Each of the following lipid classes is incorporated into membranes EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
Cholesterol
Ganglioside
Triglyceride - answer
Sphingomyelin
Phosphatidylcholine
Which of the following is LEAST descriptive of lipids?
Nonpolar
Carbon-containing
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic - answer
The largest amount of body water can be found in which of the following?
Urine
Blood plasma
Intracellular fluid - answer (about 2/3rds the TBW )
Interstitial fluid
Stomach and intestines
The spinal cord is the only structure in the central nervous system necessary for which of the following body functions?
Respiration
Simple reflex - answer
Temperature regulation
Coordinated muscle movement
An action potential in a nerve fiber is considered to be related to
The changed orientation of molecules in the membrane giving rise to a static potential difference.
The entry of sodium ions followed by te exit of potassium ions. (answer)
A breakdown of metabolic products resulting in different concentrations of potassium across the membrane
The flow of electrons across the membrane following change in membrane permeability
When are nerve fibers hypoexcitable?
During resting potential
At the firing level
During local depolarization
During negative after-potential
During positive after-potential - answer
During exercise, muscle tissue accumulates lactic acid. As a result, erythrocytes passing through capillaries in the muscle
Rlease more CO2
Abosorb more CO2
Release more O2
Both 1 and 3 above
Both 2 and 3 above - answer
GABA increases the permeability of postsynaptic membranes to which of the following ions?
Bone
Skin
Heart muscle
Nervous tissue - answer
Connective tissue
The absolute refractory period of skeletal muscle is an interval during which
The stimulus is more than normally effective
The threshold is lowered
The muscle is relaxed.
No stimulus is effective. - answer
Which of the following portions of the cardiovascular system contains the greatest volume of blood?
Arterioles
Capillaries
Systemic veins - answer
Chambers of the heart
Pulmonary vasculature
Edema may be caused by
Constriction of arterioles
Increased permeability of capillaries. - answer
Reduced blood pressure in the capillaries
A tissue oncotic pressure that is lower than that of plasma.
Which of the following changes promotes the formation of extracellular edema?
Increase in tissue fluid hydrostatic pressure
Increase in plasma protein concentration
Decrease in capillary hydrostatic pressure
Capillary filtration exceeds capillary absorption - answer
Capillary absorption exceeds capillary filtration.
In the absence of compensatory changes, a drop in blood pressure results from
Vasoconstriction
Increased hematocrit
Increased stroke volume
Increased cardiac output
Decreased venous return - answer
Sounds heard during systole in the antecubital space are produced by
1. Closure of AV valves
2. Closure of the aortic valve.
3. Turbulent blood flow through the artery - answer
4. Laminar blood flow through the occluded artery.
pls correct me if any ans is wrong.