1. Your group must have a contract with a “qualified employer”, ie a “nonprofit” hospital or clinic. This may give more incentive for young debt ridden doctors to work at “nonprofit” facilities. I’m not sure but I don’t think “for profit” hospitals run by Tenet, Prime, and HCA would qualify. However, even if you are directly employed by a for profit entity, eg a PE backed/owned AMC, I believe you still qualify as long as your for profit group is contracted to provide services at a nonprofit hospital and you spend all your time or at least 30hrs/week at the nonprofit hospital. It also gets murky if you spend most of your time at a surgicenter or other for profit facility.
2. At least in Ca and Tx, an official from the nonprofit hospital must attest that you are filling a role that cannot be filled by a direct employee of the hospital because of laws barring direct employment of physicians.