When we ask who cheats more, we often already have an answer. Here’s what we know when it comes to who cheats more: men or women.
21ninety.com
Because despite professional women “bringing more to the table” financially. Financially stable
Men really don’t care what a woman brings to the table financially. So professional women are competing for these “high value men” with younger women. Now I don’t think a 36-42 never married yo professional dude should marry a 20 yo. But they may look for a 28-30 yo. The 33-36 yo women unfortunately may lose out to the younger women who are looking for these same men.
While men may not care about a female’s income and will prioritize youth/beauty/fertility, for long term mating they do care about other qualities like conscientiousness and intelligence (which tends to correlate with income). Also IQ is very heritable. If an intelligent high income man marries and has kids with a woman who is not that intelligent, guess how the kids will turn out?
The empirical observation that humans select mates who are similar in traits (virtually all traits: attractiveness, income, personality, behavior) is so widely seen and replicable that it is about as close to a “law” as you get in psychology.
Assortative mating is contrasted with hypergamy (as if these are somehow competing or incompatible theories). This makes me wonder how well these two ideas are being understood, because they are not in conflict with one another.
A selection “up” for anything doesn’t rule out that you will find a positive correlation between those traits in mate selection.
For example, if women select up in educational level this doesn’t mean that women at all levels of education are randomly distributed to the whole pool of men who have a higher level of education. Women without a higher education will be more likely to end up with men who have Bachelor’s degrees than men with PhDs. Women with Master’s degrees will be more likely to end up with men who have PhDs than the former group of women with no education.
Anyway assortative mating has never been “debunked” and not once have I ever seen such a claim in the evolutionary psychology literature or in any of the research on relationships regardless of field. Not one person who has researched assortative mating has ever claimed such a thing as far as I know.
How do we square this with the fact that
obviously men care a lot about whether women are attractive or not?
Maybe this isn’t as common-sensically wrong as it seems. I know many rich male Google programmers, but I have never seen any of them marry a stunning black girl from the ghetto. Why not? Wouldn’t the hypergamy hypothesis pronounce this a good deal for both of them? He gets a beautiful wife, she gets a rich husband? And it’s not just a race thing, I’ve also never seen them marry a beautiful hillbilly from West Virginia, or a beautiful farmer’s daughter from Modesto. I don’t even really see them marry a beautiful girl from the suburbs with a community college degree.
True, men are usually the breadwinners and won’t need their wives to support them financially. But whether it’s nature or nurture, high-status successful women tend to raise high-status successful children; men know this, which incentivizes them to seek high-status successful wives regardless of their financial situation. Also, men have to live with their wives. They want someone who shares their norms and values. For upper-class men, that means upper-class women. So men have strong reasons not to “marry down” regardless of income. And even though women
do care about men’s ability to provide, they’re thinking about these things too.
Is this by choice or social necessity? That is, when a rich man marries an average-looking rich woman, is that because he prefers her to a beautiful poor woman, or just because he doesn’t know any beautiful poor women well enough to ask them out? While it’s true that rich men might not know too many beautiful poor women, this itself seems to require explanation; if this was as good a deal as the hypergamists think, they would actively take steps to find them, or there would be social institutions to make such matches happen. Also, the rise of online dating makes it trivial to meet people outside your social class, but it seems to produce the same kind of class-matched couples as offline dating did. Also, rich people meet poor people all the time. Poor people are their secretaries, servants, waitresses, and Uber drivers. Sometimes they have casual sex with these people. They just don’t (usually) marry them. I think it’s choice.
What about looks?
Most of the studies I found were from one team in Florida which puts a lot of effort into showing why everyone else who thinks differently is wrong. I don’t know this team and I don’t know whether to trust their results, but they find pretty conclusively that
marriages where the wife is more attractive than the husband are happier (see also
here). In these marriages,
both the husband
and the wife are nicer to each other than in the reverse scenario. Attractive people are no happier in their marriage than unattractive ones overall; it only matters that the wife is
more attractive than her husband.
Conclusions:
Educational hypergamy has gone into reverse. Now that women dominate education, they’re actively seeking less educated men, and vice versa. This seems to be because educational imbalances in favor of women have become normative; education is now a “proper” “feminine” trait.
In contrast, income hypergamy is still widespread, important, and causing problems for non-compliers. Is the norm weakening over time? It’s hard to tell.
Despite this, men and women display an equal and stunning degree of class homogamy. Men may use their class-based market value to purchase a little more education in a mate, and women to purchase a little more income, but both genders consider class first and foremost.
Women’s rising share of education isn’t directly damaging the marriage market. Women’s rising share of income might be, with one study suggesting it’s responsible for 23% of the decline in US marriages.
Finally, a practical question: to maximize your odds of getting a desirable spouse, should you make more money or less? For men this is easy: earn more. For women, it’s a harder question; earning more raises your status (which ought to get you a higher-status man), but also decreases your chances with men who make less than you.
This study says that “income is not associated with the probability of marriage for women”, and it seems more likely to get you a better partner than a worse partner, so probably you should go ahead and get rich. But it’s possible that income is partly serving as a proxy for class, and on a causal level income has some totally different effect. So this one could still go either way.