Your first question should not be can it be found in a criminal background check (CBC) but "do I have to report it on the application?" If you are going to take "have you ever been convicted of a felony?" at face value, then yes, you should report your felony conviction for homosexual behavior in Egypt or drunk driving in Canada or grand theft in England on your application. Whether those jurisdictions report to the keeper of records (FBI?) in the US such that the record would come up on your US rap sheet, I have no idea but I don't believe that it would. INTERPOL might be where law enforcement can get a criminal background check that includes crimes committed in other Interpol member countries but I doubt that it is consulted for the CBC done by med schools.