Anyone know the answers to these?
1. Pre-mature baby is given indomethacin for a PDA. PDA closes. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this patient's response to indomethacin?
A. Cortisol inhibition with decreased norepi release
B. Cyclo-oxygenase inhibition with increased norepi release
C. Decreased arterial blockade to promote ductal closure
D. Interleukin 2 receptor blockade to promote ductal closure
E. Secretion of surfactant by pulmonary alveolar cells
ANS is not C. I know it inhibits cyclo-oxygenase, but what does that have to do with norepi?
B. No idea what's going with norepi, but definitely inhibits PGE2 synthesis.
2. 67-year-old man has 6 week history of nausea and vomitting. Has dec appetite, with 35 lb weight loss over last 6 weeks. Had a distal gastrectomy for PUD 35 yrs ago. He looks cachectic. His BMI is 17. He has gastric adenocarcinoma. What metabolic abnormality is he likely to have?
1. Decreased lipolysis
2. Decreased IL6
3. Hypertriclyceridemia
4. Hypoglycemia
5. Increased TNF
Ans is not hypertriglyceridiemia. I thought it would be, since anorexics usually have high triglycerides. I think it might be increased TNF.
TNF. TNF is also known as cachexin, responsible for wasting observed in cancer.
3. 68-year-old has stridor for 2 hours. 2 years ago, he had neck radiation for laryngeal cancer. Examination shows a bulky tumor involving the upper and middle necky bilaterally. ABG on 100% O2 shows pH 7.32, CO2 52, O2 55, HCO3 17. Whats the next step?
A. Place an esophageal airway
B. Bronchoscopy
C. Neck irradiation
D. Trachestomy
E. Laryngectomy
Its not A. I didn't think you could do a trachestomy, since this guy needs an airway ASAP.
Trach him. He's going to need a trach anyway. Why would you place an airway into this guy's esophagus?
4. 21. A 72-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 48 hours after slipping on a rug and falling. Her son found her lying on the floor. On arrival, she has severe pain of the right hip and thigh. Her pulse is 126/min, respirations are 30/min, and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. There is marked external rotation and shortening of the right lower extremity. Pedal pulses are present. There is a normal sinus rhythm. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her hemodynamic status?
A) Fat embolism
B) Hypovolemia
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Pulmonary embolism
E) Reaction to pain
Its not E or D. Maybe B? But don't you need to lose 30% of your blood volume to become hypotensive
Probably hypovolemia 2/2 decreased access to water (not necessarily hemorrhage). I doubt a patient would be alive for two days with a hemodynamically significant embolism, either PE or fat.
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