daily (FAST-FORWARD, 5-year data)
Definitive lung - 60/15 if no chemo. If good candidates, stick with 2Gy/fx. Although maybe now some will investigate 45/15 with concurrent chemo.
Rectal - agreed
Glioma - TONS of data! Remember that it's poor KPS OR Old age (> 60-65 depending on the trial) that drives almost every hypofrac study besides 25/5. 40/15 with concurrent Temodar is my STANDARD for anyone over 65, as analyses have shown better OS compared to 6 weeks of RT. 75-80% of those patients were ECOG 0-1, and the remaining were ECOG 2.
Yes, not great data for younger, good KPS GBM patients (yet - I think it's being studied bu tcan't find the trial right now)

Bone mets = 8Gy x 1. Time for bone met centers for excellence (stealing that from somebody who has used in the past - scarb?). Maybe 16x1 if dosimetry isn't busy (Single-Fraction Stereotactic vs Conventional Multifraction Radiotherapy for Pain Relief in Patients With Predominantly Nonspine Bone Metastases)
All palliation max of 20Gy in 5 fx
SBRT Lung/Liver - 54/3 if meeting constraints

Melanoma - 48/20, or KKAng 6Gy x 5 (Postoperative radiotherapy for cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck region - PubMed)

Obviously SBRT all the stuff instead of conventional fx dosing (if meeting constraints)
Prostate I prefer 70/28 or 70.2/26 but 60/20 reasonable. Obviously 36.25 - 40Gy in 5 fx SBRT is going to take off in popularity.

Agreed. I do 70/28 if I need to treat nodes but there are many more patients on protocols with 60/20 than the 1 trial with 70/28, so I chose 60/20 for that reason, plus I highly doubt 3 Gy/fx is meaningfully different from 2/5 Gy/fx.

Breast - Livi IMRT APBI 30/5 QOD makes much more sense to me than B-39 BID fx. 5-fraction WBI also good, either weekly (FORWARD, 10-year data) or daily (FAST-FORWARD, 5-year data)
Agree but the B-39 trial was overall much better run than the Livi trial and I don't want to deal with insurance crap about using IMRT for any form of breast. I often do B-39 QD instead of BID as well. I am not familiar with the FORWARD trial - do you mean FAST? I don't pay much attention to FAST because it's a smaller trial because its primary endpoint was not tumor control. FAST-FORWARD's was and I will be waiting for 10 year data on FAST-FORWARD, especially for left-sided cases as I am concerned about even smaller heart doses since it's 5 fx.

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Definitive lung - 60/15 if no chemo. If good candidates, stick with 2Gy/fx. Although maybe now some will investigate 45/15 with concurrent chemo.
Honestly definitive lung minus chemo is palliative so no need to go to 60/15, 45/15 should be fine if no chemo given.

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Glioma - TONS of data! Remember that it's poor KPS OR Old age (> 60-65 depending on the trial) that drives almost every hypofrac study besides 25/5. 40/15 with concurrent Temodar is my STANDARD for anyone over 65, as analyses have shown better OS compared to 6 weeks of RT. 75-80% of those patients were ECOG 0-1, and the remaining were ECOG 2.
Yes, not great data for younger, good KPS GBM patients (yet - I think it's being studied bu tcan't find the trial right now)
My bad, as I posted above I meant this in the sense of young/fit patients who would get 60/30 normally, I don't know of data using hypofrac for those settings (Palex's idea is a good one though...w/o data)

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Bone mets = 8Gy x 1. Time for bone met centers for excellence (stealing that from somebody who has used in the past - scarb?). Maybe 16x1 if dosimetry isn't busy (Single-Fraction Stereotactic vs Conventional Multifraction Radiotherapy for Pain Relief in Patients With Predominantly Nonspine Bone Metastases)
Agreed, although I will use 5 fraction more in patients with immunotherapy because who knows if durable local control is important for them. 8/1 is perfectly fine too.

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All palliation max of 20Gy in 5 fx
I use 5x5 like Europe, little extra oomph similar to 30/10

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SBRT Lung/Liver - 54/3 if meeting constraints
Good luck finding many cases like that, especially liver.

[/QUOTE]

Agree but would be careful about 6 Gy x5 for the same reason as mentioned above.
 
Definitive lung - 60/15 if no chemo. If good candidates, stick with 2Gy/fx. Although maybe now some will investigate 45/15 with concurrent chemo.

I think this depends heavily on the context. Is it no chemo because they have terrible ECOG, or no chemo because of a kidney transplant?
Do they have diffuse mediastinal LAD or just some bulky hilar disease.?

If a patient isn't otherwise infirm, I try to get in every cGy that I can safely.
 
All my breast surgeons do oncoplastic lumpectomy. Is there ANY way to do the Italian PBI after this kind of an operation? I would guess not.

Oncoplastic reductions suck for finding cavities for boost and PBI. Patients also take much longer to heal. It's becoming so popular and I hate it.
 
Some patients are posting their pelvic RT side effects on Twitter with the #radonc hastag!
One lady mentioned the rectum 5 fx thingy...

 
Prostate - I personally love the CHHIP/PROFIT 60/20 regimen and patients tolerate it super well

Completely agree. A lot of people have concerns about added GU/GI toxicity with the CHIIP regimen but I simply have not seen it and I have been doing this quite a while now.

Also agree with your post down lower. I rarely treat nodes but when I do I use 70/28 and that also goes very well. Personally, I tend to use this scheme if people have especially large prostates or T3b disease and the rectal dose is higher than I would like. Is there a meaningful difference between 2.5 and 3.0 per day in that case, I don't know. Makes me feel a little better though.

I can't remember the last time I did a 39-42 fraction prostate plan.
 
Completely agree. A lot of people have concerns about added GU/GI toxicity with the CHIIP regimen but I simply have not seen it and I have been doing this quite a while now.

Also agree with your post down lower. I rarely treat nodes but when I do I use 70/28 and that also goes very well. Personally, I tend to use this scheme if people have especially large prostates or T3b disease and the rectal dose is higher than I would like. Is there a meaningful difference between 2.5 and 3.0 per day in that case, I don't know. Makes me feel a little better though.

I can't remember the last time I did a 39-42 fraction prostate plan.

Bean counting our way to success!
 
Is noone concerned that in the chhip trial, 57 gy in 19 fractions was not noninferior to the control arm, which was a bit low, and 5% worse than 60/20? The bed of 67.5 in 27 is still higher than 60/20, and closer to equivalent to 79.2 in 44. Would be nice to have a little margin for error.
 
Completely agree. A lot of people have concerns about added GU/GI toxicity with the CHIIP regimen but I simply have not seen it and I have been doing this quite a while now.

Also agree with your post down lower. I rarely treat nodes but when I do I use 70/28 and that also goes very well. Personally, I tend to use this scheme if people have especially large prostates or T3b disease and the rectal dose is higher than I would like. Is there a meaningful difference between 2.5 and 3.0 per day in that case, I don't know. Makes me feel a little better though.

I can't remember the last time I did a 39-42 fraction prostate plan.
Is noone concerned that in the chhip trial, 57 gy in 19 fractions was not noninferior to the control arm, which was a bit low, and 5% worse than 60/20? The bed of 67.5 in 27 is still higher than 60/20, and closer to equivalent to 79.2 in 44. Would be nice to have a little margin for error.
I hear you. If pt is compliant and daily CBCT done then I'm not worried. If that's the case what do you think about something like 62/20 either to the whole PTV or SIB to the prostate CTV? Not the trial dose but addresses your concerns too...
 
I hear you. If pt is compliant and daily CBCT done then I'm not worried. If that's the case what do you think about something like 62/20 either to the whole PTV or SIB to the prostate CTV? Not the trial dose but addresses your concerns too...
My concerns are addressed by 70/28.
 
So I should keep asking people to come for 2-3 extra weeks because the ROI is better for me?

Yes, let's non-inferiority our way to 'greatness'.

When was the last time your med onc recommended only 6 months of maintenance Herceptin? Instead, they probably added Perjeta to 12 months Herceptin instead. You see, normal specialties do not change standard of care practice based on non-inferiority studies.
 
Yes, let's non-inferiority our way to 'greatness'.

When was the last time your med onc recommended only 6 months of maintenance Herceptin? Instead, they probably added Perjeta to 12 months Herceptin instead. You see, normal specialties do not change standard of care practice based on non-inferiority studies.
I guess it depends on how you define greatness. In my experience, nine weeks of radiation therapy for prostate cancer was frequently dismissed out of hand by patients who had lives to live and as a result chose radical prostatectomy because it took less time. I am not saying this was wise on their part but it happened. Now I can offer many men 4-5 weeks or even 4-5 treatments and I see many are considering radiation as an alternative. Surgeons are complaining in public and private that short courses are creating competition. The large NI trials reassure some of us (not all of course) that these shorter courses are safe and effective and without question more convenient for patients. Many patients appreciate this.
Medical Oncology has agents that frequently extend life and changes in the standard of care are driven by OS endpoints. With few exceptions radiation therapy doesn't extend life. In many situations it can provide similar results with organ preservation and less morbidity. The technological advances of the last few decades that are specific to radiation therapy (IMRT, IGRT, SBRT) don't extend life but they do improve lives for many patients.
 
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Yes, let's non-inferiority our way to 'greatness'.

When was the last time your med onc recommended only 6 months of maintenance Herceptin? Instead, they probably added Perjeta to 12 months Herceptin instead. You see, normal specialties do not change standard of care practice based on non-inferiority studies.
I'll take rad onc over a "normal specialty" any day. Because unlike them, we read and rationalize...instead of turning off their brains and giving their drug or cutting the patient.
 
Yes, let's non-inferiority our way to 'greatness'.

And what do you propose a superiority trial for people with low risk prostate cancer would look like? And by extension, are you saying since we found something good that should just be it then? We solved favorable prostate cancer in the early 2000s? Or was it in the 70s and 80s when we got better at brachytherapy?
 
I can't remember the last time I did a 39-42 fraction prostate plan.

For the record, I objected specifically to this statement. Maybe the writer works at a Cyberknife center?

Conventionally fractionated radiation is under attack but remains a standard of care. The ethos, pathos and logos of that obviously valid statement have been well described in other threads on this topic.
 
For the record, I objected specifically to this statement. Maybe the writer works at a Cyberknife center?

Conventionally fractionated radiation is under attack but remains a standard of care. The ethos, pathos and logos of that obviously valid statement have been well described in other threads on this topic.
By that logic I am sure conventionally fractionated breast RT can also be considered one of the "standards of care" too.
 
By that logic I am sure conventionally fractionated breast RT can also be considered one of the "standards of care" too.
Hypofx breast rt improved outcomes compared to conventional (better cosmesis/side effect profile). Is the same true for hypo vs conventional prostate RT?
 
Completely agree. A lot of people have concerns about added GU/GI toxicity with the CHIIP regimen but I simply have not seen it and I have been doing this quite a while now.

Also agree with your post down lower. I rarely treat nodes but when I do I use 70/28 and that also goes very well. Personally, I tend to use this scheme if people have especially large prostates or T3b disease and the rectal dose is higher than I would like. Is there a meaningful difference between 2.5 and 3.0 per day in that case, I don't know. Makes me feel a little better though.

I can't remember the last time I did a 39-42 fraction prostate plan.

Do you even offer conventional frac for prostate? Do you counsel patients on a higher risk of acute GI toxicity with the shorter, more convenient regimen?
 
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Do you counsel patients on a higher risk of acute GI toxicity with the shorter, more convenient regimen?
In my view there is no risk of a higher acute toxicity with hypofractionation. I would rather say that acute toxicity arises earlier in hypofractionation and perhaps a bit steeper, but would you measure the area under the curve in terms of toxicity it's probably the same with hypofraction or normofraction.
That is at least my interpretation of the data. A lot has to do with how the patients were interviewed/checked for toxicities.
 
In my view there is no risk of a higher acute toxicity with hypofractionation. I would rather say that acute toxicity arises earlier in hypofractionation and perhaps a bit steeper, but would you measure the area under the curve in terms of toxicity it's probably the same with hypofraction or normofraction.
That is at least my interpretation of the data. A lot has to do with how the patients were interviewed/checked for toxicities.

The consensus guidelines for use of prostate hypofrac disagree with you.

I would actually expect that the acute toxicity with hypofrac to be worse after treatment ended, where patients aren't routinely followed super closely.
 
For the record, I objected specifically to this statement. Maybe the writer works at a Cyberknife center?

So you object to me using a standard of care? At no point did I say conventional fractionation is bad or no longer a reasonable treatment. I just don't do it anymore.

And no, not at a cyberknife center. In my opinion CK really provides no advantages for prostate. The treatments are long and you know there are going to be substantial changes in bladder and rectal filling during treatment that won't be accounted for with fiducial tracking. I am sure it does a decent job hitting the prostate but I suspect the long treatment times make it pretty hard to know what doses your bladder and rectum are actually seeing. Just use VMAT or rapid arc.

Do you even offer conventional frac for prostate? Do you counsel patients on a higher risk of acute GI toxicity with the shorter, more convenient regimen?

Of course I offer it but no one ever bites. I tell them there are inconsistent suggestions of worse GI or GU toxicity with shorter regimens in large trials. I follow my patients very closely and I have seen not a hint of increased GI or GU toxicity (acute or late). Radiation for prostate cancer is just really well tolerated whether you use 1.8, 2, 2.5, or 3 Gy per day.

This has all be discussed so many times before. Perspectives matter. I was introduced to hypofrac during training so its not like I really changed my practice when I started using it more. I can appreciate approaching it from the other side, having a great therapy that works really well and not seeing a compelling reason to change a system that isn't broken.
 
The consensus guidelines for use of prostate hypofrac disagree with you.

I would actually expect that the acute toxicity with hypofrac to be worse after treatment ended, where patients aren't routinely followed super closely.


I know, but...

This is CHHiP.


Bowel
1600870502456.png


Certainly acute toxicity sets in earlier with 57 Gy or 60 Gy, but if you look at the AUC (in terms of cumulative toxicity) it's not very much different.
While the peak is higher in terms of how many percent of patients have symptoms at one timepoint with hypofraction, the recovery appears to be faster than with hypofractionation. I have not done the math, but my feeling is that if you substract the orange AUC from the green AUC the difference will be small.
1600871070477.png

Last but not least:
Here's the schedule for assessment in CHHiPP
1600871111977.png

By examining the patients every week during RT but then leaving only 2 week intervalls following RT (but ONLY in the normofractionation regime), you are bound to "miss" some acute toxicity that might pick up or stick around for the few weeks following normofractionated RT.
If you never look for toxicity close enough after treatment, you may miss it.




Bladder
1600870611321.png


I'd say no differences here at all.
 

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The consensus guidelines for use of prostate hypofrac disagree with you.

I would actually expect that the acute toxicity with hypofrac to be worse after treatment ended, where patients aren't routinely followed super closely.

I haven't seen this. Even when treating nodes in 20 fractions as well.

Consensus guidelines always amuse me. Especially when they involve so-called expert contours super-imposed on each other and are wildly different.

Do you even offer conventional frac for prostate? Do you counsel patients on a higher risk of acute GI toxicity with the shorter, more convenient regimen?

I discuss that it is the historical standard of care and I would use it if they REALLY want me to (no takers so far) but that 4-5 weeks is the new way of doing things and how I typically treat. The only times I recommend conventional are for people with enormous prostates, low lying bowel that has to be cropped out of the prostate PTV, and for severe obstructive symptoms at baseline. Or possibly for someone with very high risk disease I can't convince to do a brachy or CK boost.
 
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I know, but...

This is CHHiP.


Bowel
View attachment 318870

Certainly acute toxicity sets in earlier with 57 Gy or 60 Gy, but if you look at the AUC (in terms of cumulative toxicity) it's not very much different.
While the peak is higher in terms of how many percent of patients have symptoms at one timepoint with hypofraction, the recovery appears to be faster than with hypofractionation. I have not done the math, but my feeling is that if you substract the orange AUC from the green AUC the difference will be small.
View attachment 318873
Last but not least:
Here's the schedule for assessment in CHHiPP
View attachment 318875
By examining the patients every week during RT but then leaving only 2 week intervalls following RT (but ONLY in the normofractionation regime), you are bound to "miss" some acute toxicity that might pick up or stick around for the few weeks following normofractionated RT.
If you never look for toxicity close enough after treatment, you may miss it.




Bladder
View attachment 318871

I'd say no differences here at all.
Would it be fair to say 74 gy is under treatment?
 
Hypofx breast rt improved outcomes compared to conventional (better cosmesis/side effect profile). Is the same true for hypo vs conventional prostate RT?
Some randomized studies have shown this (e.g. MDACC trial) but other have not (e.g. Whelan), so this remains an unresolved issue.
 
Not in the UK and there is no evidence of a survival benefit above 70 gy. PROFIT compared 60 gy in 20 fractions to 78 gy and found no difference; in fact late gr2 GI toxicity was lower with hypo.

I've always wondered this in regards to the 7920/44 vs 8100/45 debate. I'm not aware of any rationale that justifies adding that extra treatment. Where did that come from?
 
1600880216772.png


The SpaceOAR rep STRENULOUSLY objects to this!

>10% of patients on that randomized trial with close follow-up had at least Grade 3 bowel toxicity. They're sure of it!
 
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