How important is this?
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e.g., hypothalums, cerebrum, brain stem, etc. How important is this?
Hypothalamus - endocrine (Just remember that and know the endocrine system)
Cerebellum - order (in terms of space/orientation kinda like the ears - also, if you remember Power Puff Girls, the mayors aid was Sara Bellum and she always made sure everything was fine while the mayor acted like a goofball)
Cerebral Cortex - if you're still asking this after studying, god help you
Medulla - breathing/heart rate - involuntaries
Pons - Relay between medulla and telencephalon (more on that below)as well as respiration (fun fact - you can actually cut certain segments of the brain stem off and as long as the medulla remains, respiration/heart rate still remains fully functional. This was how the pons/medulla's functions were solidified.)
Midbrain - relay
Thalamus - relay, sleep/wake, arousal
Diencephalon - thalamus/hypothalamus
Telencephalon - Cerebral Cortex
The MCAT doesn't really strive on killing you with the brain with functions of the brain (unless they're discretes), but focuses more on the physiology. I didn't have any mnemomic for these but just memorized them. sorry. It's not terribly difficult.