There have been a few interesting legal actions against insurers for proton denials now.
In addition to the United Healthcare $200 M judgment for the Las Vegas patient above, Aetna has a class action suit against it for breast and prostate cancer:
A Florida judge ruled against Aetna in a class-action lawsuit over the payer's denied coverage of proton beam radiation therapy for cancer patients.
www.beckerspayer.com
There was also the 2018 Oklahoma verdict against Aetna for a Head & Neck cancer patient, a $25.5 M award:
An Oklahoma verdict against Aetna highlights insurer reluctance to pay for proton beam therapy.
www.ajmc.com
United Healthcare is also facing a class action lawsuit:
A federal judge in Boston on Monday allowed three cancer survivors to proceed with their potential class action against UnitedHealthcare Insurance, alleging it “deceptively and unfairly administered their ERISA plans by refusing to cover Proton Beam Radiation Therapy (PBRT) … because it is more...
www.reuters.com
and has had legal problems from judges and lawyers with prostate cancer:
A federal judge blasted UnitedHealthcare last month for its "immoral and barbaric" denials of treatment for cancer patients. He made the comments in recusing himself from hearing a class-action lawsuit because of his own cancer battle -- and in so doing thrust himself into a heated debate in the...
www.cnn.com
One of the arguments in legal cases has to do with age-based discrimination, because protons are a standard benefit for patients under 19 (Medicaid) and over 65 (Medicare). There is no medical reason why turning 19 or 65 would suddenly qualify or disqualify someone for a particular treatment type, e.g. protons for craniospinal in a 22 year old with medulloblastoma, which I've seen denied.