I stumbled across this blog many years after it was posted, however:
The USN AMDD program (OPNAVINST 1542.4 series) is alive and well.
The program is intended primarily to take Naval Flight Surgeons with aviation backgrounds and return them to the cockpit for a tour in order to reap benefits from their prior experiences. There are many prior aviators who ended up in medicine/flight medicine. But to be returned to the cockpit there are many (legal) hoops to jump through. The main problem being that a staff corps officer is not a line officer and must get a waiver from CNO in order to sign for an operate the aircraft as pilot in command (staff corp officers cannot be in command of a line vessel or aircraft without specific authorization).
Currently the program is accepting applicants as they arise and express interest.
Many of the stories of Docs trying to fly and make their way into the naval aviator world in the past are outside the AMDD program and are something that they tried to do on their own and not being part of the program ran afoul of rules regulations etc.
In order to fly as PIC you must be in the AMDD program, per navy regs (3710.7)
Flight Surgeons can fly in the pilot position if not part of the program, buy they are limited in what they can do and must fly with a rated pilot (see 3710.7 for details).
As far as Flight Docs becoming pilots,...it has happened in the past in very very very very unusual circumstances with exceptional candidates. The approximate cost for doing this is staggering as you might expect, currently the program does not have $$$ for denovo training as it once had many many years ago. Of the few that did go "retrograde" (FS to aviator) so to speak, were Dr C and Dr B1, both went on to become NASA Astronauts and both were unfortunately killed (one in the recent space shuttle disaster) Both were crazy smart and had the exceptional talents to fly also.
Also, Dr B2 is the current CNAF Force Surgeon and he was a Flight Doc first.
Dr L and myself (Dr A) were docs first and accepted for training in 1999. Dr L went on to fly the EA6B and I went on to fly the Tomcat w CVW1 as a squadron pilot, I am currently a Test Director at VX-9 doing Super Hornet aircraft test and weapons test.
The S3 guy who went through was Dr B3 (seems they all start w B). He's a Radiology Specialist still in the USN. The current AMDD program has 27 personnel that are active or on non flying training elsewhere in the USN system, 9 are actively flying.
Typical areas of aviation for AMDD billets include: Test, FRS, training command, safety center, with test having priority.
We accept Naval Flight Surgeons and Aerospace Physiologists, Psychologists and Aerospace Optometrists in to the program, those with Aviator or NFO backgrounds.
Getting promoted beyond O-4 now requires residency training, O-6 requires a lot of hospital based responsibilities also. If you want a career in aviation, the RAM (residency in Aerospace Medicine) is a way to stay in the aviation and medicine worlds. O-5 is about the cap of what you can expect if you want to stay in operational medicine. Obviously a personal choice, but retiring an O-5, and happy is a bunch better than unhappy in an MTF trying to scrabble for O-6.
As far as trying to do both jobs and do them well, yes it can be done, I work 60-75 hours a week, if you don't want to work so hard then, no, the jobs probably not worth it. I certainly think it is, I spend about 25-30 hours per week in clinic (of the 20 hours I promised them) and the remainder flying and administering test.
Worth it? You bet, Absolutely!: I flew BFM, dropped bombs, did night CAS as well as taught NVG flights as well as other specialty areas ... all in the last 2 weeks. I get to train and use all the newest warfighting technologies.
I have the best job in the world. Period. I don't want to ever stop.
So it can be done but not if you aren't willing to put exceptional effort in. You can do both well, but you can't approach it half heartedly. I think I have a life outside work also, if I don't I don't know it. There's plenty to do around here (4x4, motorcycling, gunsports, camping fishing and raising a family as well as teaching them to do it). Maybe I'm ADHD?
Just as a thought: If you left Naval Aviation to pursue medicine then you have probably already satisfied the yearning in your heart for aviation, kinda by definition.
If not:
I am the AMDD Program Director and can answer your questions one on one. if you need application info, please access the instruction and the application procedures are in there. If you are on the @med.navy.mil system, pull up BHC China Lake and look at the names, you'll figure out how to get in touch w me.
Dr A