I recently interviewed at a couple of DO schools that are provisionally accredited. I just wanted to get some opinions about whether or not my chances for residency would be different graduating from a school with provisional accreditation, or I would be able to get have the same chances.
Provisional accreditation is for schools that have not yet graduated their first class. If you are going somewhere that will graduate two classes before you (ACOM, MUCOM, or CUSOM), its very likely that your school will have full accreditation by the time you apply for residency. If you are going somewhere that has only class ahead of you (LUCOM), then it may or may not have full accreditation when you apply for residency (depending on when the COCA site-visit happens). If you are in the inaugural class of a school, it definitely will not have full accreditation when you apply for residency.
Now that that's clear, obviously a school that has a reputation and has alumni is a safer bet for PDs than one that does not, but the degree to which this is the case varies significantly depending on what type of programs you're applying to and where. This has nothing to do with accreditation, and everything to do with what I mentioned (a reputation and successful alumni). Personally, I would strongly suggest attending a school that has proven success, if you have that option. If not, it really doesn't matter much. Obviously, above all you should like wherever you go.
As someone above said, the actual reputation of your school is, generally speaking, pretty low on the list when you are considered by residency programs, especially if you are applying ACGME, where most PDs lump DOs into one category.