Okay, so this is where things get a bit tricky... my best advice here, talk at length with your faculty/field-specific advisor. Let him know what your goals/interests are, and he/she should be able to steer you in the right direction. In general, if a residency program is accredited by the AAOS and GME, the training is more than adequate to expose you to all aspects deemed requisite for training in general orthopaedics. In essence, it doesn't matter where you train when it comes to the curriculum. However, that being said (and I know it sounds opposite of what I've said in the past), there is a lot more that goes into training than the curriculum. For example, case load per resident per subspecialty (joint, spine, sports, hand, general/trauma, pediatrics, oncology, etc.) can differ widely from program to program. For example, Ortho Onc is not included in many programs, but those are cases that are far and away from general ortho. The principles that a general orthopod will need to know when it comes to oncology will be covered (hence, it is part of the curriculum).
When it comes to big names versus non-names, community-based versus academic center, etc etc... it all depends on your personal preference and what you envision your future goals to be. If you care about having a name on your resume (and it can help, I'm not denying that), then apply to the big name places. But realize these big names may not have anything to do with their training (which, of course, is perceived differently from person to person). The Mayo Clinic - regarded by many to be #1 in ortho - has a ton of faculty (80+), but also a ton of fellows (60+) and 50/60 residents. Sure, there are cases a plenty, but you may be triple/quadruple scrubbed in a room with an attending, fellow, senior resident, then you (and maybe even a junior resident in front of you, too). I had a senior resident (who is going to Mayo for a joints fellowship) tell me that during his interview there, he realized that Mayo is a less than ideal place for residency (for the reasons mentioned above), but a great place for a fellowship. The case load is mostly joints (so unless you're going into residency knowing that you want to do joints) so your exposure may be skewed into certain areas.
Just realize that there's more than just the name... look at resident treatment/support, benefits, breadth of exposure (fellowship trained subspecialty faculty on staff), family-friendliness (if this matters to you... I have a wife and soon to be two children, so this was a very important factor), resident/faculty relationships (hierarchical or collegial), etc etc. When I was interviewing, I realized how many of the little things mattered to me, such as resident work rooms (Pit/ED rooms are great because the resident has a little retreat nearby with books, computer, etc. to get things done rather than fighting for space in the ED or needing to relocate a floor and come back later), didactic schedules (and resident involvement in teaching), MIS/Radiology/Order entry access from home (especially for programs that have home call... I had residents at one interview boast about home call starting second year, but when I asked if they could see x-rays at home to assess the situation before deciding whether to come in or not, they said they didn't have it... so essentially, they had to come in regardless), dress code (do you want to be walking around in a shirt/tie/suit or scrubs/white coat all day?), and benefits such as books/educational allowances/journal subscriptions.
When you meet faculty, do they treat you like a peasant who doesn't know anything, or do they exude a feeling of wanting to take the time to educate you? Speak to residents and ask how comfortable they are with general procedures and would they be able to finish residency and enter private practice right away. Does your program include some private practice experience, or is it all academic center-based? Look at past residents and look at the fellowship versus private practice ratios (are all of them doing fellowships or vice versa?). I had a faculty member (who graduated from a big name program mentioned in this thread) tell me that he had about a one-year, extremely steep learning curve when he came to his particular institution because he was required to take general call as a faculty member and he didn't feel he was well-prepared in his residency. Another told me that had he known he would end up at an academic, non-big name program, he would have chosen his residency differently to gain more case exposure and experience.
In the end, try to have a good idea of what you want out of your education, and what will make your five/six years ideal for your training experience. Talk with faculty advisors and department chairs/program directors. Everyone knows everyone, and they can give you the best advice. And finally, get a wide array of opinions, because some people will come off sounding like a walking advertisement no matter what you're asking, etc. (you'll know them when you meet them).
Good luck.