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After an automobile accident , a patient's chin deviates to the left on opening mouth widely.His mandible is probably fractured at which of the following points?

a. genial tubercle
b.left condyolar neck
c.right condylar neck
d.left mental foramen
e.right mental foramen

post the correct anwer and justify it with right explanation
 
Which of the following does not have an active electron transport across the mitochondrial memebrane?

a)brain,
b)pancreas,
C)kidney,
d)blood,
e)liver
 
When a comparison is made among various
types of vascular channels, the

1. Arteriole has more muscle in its tunicamedia
than does a venule, and there are
more elastic membranes in a large artery
than there are in a medium-sized artery.
2. endothelial lining of a large artery is
thicker than it is in a small artery, and the
lumen of a small vein is larger than it is
in a companion small artery.
3. pressure of the blood is greater in a large
artery than it is in a small artery, and the
pressure in a small vein is less than it is in
d large vein.
4. tunica media is thinner in a small artery
than it is in a small vein, and the tunica
adventitia is generally thicker on veins
than it is on arteries.
 
For Insia's 1
and for Muscule man Blood! I guess, but for heaven sake it's not easy it's tricky
Blood what? blood vessel? blood cell? red blood cell? is it the way they ask questions in board :scared: ??????? 😉
👍 muscle man you look pretty ready for test !
 
this is a question from old paper.

which of the following passes through rather than posterior to diaphragm?

a.aorta
b.esophagus
c.azygos vein
d.thoracic duct


the answer given was esophagus.but when i checked text book it was given as both thoracic duct and aorta passes thro' diaphragm at aortic hiatus.
what is the correct answer?

thanks in advance
 
b'lore said:
this is a question from old paper.

which of the following passes through rather than posterior to diaphragm?

a.aorta
b.esophagus
c.azygos vein
d.thoracic duct


the answer given was esophagus.but when i checked text book it was given as both thoracic duct and aorta passes thro' diaphragm at aortic hiatus.
what is the correct answer?

thanks in advance


I guess it is the Esophagus...

correct me if am wrong 😀

LOL.. hadnt seen u already answered.. 😀
 
BABAK kabab said:
For Insia's 1
and for Muscule man Blood! I guess, but for heaven sake it's not easy it's tricky
Blood what? blood vessel? blood cell? red blood cell? is it the way they ask questions in board :scared: ??????? 😉
👍 muscle man you look pretty ready for test !


Hey... am long way from prepared.. fella... thanks anyways..
this question was from one of the old papers.. a frnd had asked me the same on in the morning in a casual talk.. i found it tricky.. bcos of the way it was put... actually had to think twice although i knew.. rbcs dont have mitochondria..
when she asked active electron transport across mitochondrial membrane... :idea:
lol 😀
 
b'lore said:
this is a question from old paper.

which of the following passes through rather than posterior to diaphragm?

a.aorta
b.esophagus
c.azygos vein
d.thoracic duct


the answer given was esophagus.but when i checked text book it was given as both thoracic duct and aorta passes thro' diaphragm at aortic hiatus.
what is the correct answer?

thanks in advance


http://cats.med.uvm.edu/cats_teachingmod/gross_anatomy/thorax/pages/diaphragm.html
now am really confused...

which year was this question from... do let me know...

initially answered.. witout referring.. after reading ur comment.. referred.. and now am confused.. LOL :laugh:
 
b'lore said:
hey that question was ques. no 79 from april(or dec) 1979 anatomy paper.even i am also confused with that. :laugh:


That was the year I was born... LOL :laugh:
Do we need to even refer to such old papers??
just need advice... 😀
 
muscleman7911 said:
That was the year I was born... LOL :laugh:
Do we need to even refer to such old papers??
just need advice... 😀
hey i think, all other three choices aorta, thoraci duct and azygos vein are understandbly can be guessed by us that they pass through diaphragm so boards are confusing us by asking which one passes through rather posterior to diaphragm.........read carefully.......i mean they do want us to answer the choice which we expect less...i m not sure if u r understanding my point of view....sorry if u cant.....
 
muscleman7911 said:
I guess it is the Esophagus...

correct me if am wrong 😀

LOL.. hadnt seen u already answered.. 😀[/QUOTE

u r right , coz aorta ,azygo,thoracic passes post

The aortic hiatus is the lowest and most posterior of the large apertures; it lies at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Strictly speaking, it is not an aperture in the diaphragm but an osseoaponeurotic opening between it and the vertebral column, and therefore behind the diaphragm; occasionally some tendinous fibers prolonged across the bodies of the vertebræ from the medial parts of the lower ends of the crura pass behind the aorta, and thus convert the hiatus into a fibrous ring. The hiatus is situated slightly to the left of the middle line, and is bounded in front by the crura, and behind by the body of the first lumbar vertebra. Through it pass the aorta, the azygos vein, and the thoracic duct; occasionally the azygos vein is transmitted through the right crus.

so ans is esophagus
 
mekha said:
muscleman7911 said:
I guess it is the Esophagus...

correct me if am wrong 😀

LOL.. hadnt seen u already answered.. 😀[/QUOTE

u r right , coz aorta ,azygo,thoracic passes post

The aortic hiatus is the lowest and most posterior of the large apertures; it lies at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra. Strictly speaking, it is not an aperture in the diaphragm but an osseoaponeurotic opening between it and the vertebral column, and therefore behind the diaphragm; occasionally some tendinous fibers prolonged across the bodies of the vertebræ from the medial parts of the lower ends of the crura pass behind the aorta, and thus convert the hiatus into a fibrous ring. The hiatus is situated slightly to the left of the middle line, and is bounded in front by the crura, and behind by the body of the first lumbar vertebra. Through it pass the aorta, the azygos vein, and the thoracic duct; occasionally the azygos vein is transmitted through the right crus.

so ans is esophagus


Good.. one!!! 😀 👍
 
😕 which cartilage will be cut twice in a sagittal section thro' the neck???

a)cricoid,
b)thyroid,
c)arytenoid,
d)epiglottis,
e)second tracheal cartilage
 
muscleman7911 said:
😕 which cartilage will be cut twice in a sagittal section thro' the neck???

a)cricoid,
b)thyroid,
c)arytenoid,
d)epiglottis,
e)second tracheal cartilage

Arytenoid... that is the paired cartilage.
 
g3k said:
Arytenoid... that is the paired cartilage.


Hey G3K
the answer key says CRICOID
so am looking for an explanation.. hope it wasnt a TYPO in the answer key 😀
 
I guess it is becos it is shaped like a ring and so it would be cut twice. But that holds good for second tracheal cartilage too. 😕
 
sagi said:
I guess it is becos it is shaped like a ring and so it would be cut twice. But that holds good for second tracheal cartilage too. 😕


I did not understand the concept of being cut still :laugh:
 
muscleman7911 said:
I did not understand the concept of being cut still :laugh:
Sagittal plane
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

The sagittal plane of the human body is an imaginary slice made from the top of the head down, cutting the body into two more or less mirror-image halves. It runs from the nose to the back of the head, unlike the coronal plane, which runs from ear to ear. 😛
 
muscleman7911 said:
Hey G3K
the answer key says CRICOID
so am looking for an explanation.. hope it wasnt a TYPO in the answer key 😀

My bad... it is the cricoid. For some reason I thought the sagittal runs ear to ear. Cricoid is the only cartilage that is circular, that is it encircles the trachea and esophagus. The arytenoid and the epiglottis is on the posterior side of the larynx and the thyroid is on the anterior side. The tracheal cartilage is c-shaped... so there is no tracheal cartilage on the posterior aspect of the larynx. So it is the cricoid. 😳
 
sagi said:
Sagittal plane
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

The sagittal plane of the human body is an imaginary slice made from the top of the head down, cutting the body into two more or less mirror-image halves. It runs from the nose to the back of the head, unlike the coronal plane, which runs from ear to ear. 😛


Never thought of the saggital cut.. LOL 😀
Everything falls in place...
thanks
 
g3k said:
My bad... it is the cricoid. For some reason I thought the sagittal runs ear to ear. Cricoid is the only cartilage that is circular, that is it encircles the trachea and esophagus. The arytenoid and the epiglottis is on the posterior side of the larynx and the thyroid is on the anterior side. The tracheal cartilage is c-shaped... so there is no tracheal cartilage on the posterior aspect of the larynx. So it is the cricoid. 😳


👍 u are right

arytenoids are the answer for some other question in old paers where the cartilage that is uncut in a saggittal plane as they are paired and are lying sideways
 
polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs

a..on ribosomes
b in golgi apparatus
c on the fibroblastic surface
d in rough ER
e. after cleavage of the registration peptide.



in the key ,the answer was given as choice b,i.e in the golgi apparatus.but i believe the answer is a. can anyone explain why it can be choice b ?????
 
Hi everybody,
Could somebody please post the answers to these questions. These are from the acfd site sample questions. I read somewhere on the forum that somebody got 15 out of the 30 questions on the site. but i dont know it was in the canadian exam or nbde. But i thought it wouldnt be of any loss if we could get the correct answers to these questions.

1. In a Class I occlusion the buccal cusps of maxillary teeth occlude
A. with the lingual surface of the mandibular teeth.
B. in the central fossa of the mandibular teeth.
C. with the top of the buccal cusp of the mandibular teeth.
D. with the buccal surface of the mandibular teeth.

4. After the crown completion stage, trauma to a developing tooth may be responsible for
A. enamel hypoplasia.
B. gemination.
C. dilaceration.
D. fusion.

9. Which articular disease most often accompanies Sjögren’s syndrome?
A. Suppurative arthritis.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis.
C. Degenerative arthrosis.
D. Psoriatic arthritis.
E. Lupus arthritis.

10. Acute osteomyelitis of the mandible differs from malignant neoplasm because it
A. is asymptomatic.
B. is associated with high fever.
C. has an excellent prognosis.
D. has well defined radiographic margins.

12. The principal microorganism in aggressive periodontitis (juvenile periodontitis) is
A. porphyromonas gingivalis.
B. fusobacterium vincenti.
C. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
D. prevotella intermedia.

13. The objective of scaling and root planing during periodontal therapy is to remove
A. plaque, calculus, contaminated cementum and junctional epithelium.
B. plaque and calculus exclusively.
C. plaque, calculus and crevicular epithelium.
D. plaque, calculus and contaminated cementum.
E. all cementum associated with periodontitis.

14. A patient with congestive heart failure may have
1. epistaxis.
2. shortness of breath.
3. rhinophyma.
4. pitting edema of the ankles.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

15. A patient presents with hypodontia, conical teeth, fine, scanty, fair hair, and an intolerance to hot weather. The most likely diagnosis is
A. achondroplasia.
B. malignant hyperthermia.
C. ectodermal dysplasia.
D. cystic fibrosis.

18. Xerostomia can result from
1. Sjögren’s syndrome.
2. radiation therapy for oral cancer.
3. antidepressant drug therapy.
4. anticholinergics (Atropine).
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

19. The muscles used when closing the jaws to maximum intercuspation include
A. medial (internal) and lateral pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
B. temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
C. medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter.
D. lateral (external) pterygoid, masseter, temporalis, geniohyoid.

20. Hypothyroidism affects dental development by
A. causing microdontia.
B. delaying the eruption timetable.
C. causing sclerotic bone to form over the occlusal surface of erupting teeth.
D. accelerating the eruption timetable.

21. The lingual nerve contributes sensory fibers to the
1. tongue.
2. lingual surface of the mandible.
3. floor of the mouth.
4. mandibular posterior teeth.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

23. Which antibiotic is chiefly bactericidal?
A. Penicillin.
B. Erythromycin.
C. Tetracycline.
D. Chloramphenicol.
E. Clindamycin.

24. The periodontium is best able to tolerate forces directed to a tooth
A. horizontally.
B. laterally.
C. obliquely.
D. vertically.

25. Abnormalities in blood clotting may be associated with a deficiency of vitamin
A. B12.
B. C.
C. E.
D. K.

26. Molecular attraction between unlike substances is called
A. adhesion.
B. cohesion.
C. syneresis.
D. absorption.

30. Cleft lip and palate usually result from
A. failure of proper union of the median and lateral nasal processes.
B. failure of the union of the median nasal process with the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.
C. anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
D. failure of development of both the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.
 
Correct me if i m wrong

1. In a Class I occlusion the buccal cusps of maxillary teeth occlude
A. with the lingual surface of the mandibular teeth.
B. in the central fossa of the mandibular teeth.(ans)
C. with the top of the buccal cusp of the mandibular teeth.
D. with the buccal surface of the mandibular teeth.

4. After the crown completion stage, trauma to a developing tooth may be responsible for
A. enamel hypoplasia.
B. gemination.
C. dilaceration.(ans)
D. fusion.

9. Which articular disease most often accompanies Sjögren’s syndrome?
A. Suppurative arthritis.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis.(ans)
C. Degenerative arthrosis.
D. Psoriatic arthritis.
E. Lupus arthritis.

10. Acute osteomyelitis of the mandible differs from malignant neoplasm because it
A. is asymptomatic.
B. is associated with high fever.
C. has an excellent prognosis.
D. has well defined radiographic margins.

12. The principal microorganism in aggressive periodontitis (juvenile periodontitis) is
A. porphyromonas gingivalis.
B. fusobacterium vincenti.
C. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
D. prevotella intermedia.(ans)

13. The objective of scaling and root planing during periodontal therapy is to remove
A. plaque, calculus, contaminated cementum and junctional epithelium.
B. plaque and calculus exclusively.
C. plaque, calculus and crevicular epithelium.
D. plaque, calculus and contaminated cementum.(ans)
E. all cementum associated with periodontitis.

14. A patient with congestive heart failure may have
1. epistaxis.
2. shortness of breath.
3. rhinophyma.
4. pitting edema of the ankles.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)(ans)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

15. A patient presents with hypodontia, conical teeth, fine, scanty, fair hair, and an intolerance to hot weather. The most likely diagnosis is
A. achondroplasia.
B. malignant hyperthermia.
C. ectodermal dysplasia.(ans)
D. cystic fibrosis.

18. Xerostomia can result from
1. Sjögren’s syndrome.
2. radiation therapy for oral cancer.
3. antidepressant drug therapy.
4. anticholinergics (Atropine).
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.(ans)

19. The muscles used when closing the jaws to maximum intercuspation include
A. medial (internal) and lateral pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
B. temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.(ans)
C. medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter.
D. lateral (external) pterygoid, masseter, temporalis, geniohyoid.

20. Hypothyroidism affects dental development by
A. causing microdontia.
B. delaying the eruption timetable.(ans)
C. causing sclerotic bone to form over the occlusal surface of erupting teeth.
D. accelerating the eruption timetable.

21. The lingual nerve contributes sensory fibers to the
1. tongue.
2. lingual surface of the mandible.
3. floor of the mouth.
4. mandibular posterior teeth.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.(ans)

23. Which antibiotic is chiefly bactericidal?
A. Penicillin.(ans)
B. Erythromycin.
C. Tetracycline.
D. Chloramphenicol.
E. Clindamycin.

24. The periodontium is best able to tolerate forces directed to a tooth
A. horizontally.
B. laterally.
C. obliquely.
D. vertically.(ans)

25. Abnormalities in blood clotting may be associated with a deficiency of vitamin
A. B12.
B. C.
C. E.
D. K.(ans)

26. Molecular attraction between unlike substances is called
A. adhesion.(ans)
B. cohesion.
C. syneresis.
D. absorption.

30. Cleft lip and palate usually result from
A. failure of proper union of the median and lateral nasal processes.
B. failure of the union of the median nasal process with the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.(ans)
C. anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
D. failure of development of both the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.[/QUOTE]
 
dentaldoc81 said:
Hi everybody,
Could somebody please post the answers to these questions. These are from the acfd site sample questions. I read somewhere on the forum that somebody got 15 out of the 30 questions on the site. but i dont know it was in the canadian exam or nbde. But i thought it wouldnt be of any loss if we could get the correct answers to these questions.

1. In a Class I occlusion the buccal cusps of maxillary teeth occlude
A. with the lingual surface of the mandibular teeth.
B. in the central fossa of the mandibular teeth.
C. with the top of the buccal cusp of the mandibular teeth.
D. with the buccal surface of the mandibular teeth.

4. After the crown completion stage, trauma to a developing tooth may be responsible for
A. enamel hypoplasia.
B. gemination.
C. dilaceration.
D. fusion.

9. Which articular disease most often accompanies Sjögren’s syndrome?
A. Suppurative arthritis.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis.
C. Degenerative arthrosis.
D. Psoriatic arthritis.
E. Lupus arthritis.

10. Acute osteomyelitis of the mandible differs from malignant neoplasm because it
A. is asymptomatic.
B. is associated with high fever.
C. has an excellent prognosis.
D. has well defined radiographic margins.

12. The principal microorganism in aggressive periodontitis (juvenile periodontitis) is
A. porphyromonas gingivalis.
B. fusobacterium vincenti.
C. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
D. prevotella intermedia.

13. The objective of scaling and root planing during periodontal therapy is to remove
A. plaque, calculus, contaminated cementum and junctional epithelium.
B. plaque and calculus exclusively.
C. plaque, calculus and crevicular epithelium.
D. plaque, calculus and contaminated cementum.
E. all cementum associated with periodontitis.

14. A patient with congestive heart failure may have
1. epistaxis.
2. shortness of breath.
3. rhinophyma.
4. pitting edema of the ankles.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

15. A patient presents with hypodontia, conical teeth, fine, scanty, fair hair, and an intolerance to hot weather. The most likely diagnosis is
A. achondroplasia.
B. malignant hyperthermia.
C. ectodermal dysplasia.
D. cystic fibrosis.

18. Xerostomia can result from
1. Sjögren’s syndrome.
2. radiation therapy for oral cancer.
3. antidepressant drug therapy.
4. anticholinergics (Atropine).
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

19. The muscles used when closing the jaws to maximum intercuspation include
A. medial (internal) and lateral pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
B. temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
C. medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter.
D. lateral (external) pterygoid, masseter, temporalis, geniohyoid.

20. Hypothyroidism affects dental development by
A. causing microdontia.
B. delaying the eruption timetable.
C. causing sclerotic bone to form over the occlusal surface of erupting teeth.
D. accelerating the eruption timetable.

21. The lingual nerve contributes sensory fibers to the
1. tongue.
2. lingual surface of the mandible.
3. floor of the mouth.
4. mandibular posterior teeth.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

23. Which antibiotic is chiefly bactericidal?
A. Penicillin.
B. Erythromycin.
C. Tetracycline.
D. Chloramphenicol.
E. Clindamycin.

24. The periodontium is best able to tolerate forces directed to a tooth
A. horizontally.
B. laterally.
C. obliquely.
D. vertically.

25. Abnormalities in blood clotting may be associated with a deficiency of vitamin
A. B12.
B. C.
C. E.
D. K.

26. Molecular attraction between unlike substances is called
A. adhesion.
B. cohesion.
C. syneresis.
D. absorption.

30. Cleft lip and palate usually result from
A. failure of proper union of the median and lateral nasal processes.
B. failure of the union of the median nasal process with the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.
C. anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
D. failure of development of both the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.


answers
1-D
4-A
9-B
12-C
13-B
14-C
19-C
20-B
21-B
23-A
25-D
26-A
30-B
Correct me if I'm wrong
 
1. In a Class I occlusion the buccal cusps of maxillary teeth occlude
A. with the lingual surface of the mandibular teeth.
B. in the central fossa of the mandibular teeth.
C. with the top of the buccal cusp of the mandibular teeth.
D. with the buccal surface of the mandibular teeth.


21. The lingual nerve contributes sensory fibers to the
1. tongue.
2. lingual surface of the mandible.
3. floor of the mouth.
4. mandibular posterior teeth.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.





hi,
i don't know how far my answers are correct but the answer for question num 1 is choice D i.e buccal cusps oppose the buccal grooves or embrasures (buccal surfaces)on mandibular teeth.


and for the next question,i believe its choice B i.e (1) and (3) .
mandibular posterios teeth and lingual surface of mandible are suppiled by inferior alveolar nerve .
 
1. In a Class I occlusion the buccal cusps of maxillary teeth occlude
A. with the lingual surface of the mandibular teeth.
B. in the central fossa of the mandibular teeth.(ans)
C. with the top of the buccal cusp of the mandibular teeth.
D. with the buccal surface of the mandibular teeth.
(bcos mesiobuccal is in mesiobuccal groove)

4. After the crown completion stage, trauma to a developing tooth may be responsible for
A. enamel hypoplasia.
B. gemination.
C. dilaceration.(ans)
D. fusion.

9. Which articular disease most often accompanies Sjögren’s syndrome?
A. Suppurative arthritis.
B. Rheumatoid arthritis.(ans)
C. Degenerative arthrosis.
D. Psoriatic arthritis.
E. Lupus arthritis.

10. Acute osteomyelitis of the mandible differs from malignant neoplasm because it
A. is asymptomatic.
B. is associated with high fever.
C. has an excellent prognosis.
D. has well defined radiographic margins.

12. The principal microorganism in aggressive periodontitis (juvenile periodontitis) is
A. porphyromonas gingivalis.
B. fusobacterium vincenti.
C. actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
D. prevotella intermedia.(ans)

13. The objective of scaling and root planing during periodontal therapy is to remove
A. plaque, calculus, contaminated cementum and junctional epithelium.
B. plaque and calculus exclusively.
C. plaque, calculus and crevicular epithelium.
D. plaque, calculus and contaminated cementum.(ans)
E. all cementum associated with periodontitis.
(cannot be plaque and calculus exclusively, bcos one of the reasons is also to achieve a smooth surface on the root surface)

14. A patient with congestive heart failure may have
1. epistaxis.
2. shortness of breath.
3. rhinophyma.
4. pitting edema of the ankles.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)(ans)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.

15. A patient presents with hypodontia, conical teeth, fine, scanty, fair hair, and an intolerance to hot weather. The most likely diagnosis is
A. achondroplasia.
B. malignant hyperthermia.
C. ectodermal dysplasia.(ans)
D. cystic fibrosis.

18. Xerostomia can result from
1. Sjögren’s syndrome.
2. radiation therapy for oral cancer.
3. antidepressant drug therapy.
4. anticholinergics (Atropine).
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.(ans)

19. The muscles used when closing the jaws to maximum intercuspation include
A. medial (internal) and lateral pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.
B. temporalis, medial pterygoid, masseter, geniohyoid.(ans)
C. medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter.
D. lateral (external) pterygoid, masseter, temporalis, geniohyoid.
(geniohyoid assists in depressing the mandible- attachments genial tubercle to hyoid)

20. Hypothyroidism affects dental development by
A. causing microdontia.
B. delaying the eruption timetable.(ans)
C. causing sclerotic bone to form over the occlusal surface of erupting teeth.
D. accelerating the eruption timetable.

21. The lingual nerve contributes sensory fibers to the
1. tongue.
2. lingual surface of the mandible.
3. floor of the mouth.
4. mandibular posterior teeth.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.(ans)
(I think the answer is A. inferior alveolar-sensory for lower posteriors)

23. Which antibiotic is chiefly bactericidal?
A. Penicillin.(ans)
B. Erythromycin.
C. Tetracycline.
D. Chloramphenicol.
E. Clindamycin.

POOR IN PHARMAC>>> dont remember the mech of action of these drugs 😳

24. The periodontium is best able to tolerate forces directed to a tooth
A. horizontally.
B. laterally.
C. obliquely.
D. vertically.(ans)

25. Abnormalities in blood clotting may be associated with a deficiency of vitamin
A. B12.
B. C.
C. E.
D. K.(ans)

26. Molecular attraction between unlike substances is called
A. adhesion.(ans)
B. cohesion.
C. syneresis.
D. absorption.

30. Cleft lip and palate usually result from
A. failure of proper union of the median and lateral nasal processes.
B. failure of the union of the median nasal process with the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.(ans)
C. anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.
D. failure of development of both the lateral nasal and maxillary processes.


Correct me if i m wrong 😀
 
b'lore said:
polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs

a..on ribosomes
b in golgi apparatus
c on the fibroblastic surface
d in rough ER
e. after cleavage of the registration peptide.



in the key ,the answer was given as choice b,i.e in the golgi apparatus.but i believe the answer is a. can anyone explain why it can be choice b ?????


golgi apparatus functions include post translational modification and the sorting of newly synthesized proteins and lipids
 
tamanna said:
golgi apparatus functions include post translational modification and the sorting of newly synthesized proteins and lipids


b'lore said:
polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs

a..on ribosomes
b in golgi apparatus
c on the fibroblastic surface
d in rough ER
e. after cleavage of the registration peptide.



in the key ,the answer was given as choice b,i.e in the golgi apparatus.but i believe the answer is a. can anyone explain why it can be choice b ?????

Individual collagen polypeptide chains are synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes and injected into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as larger precursors, called pro-a chains. These precursors have a short amino-terminal signal peptide that is required to direct the nascent polypeptide into the ER, and additional amino acid sequences at both the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends called propeptides. In the lumen of the ER, selected proline and lysine residues are hydroxylated to form hydroxyproline (HyP) and hydroxylysine (HyL) residues by specific hydroxylase enzymes that require vitamin C. Some of the hydroxylysine residues are glycosylated by specific glycosylation enzymes. Each pro-a chain is a left-handed helix and the three pro-a chains are wrapped in a right handed triple helical molecule known as procollagen. The hydroxyl groups of the HyL and HyP amino acids form interchain hydrogen bonds that help stabilize the triple-stranded helix. Dietary deficiency of vitamin C causes under hydroxylation of the procollagen chains which destabilizes the triple helix and causes scurvy.


REF:http://www.med.ufl.edu/IDP/Core/Section 5/ECM Handout fibrils of ECM 2005.pdf

think the answer is Golgi considering the procollagen is formed in lumen of endoplasmic reticulum. 😀
 
1)an action potential initiated at the midpoint along the lenght of an axon will:
A.not propogate
B.propogate towards the soma
C.propogate towards the nerve ending
D.propogate towards both the soma and the nerve ending

2)an infection speading by way of the lymphatic system from the vermiform appendix first enters the blood stream at the
A.renal vein
B.appendicular vein
C.inferior venacava
D.brachiocephalic vein
E.internal thoracic vein

3)following prophylactic administration of amoxicillin,a pt becomes hypotensive and itchy and is also having difficulty breathing.which of the following is most probably occuring?
A.cd4 lymphocytes are secreting lymphokines resulting in edema
B.amoxicillin reacts with IgE and activates cytotoxic t cells to release lymphokines
C.igG and complement are inducing the chemotaxis of neutrophils out of the vessels
D.igE bound to antigen results in histamine release from mast cells

plz post me the answers along with explanation coz i am not satisfied with the given answers,,, :scared: these questions are from released 2005 paper
 
sweetgal said:
1)an action potential initiated at the midpoint along the lenght of an axon will:
A.not propogate
B.propogate towards the soma
C.propogate towards the nerve ending
D.propogate towards both the soma and the nerve ending
depolarization propagates upstream as well as downstream but doesnt continue through soma as it stops at dendrites

2)an infection speading by way of the lymphatic system from the vermiform appendix first enters the blood stream at the
A.renal vein
B.appendicular vein
C.inferior venacava
D.brachiocephalic vein
E.internal thoracic vein
(venous drainage of vermiform is appendicular vein... so I think that should be the first entry into blood)

3)following prophylactic administration of amoxicillin,a pt becomes hypotensive and itchy and is also having difficulty breathing.which of the following is most probably occuring?
A.cd4 lymphocytes are secreting lymphokines resulting in edema
B.amoxicillin reacts with IgE and activates cytotoxic t cells to release lymphokines
C.igG and complement are inducing the chemotaxis of neutrophils out of the vessels
D.igE bound to antigen results in histamine release from mast cells
(type 1 reaction) not sure of this one 🙁

Correct me if am wrong 😀
 
muscleman7911 said:
Individual collagen polypeptide chains are synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes and injected into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as larger precursors, called pro-a chains. These precursors have a short amino-terminal signal peptide that is required to direct the nascent polypeptide into the ER, and additional amino acid sequences at both the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends called propeptides. In the lumen of the ER, selected proline and lysine residues are hydroxylated to form hydroxyproline (HyP) and hydroxylysine (HyL) residues by specific hydroxylase enzymes that require vitamin C. Some of the hydroxylysine residues are glycosylated by specific glycosylation enzymes. Each pro-a chain is a left-handed helix and the three pro-a chains are wrapped in a right handed triple helical molecule known as procollagen. The hydroxyl groups of the HyL and HyP amino acids form interchain hydrogen bonds that help stabilize the triple-stranded helix. Dietary deficiency of vitamin C causes under hydroxylation of the procollagen chains which destabilizes the triple helix and causes scurvy.


REF:http://www.med.ufl.edu/IDP/Core/Section 5/ECM Handout fibrils of ECM 2005.pdf

think the answer is Golgi considering the procollagen is formed in lumen of endoplasmic reticulum. 😀



o.k..but i am still confused 😕 as the question was about polymerization of aminoacids, which occurs on ribosomes by which alpha-1 and alpha-2 chains are formed and the resultant polypeptide passes into lumen of rough ER.
in ER,two alpha-1 chains and one alpha-2 chain interwine and become linked by disulfide bridges and a triplehelix is formed.then hydroxylation also occurs in ER and this procollagen is passed to Golgi where glycosylation of certain aminoacids takes place.and then procollagen is secreted into the cell.this is the entire process of formation of collagen.

but I would have opted choice a(ribosomes) if the key doesn't say the answer as golgi apparatus.what do you guys say????
 
plz post me the answers along with explanation coz i am not satisfied with the given answers,,, :scared: these questions are from released 2005 paper[/QUOTE]



when was this 2005 paper released?i really dont have any clue about this paper...
 
muscleman7911 said:
sweetgal said:
1)an action potential initiated at the midpoint along the lenght of an axon will:
A.not propogate
B.propogate towards the soma
C.propogate towards the nerve ending
D.propogate towards both the soma and the nerve ending
depolarization propagates upstream as well as downstream but doesnt continue through soma as it stops at dendrites

2)an infection speading by way of the lymphatic system from the vermiform appendix first enters the blood stream at the
A.renal vein
B.appendicular vein
C.inferior venacava
D.brachiocephalic vein
E.internal thoracic vein
(venous drainage of vermiform is appendicular vein... so I think that should be the first entry into blood)

3)following prophylactic administration of amoxicillin,a pt becomes hypotensive and itchy and is also having difficulty breathing.which of the following is most probably occuring?
A.cd4 lymphocytes are secreting lymphokines resulting in edema
B.amoxicillin reacts with IgE and activates cytotoxic t cells to release lymphokines
C.igG and complement are inducing the chemotaxis of neutrophils out of the vessels
D.igE bound to antigen results in histamine release from mast cells
(type 1 reaction) not sure of this one 🙁

Correct me if am wrong 😀
hey muscle man,,thanks for the reply,,,but u know what the answer for 2nd and 3rd question is D and B,,,first one is right and thanks for the explanation,,even i think what u answered for 2nd and 3rd is correct may be the answer in the key is wrong :laugh:
 
b'lore said:
plz post me the answers along with explanation coz i am not satisfied with the given answers,,, :scared: these questions are from released 2005 paper



when was this 2005 paper released?i really dont have any clue about this paper...[/QUOTE]
hi b'lore,,,i purchased this paper from ebay for 10$,,,actually its also available on asda site for 50$ 👍
 
sweetgal said:
muscleman7911 said:
hey muscle man,,thanks for the reply,,,but u know what the answer for 2nd and 3rd question is D and B,,,first one is right and thanks for the explanation,,even i think what u answered for 2nd and 3rd is correct may be the answer in the key is wrong :laugh:


Hi,
thanks for correcting me.
I think the second answer is right, it is brachiocephalic bcos
thoracic duct which is the lymphatic drainage joins this vein.
my mistake.. dint think over the question...

3rd.. one.. no idea.. not good with immunology.. yet to go thru.. lot of stuff.. lOl
thankyou, 😀
 
akg said:
After an automobile accident , a patient's chin deviates to the left on opening mouth widely.His mandible is probably fractured at which of the following points?

a. genial tubercle
b.left condyolar neck
c.right condylar neck
d.left mental foramen
e.right mental foramen

post the correct anwer and justify it with right explanation

The right answer is b,as the fractured side of the condyle cannot bring back the mandible to the right.
 
1) Which of the following muscles has an important influence on the function of the mandible, although it is not generally consirdered a muscle of mastication?
a-omohyoid
b-geniohyoid
c-mylohyoid
d-digastric
e-sternocleidomastoid

2) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence

Please answer.
 
1) Which of the following muscles has an important influence on the function of the mandible, although it is not generally consirdered a muscle of mastication?
a-omohyoid
b-geniohyoid
c-mylohyoid
d-digastric
e-sternocleidomastoid


2) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence (Not sure.. if this is the one)

Correct me if am wrong!!!
Hope am right LOL 😀
 
drkum1 said:
1) Which of the following muscles has an important influence on the function of the mandible, although it is not generally consirdered a muscle of mastication?
a-omohyoid
b-geniohyoid
c-mylohyoid
d-digastric
e-sternocleidomastoid

2) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence

Please answer.
hi answer for these questions
1)d,,2)b
i hope its right :scared:
 
muscleman7911 said:
sweetgal said:
Hi,
thanks for correcting me.
I think the second answer is right, it is brachiocephalic bcos
thoracic duct which is the lymphatic drainage joins this vein.
my mistake.. dint think over the question...

3rd.. one.. no idea.. not good with immunology.. yet to go thru.. lot of stuff.. lOl
thankyou, 😀
thank you muscleman for the explanation 🙂 ,,,u know what answer keys are never wrong,,,we have to think deeply to get the right answer,,,what say 😀
 
muscleman7911 said:
1) Which of the following muscles has an important influence on the function of the mandible, although it is not generally consirdered a muscle of mastication?
a-omohyoid
b-geniohyoid
c-mylohyoid
d-digastric
e-sternocleidomastoid


2) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence (Not sure.. if this is the one)

Correct me if am wrong!!!
Hope am right LOL 😀

Thank's sweetgal & muscleman7911.
 
1.what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA
c.Hbic
d.Hbs

2.viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta
b.aorta
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC

3.Sodium permeability(conductance) in the axon membrane is maximal during:
a.positive afterpotential
b.negative afterpotential
c.ascending phase of action potential
d.descending phase of action potential
👍 👍 👍
 
1.what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA (ans) more precisely HbA1C
c.Hbic
d.Hbs

2.viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta
b.aorta (ans) am not sure of this
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC

3.Sodium permeability(conductance) in the axon membrane is maximal during:
a.positive afterpotential (ans)
b.negative afterpotential
c.ascending phase of action potential
d.descending phase of action potential
 
b'lore said:
1.what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA (ans) more precisely HbA1C
c.Hbic
d.Hbs

2.viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta
b.aorta (ans) am not sure of this
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC

3.Sodium permeability(conductance) in the axon membrane is maximal during:
a.positive afterpotential (ans)
b.negative afterpotential
c.ascending phase of action potential
d.descending phase of action potential


I think the answer for last question should be
c(ascending phase of action potential)

coz ..a. during positive after potential(hyperpolarisation) potassium channels remain open for several milli seconds ,causing inside of membrane more negative than resting membrane potential

...b..during negative after potential (relative refractory period)
in this period Na channel inactivation is ending and potassium
conductance is reaching resting value

..c..ascending phase of action potential ...Na channels open and theres rapid influx of Na ,causing depolarisation .

..d.. descending phase of action potential k channels open and volltage gates on Na channels close




plz correct me if im wrong
 
to me question 2 ? is the best answer and also about 3 i will say c
b'lore said:
1.what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA (ans) more precisely HbA1C
c.Hbic
d.Hbs

2.viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta
b.aorta (ans) am not sure of this
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC

3.Sodium permeability(conductance) in the axon membrane is maximal during:
a.positive afterpotential (ans)
b.negative afterpotential
c.ascending phase of action potential
d.descending phase of action potential
 
thanks guys for the answers,,,insia thank you for the explanation 😀 ,,,and babak can u plz explain why is it pulmonary vein 😕
 
sweetgal said:
Hi sweet gal I was thinking about RBC and o2 saturation any ways never mind pals now I'm not sure but frankly i didn't find anything about Aorta having highest viscosity 🙁 Please someone help me out
 
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