MHC-1 and MHC-2

[sps27]

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So I read in TBR that MHC-1 pretty much shows up on every single cell in our body and MHC-2 shows up on antigen presenting cells which could be Macrophages, B lymphocytes etc. Are there other antigen presenting cells besides these two? Also Helper T cells bind to antigen-MHC-2 complex and this binding causes release of Interleukins (cytokines) which causes proliferation of B cells which eventually divide to make plasma cells (makes antibodies) and memory cells.

My question is --- is it a given that Killer Cytotoxic T cells will latch on MHC-1 protein only and Helper T Cells will latch on to MHC-2 protein and that only from a Helper T+antigen+MHC-2 complex you can get plasma cells, and from Cytotoxic T cell+antigen+MHC-1 complex you will get more Cytotoxic T cells and memory cells? Are there cases when a Cytotoxic T cell will bind to MHC-2 complex and give rise to plasma cells? Can you only get plasma cells with MHC-2 binding? This is just a doubt I have, there is no question related to this.....

 

[Yssos]

So I read in TBR that MHC-1 pretty much shows up on every single cell in our body and MHC-2 shows up on antigen presenting cells which could be Macrophages, B lymphocytes etc. Are there other antigen presenting cells besides these two? Also Helper T cells bind to antigen-MHC-2 complex and this binding causes release of Interleukins (cytokines) which causes proliferation of B cells which eventually divide to make plasma cells (makes antibodies) and memory cells.

My question is --- is it a given that Killer Cytotoxic T cells will latch on MHC-1 protein only and Helper T Cells will latch on to MHC-2 protein and that only from a Helper T+antigen+MHC-2 complex you can get plasma cells, and from Cytotoxic T cell+antigen+MHC-1 complex you will get more Cytotoxic T cells and memory cells? Are there cases when a Cytotoxic T cell will bind to MHC-2 complex and give rise to plasma cells? Can you only get plasma cells with MHC-2 binding? This is just a doubt I have, there is no question related to this.....

APCs consist of only macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells.

Yes to the complexes: Cytotoxic T cells : antigen : mhc1 through their CD8 marker and helper T cells : antigen : mhc 2 through CD4. Generally T cells don't express both CD4 and CD8, thus are either a CD4 t helper or CD8 cytotoxic t cell.

I like to think of immuno as an army where the T helper cells are the generals. They only receive signals or information from specialized cells, because they cannot risk believing any random cell (their responses have very wide ranging effects). So they only take information from apcs and based on that info, they differentiate in different helper types based on the enemy. Either they want archers to go directly kill the enemy (Th1 response, activate cytotoxic T cells with specific cytokines) or they want to produce more sneaky soldiers that can devise plans for flagging the enemy (Th2 response, activating B cells to become plasma cells and produce antibodies). This is very generally explained, there are many other Th subsets, but rest assured, cytotoxic cells are only specialized soldiers that know exactly where to target their attack, but they do not induce B cell responses.

Also, Memory cells are generated after any adaptive immune response, whether it is a a cytotoxic response or a humoral (antibody generating- I.e. plasma cell generating) response. So, after the battle, you always have a few survivors (a general (Thelper cells), a specialized archer (CT cells) or a specialized sneaky right hand of the general (B cells))who will remember and know how to attack the enemy more quickly the next time it comes around.

I hope this answers your questions!

 

[sps27]

APCs consist of only macrophages, dendritic cells and B cells.

Yes to the complexes: Cytotoxic T cells : antigen : mhc1 through their CD8 marker and helper T cells : antigen : mhc 2 through CD4. Generally T cells don't express both CD4 and CD8, thus are either a CD4 t helper or CD8 cytotoxic t cell.

I like to think of immuno as an army where the T helper cells are the generals. They only receive signals or information from specialized cells, because they cannot risk believing any random cell (their responses have very wide ranging effects). So they only take information from apcs and based on that info, they differentiate in different helper types based on the enemy. Either they want archers to go directly kill the enemy (Th1 response, activate cytotoxic T cells with specific cytokines) or they want to produce more sneaky soldiers that can devise plans for flagging the enemy (Th2 response, activating B cells to become plasma cells and produce antibodies). This is very generally explained, there are many other Th subsets, but rest assured, cytotoxic cells are only specialized soldiers that know exactly where to target their attack, but they do not induce B cell responses.

Also, Memory cells are generated after any adaptive immune response, whether it is a a cytotoxic response or a humoral (antibody generating- I.e. plasma cell generating) response. So, after the battle, you always have a few survivors (a general (Thelper cells), a specialized archer (CT cells) or a specialized sneaky right hand of the general (B cells))who will remember and know how to attack the enemy more quickly the next time it comes around.

I hope this answers your questions!

Wonderful. Thank you! I am sure to think of this response and the analogies therein, if a question on those lines pops up.....🙂.

 

[1TB4RKSB4CK]

Great reply and bumping since I was caught up on this.

Funny how he made an account just to answer this question lol