To go into the whole production costs and final consumer costs is a much more complex and convoluted equation then even you portray. You left out a lot of things.
For example, all you did was factor 50% wage inflation for the "widget factory", you said nothing about the store that sells the widgets to the consumer. In a lot of industries, especially industries that provide essential goods, the cost of labor is by far and away the highest cost of the business . Additionally, you ignore the fact that if you increase the minimum wage by 50% you must also increase the wages of higher level workers. You think your mid-level who once was making double minimum wage lets say, at 16$ is going to be okay with the minimum wage guy now suddenly making $15, and they are still stuck at $16? Definitely not. So in your "evaluation" you ignore the compounding costs of wage inflation, not just across the produces, middle man, consumer line (and often times there are more degreees of separation then just middle man and producer. Coke for example on the bottom end has suppliers of energy, sugar, water, aluminum, ink, design, etc etc. All of those suppliers have employees to get those products. So increase in costs of good for coke. Increase in costs of labor for coke. Then coke hires distrbutors, which have employees and drivers, those distributors often times sell to smaller more local distributors with drivers and employees, and then finally to the store where you bought the coke. The store that has employees too. All of those employees have to get paid more now. and every business in between not only just raised their cost in terms of employees, but they also each raised their costs of materials because all of the things that they used in their business became more expensive and they have to raise prices to account for this. It's no where near as direct as you imply it to be. Even my example, I didnt account for things, like the distributors having higher costs not just in labor, but the trucks are more expensive to buy, since the truck manufacturer has to pay more for their materials and employees, the trucks cost more to maintain since service is more expensive. There is such a huge ripple effect that you totally ignore and minimize that its astounding. A lot of ideas sound good on the outside, it doesn't mean they are a good idea in reality.
Re:ACA - you may not have said anything about standard of care, but I certainly did. Single payer would limit re-reimbursements, reducing doctors abilities to use utilize expensive cutting edge technologies, and reducing physician pay overall causing the best and brightest physicians and bio-tech companies to go elsewhere. Single payer system greatly reduces the access to the higher end therapies because insurance covers a large portion of things now, so the people that can afford more then baseline would be greatly reduced via your solution and would still result moving the cutting edge of technology and medicine away from the US.