PsyD vs PhD: Addressing Anti-Psyd Sentiments

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It could also solve the MATCH issue if we increase the number of internship placements in integrative primary care. Given how psychologists can reduce physician utilization and decrease costs, and that there is a huge shortage in medical primary care providers, it seems like a match made in heaven, if you will excuse the pun. However, those internship settings really don't exist.

They do exist. There are plenty of hospital, med center, and VA internships that offer experiences in primary care. My internship site (VA) is one of them and my postdoc next year will have an emphasis on primary care mental health integration (PCMHI). As evidenced by the postdoc announcements this year, PCMHI and rural psychology appear to be the largest growing specialty areas in the VA.

Frankly given actual societal needs in mental health and primary health care and the actual number of psychologists in the US, we have a huge under-supply. The problem is that the profession is stuck in training models and mindsets that are 30 years old. Can you imagine a scientist practitioner program producing psychologists to work in primary care? Heaven forbid! The elitism and academic snobbery of the kind that is rampant on this board would stifle that! Yet to survive, we as a profession need to create new and different roles within the primary healthcare system and beyond. Until that happens we will be the red-headed bastard stepchild of healthcare, albeit one with a raging narcissistic personality disorder.

Why would scientist practitioner programs not produce primary care psychologists? Please explain.

edit: Just saw that cara susanna already asked this. Sorry for repeat. But please do explain. 😉
 
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Primary care psychology is not uncharted terrain. It is a budding area of training and employment for psychologists, but not a viable direction for correcting the internship imbalance. Many internships, post docs, and jobs in large medical settings will not consider professional school PsyDs.
 
The VA is staring to have more psychologists in the Primary Care area. There are some PC fellowships out there. Michigan State has a 2 year fellowship. There is a prestigious one in the Boston area, and a handful other solid sites around the country.
 
Re: drummers -- Bill Bruford.

Re: Naive? Yes, our unie students have been acting naive. Oops, did I say something wrong?
 
Has anyone considered those who have to make hiring/training decisions? Many people in executive decisions are busy and a carry a lot of responsibility with their decisions. I conceptualize the issue from a gate-keeping perspective. When you apply to college, no one asks for your records from junior high and before. When you apply for graduate school, no one asks for your records from high school and before. When you apply for internships or postdoctoral positions no one asks for your college transcripts. At least they shouldn't have to. One level should serve as a indicator that the levels before it were satisfactory. The lax admissions standards at professional schools make that a much riskier gamble. If you think the perception of professional schools is rough on this forum, wait until you hear what is said behind closed doors by the people who matter. Nothing. They are simply tossing your application in the trash. For that reason alone, one would expect professional school students to take a strong stand in the fight for at least raising admissions standards at their institutions.
 
Has anyone considered those who have to make hiring/training decisions? Many people in executive decisions are busy and a carry a lot of responsibility with their decisions. I conceptualize the issue from a gate-keeping perspective. When you apply to college, no one asks for your records from junior high and before. When you apply for graduate school, no one asks for your records from high school and before. When you apply for internships or postdoctoral positions no one asks for your college transcripts. At least they shouldn't have to. One level should serve as a indicator that the levels before it were satisfactory. The lax admissions standards at professional schools make that a much riskier gamble. If you think the perception of professional schools is rough on this forum, wait until you hear what is said behind closed doors by the people who matter. Nothing. They are simply tossing your application in the trash. For that reason alone, one would expect professional school students to take a strong stand in the fight for at least raising admissions standards at their institutions.

I agree, especially in light of the essential absence of any standardized national exit exam(s) between grad school and internship, as well as any nationally-standardized and widely-adopted/agreed-upon licensing/practical competence criteria.

Not that I'm saying we need a national grad school exit exam (although I would be in favor of national training standards and licensing exams), mind you. But if we don't have these exams AND we have such a wide variability in training programs, it would seem to make things more difficult on admissions committees and training/hiring directors.

Edit: Also, based on discussions here and elsewhere on the forums, and for my own edification, I decided to look up the CAPIC internship site standards (available here: http://www.capic.net/material/Internship_Membership/CAPIC_Predoctoral_Criteria_w_clarifications.pdf) and compare them to APPIC's standards (available here: http://www.appic.org/about/APPIC%20MEMBERSHIP%20%20CRITERIA%20%20Internships%20rev%20June%2009.doc).

They're essentially identical (as in, literally, word-for-word the same) in most areas. The main differences I was able to find were:

1) CAPIC explicitly requires a multicultural component and two extra hours of didactics/week (four for CAPIC, two for APPIC)

2) CAPIC adds in wording to include "half-time" programs as eligible for contention, and changes some of the supervision-related requirements for half-time internships

3) CAPIC has the same 9-month, 1500-hour minimum as APPIC, but does not include APPIC's 24-month duration cap

4) CAPIC entirely removes APPIC's requirement #16 for adequate funding in all but "unusual" circumstances

Given the significant similarity between the documents, I do wonder why CAPIC felt the need to develop their own standards other than to allow for extension of internship duration and removal of the requirement to adequately fund interns? I do like the inclusion of the multicultural component (might be in APPIC's requirements somewhere, but I didn't see it), but am uncertain if that and the two extra hours of didactics would've been the sole impetus behind the desire for a separate set of standards...?
 
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Thanks, AA. This has been my understanding and my question as well. I'd add -- what's the beef with CAPIC?

I agree, especially in light of the essential absence of any standardized national exit exam(s) between grad school and internship, as well as any nationally-standardized and widely-adopted/agreed-upon licensing/practical competence criteria.

Not that I'm saying we need a national grad school exit exam (although I would be in favor of national training standards and licensing exams), mind you. But if we don't have these exams AND we have such a wide variability in training programs, it would seem to make things more difficult on admissions committees and training/hiring directors.

Edit: Also, based on discussions here and elsewhere on the forums, and for my own edification, I decided to look up the CAPIC internship site standards (available here: http://www.capic.net/material/Internship_Membership/CAPIC_Predoctoral_Criteria_w_clarifications.pdf) and compare them to APPIC's standards (available here: http://www.appic.org/about/APPIC%20MEMBERSHIP%20%20CRITERIA%20%20Internships%20rev%20June%2009.doc).

They're essentially identical (as in, literally, word-for-word the same) in most areas. The main differences I was able to find were:

1) CAPIC explicitly requires a multicultural component and two extra hours of didactics/week (four for CAPIC, two for APPIC)

2) CAPIC adds in wording to include "half-time" programs as eligible for contention, and changes some of the supervision-related requirements for half-time internships

3) CAPIC has the same 9-month, 1500-hour minimum as APPIC, but does not include APPIC's 24-month duration cap

4) CAPIC entirely removes APPIC's requirement #16 for adequate funding in all but "unusual" circumstances

Given the significant similarity between the documents, I do wonder why CAPIC felt the need to develop their own standards other than to allow for extension of internship duration and removal of the requirement to adequately fund interns? I do like the inclusion of the multicultural component (might be in APPIC's requirements somewhere, but I didn't see it), but am uncertain if that and the two extra hours of didactics would've been the sole impetus behind the desire for a separate set of standards...?
 
Thanks, AA. This has been my understanding and my question as well. I'd add -- what's the beef with CAPIC?

They are circumventing the accepted standard of training (APPIC). They also may have set standards, but that doesn't mean they are being enforced. APPIC is not perfect, and the APA-acred. of internship sites can seem excessive at times (I've been through the process once), it at least allows for a pretty comprehensive review of each site.
 
Thanks, AA. This has been my understanding and my question as well. I'd add -- what's the beef with CAPIC?

If I had to hazard a guess about what the issue with CAPIC might be, I would say it has to do with the question of: why develop an entirely separate accreditation board and matching process if the majority of the internship site requirements are the same as those for APPIC? This is likely what others in the thread were referring to when they mentioned that they felt it came across as an attempt to circumvent existing national standards (i.e., the "hostile takeover" comments).
 
Let me just say, if the PhD system worked and did the job it was intended to do in the US in terms of churning out enough quality clinicians to serve the needs of the population, the Vail model would've been DOA. As it was, the PhD system kept people like me out (because obviously I just wasn't up to snuff), so we had no choice but to pursue a clinical, professional degree.

That suggests that the reason for the success for professional schools is because of market demand from patients. I don't think that's the case. I think it's because of market demand from students.
 
Has anyone considered those who have to make hiring/training decisions? Many people in executive decisions are busy and a carry a lot of responsibility with their decisions. I conceptualize the issue from a gate-keeping perspective. When you apply to college, no one asks for your records from junior high and before. When you apply for graduate school, no one asks for your records from high school and before. When you apply for internships or postdoctoral positions no one asks for your college transcripts. At least they shouldn't have to. One level should serve as a indicator that the levels before it were satisfactory. The lax admissions standards at professional schools make that a much riskier gamble. If you think the perception of professional schools is rough on this forum, wait until you hear what is said behind closed doors by the people who matter. Nothing. They are simply tossing your application in the trash. For that reason alone, one would expect professional school students to take a strong stand in the fight for at least raising admissions standards at their institutions.

Many 👍s.

This is where I was coming from when I said I don't care to sway people who will dismiss this discussion or efforts to address the problem because they don't like the phrasing. Semantics are NOTHING in comparison to a job market that won't even bother to discuss you, your training, or your candidacy if you are coming from a FSPS.
 
Many 👍s.

This is where I was coming from when I said I don't care to sway people who will dismiss this discussion or efforts to address the problem because they don't like the phrasing. Semantics are NOTHING in comparison to a job market that won't even bother to discuss you, your training, or your candidacy if you are coming from a FSPS.


Yup. I have heard it myself. When I told my practicum supervisor that I would be applying to PsyD programs, he replied with "Ok, but you're not applying to any of the crappy ones."

I will be soon starting my PsyD at a University, and honestly, I still feel that there is a stigma attached to this (PsyD versus PhD). The only thing that I can do to overcome that stigma is to continue active involvement in research and set myself apart. I cannot imagine how much more difficult this would be to do at a professional school.
 
Not sure who this thread is supposed to be "addressing," but the FSPS students who participate in SDN deserve better treatment than is being doled out here and on the petition to the APA thread http://forums.studentdoctor.net/showthread.php?t=808593. Let me rephrase that. I and the other folks going to FSPS deserve the same respect you would otherwise reserve for yourselves. Juvenile posturing such as calling our programs "****" or a "blight on psychology" is almost the smaller point. The argument is made that these programs are public safety risks. These are claims made by people speaking as scientists, yet their most compelling arguments rely on arbitrary ethics and rickety logic masquerading as valid data and irrefutable proof. The discussion does not simply lapse into absurdity, it starts there.

For example. It's frequently stated that large class sizes will keep people from getting adequate supervision, mentoring, and development opportunities. Prove it. In my first year practicum at this blighted FSPS I get about 5 hours/week direct service (super light, I admit, but hey – it's first year and lots of students elsewhere don't get a jot until second year) coupled with 7.5 hours supervision (individual and small group of 4-6 people) and case conference ( 7-8 people). I call that an embarrassment of riches. It is harder to quantify the ease with which I can contact professors, join committees, attend community events, etc. Because of the variety of supervisory sources (in school and in the community) and the large cohort size we are getting a pretty rich exposure to a huge number of perspectives. It's called synergy, folks.

And while a greater percentage of my FSPS training (compared to the Unie experience) is community based, EVEN IF the agencies/programs/practices I interact with are often economically and emotionally battered, there is a wealth there that is at least as great as you find in your universities, and it's not all wrapped up in a pretty bow for us, meaning we learn in the hurly burly of making our way. Further, while it has been argued that Unies are superior training environments because of the rich cross-departmental support, I'll but there's a fair amount of rigidity and interdepartmental competition for scarce resources in academia today…let's not pretend the unies are perfect little utopias. Lastly, not every one of our faculty members comes from a clinical background, either.

I say this not to tout my program, but to suggest that the arguments against my program actually begin to seem bewilderingly retiring for a discipline as young and promising as psychology. I have stated that the problems of our day and age are complex, interdependent and open ended. The anti-FSPS crowd repeatedly stakes positions that imply psychology should cede leadership in the overcoming of such "low rung" challenges to the so-called "mid-levels" (the LCSWs and MFTs). All too often the preferred courses seem to be either turning back the clock to a time when clinical psychology was limited to assessment and testing, serving the military, or wailing for equal footing with psychiatry.

Psychology has done and can do better, and the folks at my little program and others like it are proving it every day in the communities we serve. The Unie folks should be grateful not simply because we may be helping friends and relations, but also because this is a model of participatory research that serves as ample material for you to work with, in your own model of science, too. I am not only imagining but working the PsyD degree as a community/ clinical psych hybrid. I hope its not too blighted a heresy to you all to suggest the science conducted at this little FSPS may even trickle up to your labs. :prof:

Again, it's called synergy folks. You may not want to do the work I'm doing, I may not want to do the work you're doing. I couldn't care less if you throw my CV in the trash (and it's debatable whether I'd even apply), but you only limit the field if you deny the dialectic. The PsyDs and PhDs who do this "low rung" work have my respect. Do you really imagine they are just wallowing in the dreck because they have nothing better to do? For some, work at this level is a calling and could never be a simple trophy hunt. What I'm thinking is there is a myth of "less leading edge" work – if a job posts for MFT/LCSW/PsyD/PhD, the degree is simply the entry level requirement. There will be questions as to why an agency that is strapped for cash should pay for a doctor when it could have a masters level clinician. Once on the job, if the PhD/PsyDs let their training and performance be equated with a lesser degree then that's their fault, but it also is a loss for psychology not because it drags the salary of the folks from the unies down – it represents a blown opportunity to create inroads for psychological innovation. Innovation that could just as easily be a Unie's big meal ticket if they know how to examine it. Not that we are all saints, but how dare anybody question FSPSers interest to make use of the IBR plan(s)!!

The question has been raised about what subjects should be used as pre-reqs in clinical psychology departments, and folks laughed about calculus, swooned over neuroanatomy, bio, etc. If we included first ethics, the history of dialectical methods, the life and times of Freud, the history of civil rights movements, labor history, the history of Islamic science, multi-cultural awareness, etc., can you imagine how things would change?

And the professional schools, whether free standing or not, do not – as a class – provide a shortcut to the title of doctor. I'm here because of a twenty year sojourn, and the work I'm doing is rigorous and exhilarating, thank you. Professional schools, be they free standing or not, often provide a different model for folks who have a different life path than you and also a different prize in mind for psychology. For anybody to call concerns born of this observation "petty" and "nit-picking" is just way out of touch not simply with your fellow students but also with areas for profound innovation. It's a shame that the best you can do is to look at what you don't understand in your fellow professionals and psychologists-to-be and simply beg that it be banished.

As for naivete, self-centeredness, blindness, or other pejoratives that have been hurled at those who would seek to study or are currently studying at FSPSs: Let me flip the terms for you, and see how it sits. Please don't necessarily believe that I necessarily believe the following formulation: Many folks who dream of going to the unies are lured by the dream of power and prestige. They work hard to demonstrate that their unsullied and unimpeachable rationality will be the highest octane fuel for the progressive machine. They are hooked at a time (mid to late adolescence/early adulthood) when they are most floridly authoritarian. They achieve their dreams and come out sounding like elitists. They find work for the military and/or pharmaceutical-industrial/medical complex (note the argument is that FSPSers do not stand a chance at such coveted positions). They argue that while greed may not be good, they are entitled to big dollars and above working in the trenches because they've paid their dues and they can show all the data in their scientific power to generate that their expertise is critical to helping the machine run at optimal efficiency. The machine that starts the wars which dig the trenches that drain the wealth from the communities. Are these child psychologist-soldiers any more enlightened?

Lastly, note: I am not saying I am against raising standards in the profession. I am all for raising standards in the communities we serve, to exempt the profession would be to undermine the community. I addressed many of the above points, and others, in the petition thread. What I am against is the broad based, all or nothing attacks on the PsyD degree in general and the myopic call to shut down FSPSs in particular.

Thanks for your time.
 
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Lastly, note: I am not saying I am against raising standards in the profession. I am all for raising standards in the communities we serve, to exempt the profession would be to undermine the community. I addressed many of the above points, and others, in the petition thread. What I am against is the broad based, all or nothing attacks on the PsyD degree in general and the myopic call to shut down FSPSs in particular.


Wonderful. Comply with APA standards including internship selection, don't charge medical school prices or higher, accept students with the same qualifications as other programs in clinical psychology, don't expand without regard for the market (be better stewards of the professional landscape), and hire better faculty.
 
The argument is made that these programs are public safety risks. These are claims made by people speaking as scientists, yet their most compelling arguments rely on arbitrary ethics and rickety logic masquerading as valid data and irrefutable proof. The discussion does not simply lapse into absurdity, it starts there.

Neither thread specifically started by singling out FSPS. The petition letter makes no mention of FSPS. I do not see a solid line between FSPS and other psyd programs. But, now that you mention it.

- match rates to appic or apa are lower in most fsps than average. further, at some, the policy is to avoid that system altogether.

- admission standards are lower than compared with other schools of doctoral level psychology

- costs are substantially higher, causing more debt (there are articles demonstrating a relationship between debt and stress)

- average EPPP scores are lower

- science requirements are lower


So, is it really absurd to suggest that more debt, lower quality students (in terms of prior academic accomplishment on average), loose compliance with APA standards, lower emphasis on science, and poorer performance on licensing exams combined with ever increasing proportions of our new graduates coming from these programs (meaning, establishing a new modal psychologists) could represent a public health threat? Does quality not matter in psychology? Are we saying that knowledge is irrelevant, that stress in our professionals is irrelevant, that having most of our students come from established universities is irrelevant? I'm having a hard time labeling these premises as absurd.


This is not to mention that the student takes on substantially more risk in attending such a program. So, not only is it a potential public health risk, it is a risk to the health of students that choose the programs (debt, employment options, these things are psychosocial stressors), and, because of the expansion rate, it is a risk to the profession and other professionals in the field.
 
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And while a greater percentage of my FSPS training (compared to the Unie experience) is community based, EVEN IF the agencies/programs/practices I interact with are often economically and emotionally battered, there is a wealth there that is at least as great as you find in your universities, and it's not all wrapped up in a pretty bow for us, meaning we learn in the hurly burly of making our way.

I don't understand. Do you think universities don't have clinics or options to participate in clinics that serve the surrounding communities? What, you think they only see college students at counseling centers? Not to belittle that as there is a lot more pathology in that population than you might think if you haven't worked with it.

Also, we don't want you making your own way as a student. That's how we end up with tons of seat of the pants, "eclectic" therapists.
 
The Unie folks should be grateful not simply because we may be helping friends and relations, but also because this is a model of participatory research that serves as ample material for you to work with,

What does this mean?
 
If we included first ethics, the history of dialectical methods, the life and times of Freud, the history of civil rights movements, labor history, the history of Islamic science, multi-cultural awareness, etc., can you imagine how things would change?

While interesting, this is a bunch of fluff with respect to learning the science of the field. It is pretty much par for undergrad psychology to be exactly that (non scientific). Why would we have as a core requirement in a psychology undergrad program, Islamic science? History? For what purpose would we do that? It seems to me that these should be part of a liberal arts education (AA degree) should a student choose to participate. But, not requirements for a degree in psychology. Courses relevant to undergrad psych in my opinion:

History and systems
Abnormal psychology (adult and child)
statistics (multiple courses, preferable)
various biology classes, emphasis on neurobiology
neuroscience
research methods
sensation and perception
psychophysiology
developmental psych


and so on.
 
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Really, JSnow, you're wide of the mark. Try again when you get the gist. Your cheese is on the move, but the sky aint falling...:eyebrow:
 
I happen to have a PhD from a small university based program AND I think Buzzword makes a set of excellent points that are often overlooked or shot down when folks fall into the VERSUS debate. The problems affecting everyone in the field are well beyond the "which set of letters should win" or is "better." Social work has done a far, far better job in the advocacy sense in terms of keeping the welfare of the whole profession in the forefront and finding ways not to get polarized, even when there are often fierce "differences" within folks political/social/economic stances. If we are going to fare better as a profession we need to make the developmental step from VS to AND.
 
????

Sounds like a word salad to me lol

Good one! Next? I suppose we'll be getting a check in from all the most polarizing figures on this thread, each with a polarizing dig (more of a scratch). In that regard, thank you docma for the vote of confidence.
 
Docma,

I can accept "and" given a few parameters. But, "and" with the current setup seems wrong to me.
 
I don't understand. Do you think universities don't have clinics or options to participate in clinics that serve the surrounding communities? What, you think they only see college students at counseling centers? Not to belittle that as there is a lot more pathology in that population than you might think if you haven't worked with it.

Also, we don't want you making your own way as a student. That's how we end up with tons of seat of the pants, "eclectic" therapists.

This. Buzzworldsoldier, you seem to be under the impression that the FSPS model has replaced the university with the community as a training ground. So, according to you, the FSPS students saintly work with the underserved where us university students...do what now? I'm not exactly clear what your impression is. Well, we work in the same places you do, in hospitals where there is no money to spare and in day programs where the staff double as the janitorial crew. Even if some universities have their own clinics, who do you think comes in to take advantage of the services provided? Believe it or not, universities provide training in community issues too.

Anyway, no one is arguing that FSPS can't provide similar practical training to universities via these routes you speak of. When people bring up the size of cohorts, they are not concerned about how much supervision you are getting at your pracitcum site, they are concerned about how much contact you have with the faculty. As students, we do learn from courses and from mentors, so the availability of these professors is highly important.

You bring up the old argument (whether you buy into it or not), that those of us at universities were born with silver spoons in our mouths. We are from a more privileged background than the salt of the earth FSPS students. Yep...Except that makes no sense. Many of us chose the university route by necessity because our families could not afford to pay the tuition at the professional schools. Paying for an unfunded program was not an option for me monetarily so I worked until I could gain a position with funding. I don't have a problem with the IBR options in theory, but I do have a problem with students borrowing irresponsibly from tax payers and then expecting they can make a certain number of reduced IBR payments and have the rest of their debt forgiven. Who is being entitled in that scenario?
 
Anyway, no one is arguing that FSPS can't provide similar practical training to universities via these routes you speak of. When people bring up the size of cohorts, they are not concerned about how much supervision you are getting at your pracitcum site, they are concerned about how much contact you have with the faculty. As students, we do learn from courses and from mentors, so the availability of these professors is highly important.

Actually, just to jump in here, that very much is a concern of mine. That doesn't mean that ALL practica sites are bad, but I find it very difficult to believe that some of these institutions can find extremely high-quality practica sites for all of the many students that are admitted. Some (many) may do fine but I don't like the idea of institutions accepted more students than they can give good training to and still graduating those who don't necessarily get good training. All students should have the opportuntiy to get good training. I am in a large urban area, we actually formally were a community psychology program so still have strong ties with a number of outside sites. I don't think we have as many clinical students total as the local Argosy accepts per year. We also struggle to find sites that are capable of training students in the high-quality, evidence-based care that we are expected to provide. Many of the places the Argosy students work are places that were dropped from our list of approved externships because for one reason or another, the training was deemed poor (most frequently, lack of evidence-based practitioners, lack of quality supervisors in general, etc.). Working in the community is admirable, but "training" should be just that...learning to do things well while being educated so that people can go into the community and make it better. Again, there are many places that are capable of providing great training on a shoe-string budget and that's great - we need more places like that. However, I find it hard to believe that a school that needs to place 250 students in practica can be as selective as a school that needs to place a fraction of that number. This is of course anecdotal, but I'd love to hear arguments against it.

I also see a whole lot of calls for "evidence" on this thread and the other one, but my view is that the burden should lie with the professional schools to provide that evidence. We have an accepted standard that by most objective markers, is being lowered by these institutions. Arguments about the validity of those markers are perfectly valid, and a fair point. However, I'm uncomfortable with the notion that it is "okay" to continue lowering standards until someone conducts an expensive, time-consuming study that proves that it is causing a problem. I'd very much like to see that study done, and if it is shown that the likelihood of someone having a solid understanding of the field as a whole (i.e. not just a "therapy technician"), appropriate training to engage in evidence-based practices and actual use of them, ability to comprehend the scientific literature, etc. is not related to graduate training, than my views may change. Until then, I think the burden of proof lies with those seeking to change the accepted standard.
 
Just a quick check in at this point-- I do like this conversation and hope it can continue to be respectfully managed. I disagree about the burden of proof. OG, JSnow and others have statd the FSPS should be shut down. That is their argument to answer for, their burden of proof, unless they're the czars of psychology.

Actually, just to jump in here, that very much is a concern of mine. That doesn't mean that ALL practica sites are bad, but I find it very difficult to believe that some of these institutions can find extremely high-quality practica sites for all of the many students that are admitted. Some (many) may do fine but I don't like the idea of institutions accepted more students than they can give good training to and still graduating those who don't necessarily get good training. All students should have the opportuntiy to get good training. I am in a large urban area, we actually formally were a community psychology program so still have strong ties with a number of outside sites. I don't think we have as many clinical students total as the local Argosy accepts per year. We also struggle to find sites that are capable of training students in the high-quality, evidence-based care that we are expected to provide. Many of the places the Argosy students work are places that were dropped from our list of approved externships because for one reason or another, the training was deemed poor (most frequently, lack of evidence-based practitioners, lack of quality supervisors in general, etc.). Working in the community is admirable, but "training" should be just that...learning to do things well while being educated so that people can go into the community and make it better. Again, there are many places that are capable of providing great training on a shoe-string budget and that's great - we need more places like that. However, I find it hard to believe that a school that needs to place 250 students in practica can be as selective as a school that needs to place a fraction of that number. This is of course anecdotal, but I'd love to hear arguments against it.

I also see a whole lot of calls for "evidence" on this thread and the other one, but my view is that the burden should lie with the professional schools to provide that evidence. We have an accepted standard that by most objective markers, is being lowered by these institutions. Arguments about the validity of those markers are perfectly valid, and a fair point. However, I'm uncomfortable with the notion that it is "okay" to continue lowering standards until someone conducts an expensive, time-consuming study that proves that it is causing a problem. I'd very much like to see that study done, and if it is shown that the likelihood of someone having a solid understanding of the field as a whole (i.e. not just a "therapy technician"), appropriate training to engage in evidence-based practices and actual use of them, ability to comprehend the scientific literature, etc. is not related to graduate training, than my views may change. Until then, I think the burden of proof lies with those seeking to change the accepted standard.
 
I disagree about the burden of proof. OG, JSnow and others have statd the FSPS should be shut down. That is their argument to answer for, their burden of proof, unless they're the czars of psychology.

They should never have been opened.



But, be that as it may, I've given proof:

- lower match rates at APA sites
- more debt
- lower scores on licensing exams
- lower quality students (as evidenced by GPA, GRE scores)
- we could also poll training directors around the country

Why do we need more than that?
 
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Just a quick check in at this point-- I do like this conversation and hope it can continue to be respectfully managed. I disagree about the burden of proof. OG, JSnow and others have statd the FSPS should be shut down. That is their argument to answer for, their burden of proof, unless they're the czars of psychology.

Or perhaps you are blatantly ignoring the evidence?

Please explain how admitting students into a doctoral program without a GRE or solid GPA is good for the patients or the field? Would you ever see a physician who did not take the MCAT or hire an attorney who had a low GPA? Where did this sudden increase in patients come from that warranted an explosion of cohort sizes since the 90's? Why in the world does any program need to admit 100 students/year? Why are the EPPP scores and match rates so different between Baylor and Fielding, for instance? What is your school providing that justifies medical school tuition while others are partially funded or nearly free?

Without a soliloquy or smart aleck comeback, would you please answer these questions.

*oops, JS beat me to the punch*
 
For now OG I'll simply say there's a major difference between raising standards and shutting down. You and many of the self-beknighted anti-FSPS crowd seem to either fail to recognize or refuse to discuss that.
 
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Here's an article discussing the various issues across training models.

Graham JM, Yang-Hyang K. Predictors of doctoral student success in professional psychology: characteristics of students, programs and universities. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2011;67
 
You and many of the self-beknighted anti-FSPS crowd seem to fail to recognize that

I don't see raising standards as an alternative. The programs are fringe of academia; they don't have the resources to raise their standards to par. Some of that is okay, I guess. But they represent far too many of our graduates now. It's devaluing the field, in my opinion.
 
For now OG I'll simply say there's a major difference between raising standards and shutting down. You and many of the self-beknighted anti-FSPS crowd seem to fail to recognize that

:lame:

So you will write whole novels in defense of them, but have nothing to say in response to these problems?
 
"The Vail, or scholar-practitioner model, emphasizes clinical training over training in research. To differentiate the Vail and Boulder training models, Vail model graduates receive a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD), rather than the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) that is bestowed on graduates of traditional research-oriented programs (Peterson, 1976). Admission to PsyD programs tends to be less competitive than traditional PhD programs, with the acceptance rates of PsyD programs being almost four times as high as those of PhD programs (Mayne, Norcross, & Sayette, 1994; Norcross, Castle, Sayette, & Mayne, 2004; Norcross et al., 2004). The incoming class size of PsyD programs is over three times larger than the average PhD program (Norcross et al., 2005). Although there are fewer PsyD programs, the growth in PsyD students has been disproportionately larger (Peterson, 2003) producing more students each year than PhD programs (Norcross et al., 2005). Coupled with concerns about lower admission standards, this has been taken by some as evidence that the net effect of PsyD programs is to flood the field of psychology with lower quality (by traditional academic standards) psychologists. For example, when EPPP scores rank programs, the number of graduates from the lowest quartile (comprised primarily of PsyD programs) outnumbers those from the highest quartile (comprised primarily of clinical PhD programs) by over three to one (Yu et al., 1997). Maher (1999) found that the largest increase in the percentage of doctorates granted has been from the programs ranked in the lowest quartile of faculty scholarly quality. Thus, the largest increase in graduates is occurring primarily in schools with poor research programs"

a paragraph from the article. . .don't know about you, but that pisses me off.

also from the article,

"PhD programs outperformed PsyD programs for all outcomes"

Also, the article supports my notion that the FSPS aren't materially different from most university based psyd programs. The article did not examine funded psyd versus unfunded psyd (I don't think).

I think, in general, you're going to have a hard time attracting good faculty to programs from the NCSPP list (or whatever it is). They don't have the resources, prestige, or student populations of other universities. And, to go to one as a faculty member would almost be career suicide as far as more resource-heavy institutions.
 
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a paragraph from the article. . .don't know about you, but that pisses me

Pissed as well. I want to get to a point where *we* are all about advocating for our field, like docma pointed out--but NOT when our field has been hijacked. Once we sort out the standards and trim the fat, I think our advocacy efforts will be more meaningful. Right now, given the downward trend in our profession, we do not stand a snowball's chance of arguing for higher reimbursements or distinguishing ourselves from mid-level practitioners. Hell, some of these FSPSs are taking in students who probably can't get into a solid master's program.
 
Here's an article discussing the various issues across training models.

Graham JM, Yang-Hyang K. Predictors of doctoral student success in professional psychology: characteristics of students, programs and universities. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2011;67

Just to clarify...it is Issue 4, pg. 340-354, April 2011, so people don't need to poke through all of the 2011 issues.
 
Yes. But absent the super-hero cape which unies seem to get, inbetween classes, commutes, being a family man, and various medical appointments today, I simply have to prioritize. I'm actually waiting to be discharged as I type. Wheeeeee!

:lame:

So you will write whole novels in defense of them, but have nothing to say in response to these problems?
 
How nice to be considered a novelist! What % of psychologists can be swayed by the power of the written word?
 
Just a quick check in at this point-- I do like this conversation and hope it can continue to be respectfully managed. I disagree about the burden of proof. OG, JSnow and others have statd the FSPS should be shut down. That is their argument to answer for, their burden of proof, unless they're the czars of psychology.

Is it?

Two questions I have.

1) If instead of "shut down" they had said "Raise their standards and outcomes to levels comparable to traditional programs, or be shut down", would you feel differently about this discussion? I hold nothing in particular against these programs beyond what I perceive as shockingly low admission standards and evidence of poor outcomes by nearly all available outcome measures (though agree it would be nice to have more). I suspect if these schools did that, we wouldn't be having this discussion. However, I have serious doubts asking these schools to maintain comparable standards is viable for them.

2) Why does the burden of proof lie with traditional institutions, rather than new? When a new medication is developed, its up to the developers to prove it is up to industry standards. They don't get to release it and place the burden on others to prove that it doesn't work. Actually this is perhaps not the best example, given the politics involved (though I suppose that holds for APA accreditation as well - which I suspect played a role in how these schools obtained APA accreditation in the first place).

While personally, I'd be thrilled to see these institutions close their doors - I realize that isn't in my, or really anyone's authority to say (can the DOE even order a school closed? I don't believe so). The only power lies in accreditation, and I firmly believe that the APA should not be accrediting these schools. Since they seem to be continuing to do so, I've thrown my support into other organizations that have made it clear they will not. Would you feel differently if people were focusing on removing accreditation rather than closing the doors entirely?

My concern is that I want to see psychology pushing the envelope, trying to figure out ways to raise standards, figure out ways to recruit better and better students, graduate individuals with more and more credentials. Recently, we are seeing the push in the opposite direction - no standard is too low. Can't get an APA internship? That's okay, its unreasonable to expect doctoral-level providers to be good enough to qualify for THAT. Lack the credentials for a post-doc that pays? That's okay, you can work for free for a year or two after you graduate. Lack the ability to do a full-blown dissertation and prove you are a competent scientist as well? That's okay, just throw together a case report. This is what concerns me. I believe in always striving to do things better than I did the week before. I'd like to see the same from my profession.
 
Good on you O123. Re: question #1, I am not sure I would feel much differently. Changing standards to meet those deemed appropriate for a different model would homogenize the field, which I have no reason to believe is to the benefit of the public. I find it suspicious that the argument about public safety/outcome measures typically winds up sounding like the argument the anti-RxP crowd has with the pro-RxP crowd -- it ain't about public safety so much as it is a turf battle, so yes, the idea of the takeover is getting at the real meat of the matter. (For the record I am not convinced RxP is a good thing, either).

So in, brief, if entrance standards were homogenized I have no doubt we'd still be having this argument. Human problems are simply too diverse for one model to encompass -- most folks I talk with support a plurality of models rather than a uniform scientist practitioner model. From this perspective, there can be no winning argument in favor of homogenizing entrance standards, and to lament one model as having lax standards misses the point. The outcome measures would likely follow suit: to cry foul because one model doesn't meet the other's standards is all so much noise, but to demand that the entire tradition be scuttled is beyond silly. Class size, EPPP and internship data are simply not the measures to use in determining which programs should be flagged for abusive, exploitative practices.

Re: question two -- You said it, not the best example, but not simply because of politics. What ever happened to innocent until proven guilty? I am unaware of any data that proves graduates of FSPSs have blood on their hands, patients crowding the EDs, etc., so I don't know how the PATUTs, being all sciency, can look themselves in the mirror and make this claim.

As for removing accreditation, that is part of the game. Some will make it, some won't, regardless of the standards being set. The political question as to whether a program is served by seeking such accreditation in the first place is theirs and theirs alone to answer. APA accreditation has its benefits and costs. The folks at the APS would agree, I'm sure: psychology is bigger than the APA. Perhaps the PATUTS missed it, with me right there with 'em during the first couple of go arounds here -- you're right -- removing accreditation is not the same as closing the doors...

I'm with you that psychology should be pushing the envelope -- we seem to agree in principle, but disagree as to what constitutes valid standards and credentials. I am thoroughly unimpressed with attempts to blame FSPS for the lack of money in the field. Oh wait, no, I forgot -- FSPSs crashed the stock market, wiped out half of our 401Ks, took billions in TARP money, spilled oil in the Gulf of Mexico, gave themselves billions in bonuses, armed the world they then waged war on, and paid no taxes...

Your gripe about case studies in lieu of dissertations also proves that the anti-FSPS crowd overgeneralizes. My little FSPS requires dissertations. It was actually a draw for me. Again, not to tout my program, but merely to point out that the aggressive overgeneralizations are just that, and the whole anti-FSPS posture is simply indefensible. It really is unbecoming of psychologists and psychology students. Now let's just see Who's On First to slam the quality of the dissertations produced here! Shall we take bets?

Is it?

Two questions I have.

1) If instead of "shut down" they had said "Raise their standards and outcomes to levels comparable to traditional programs, or be shut down", would you feel differently about this discussion? I hold nothing in particular against these programs beyond what I perceive as shockingly low admission standards and evidence of poor outcomes by nearly all available outcome measures (though agree it would be nice to have more). I suspect if these schools did that, we wouldn't be having this discussion. However, I have serious doubts asking these schools to maintain comparable standards is viable for them.

2) Why does the burden of proof lie with traditional institutions, rather than new? When a new medication is developed, its up to the developers to prove it is up to industry standards. They don't get to release it and place the burden on others to prove that it doesn't work. Actually this is perhaps not the best example, given the politics involved (though I suppose that holds for APA accreditation as well - which I suspect played a role in how these schools obtained APA accreditation in the first place).

While personally, I'd be thrilled to see these institutions close their doors - I realize that isn't in my, or really anyone's authority to say (can the DOE even order a school closed? I don't believe so). The only power lies in accreditation, and I firmly believe that the APA should not be accrediting these schools. Since they seem to be continuing to do so, I've thrown my support into other organizations that have made it clear they will not. Would you feel differently if people were focusing on removing accreditation rather than closing the doors entirely?

My concern is that I want to see psychology pushing the envelope, trying to figure out ways to raise standards, figure out ways to recruit better and better students, graduate individuals with more and more credentials. Recently, we are seeing the push in the opposite direction - no standard is too low. Can't get an APA internship? That's okay, its unreasonable to expect doctoral-level providers to be good enough to qualify for THAT. Lack the credentials for a post-doc that pays? That's okay, you can work for free for a year or two after you graduate. Lack the ability to do a full-blown dissertation and prove you are a competent scientist as well? That's okay, just throw together a case report. This is what concerns me. I believe in always striving to do things better than I did the week before. I'd like to see the same from my profession.
 
Oh OG -- would it kill you to note that bad ol' Buzz and you both want psychology to thrive? Our advocacy efforts will be more meaningful when we cut out the crappy infighting so we can survey the potential areas for innovation. We're just ripe for family therapy -- the more I pursue, the more you flee...😛 😍

Pissed as well. I want to get to a point where *we* are all about advocating for our field, like docma pointed out--but NOT when our field has been hijacked. Once we sort out the standards and trim the fat, I think our advocacy efforts will be more meaningful. Right now, given the downward trend in our profession, we do not stand a snowball's chance of arguing for higher reimbursements or distinguishing ourselves from mid-level practitioners. Hell, some of these FSPSs are taking in students who probably can't get into a solid master's program.
 
"...this has been taken by some as evidence that the net effect of PsyD programs is to flood the field of psychology with lower quality (by traditional academic standards) psychologists...Thus, the largest increase in graduates is occurring primarily in schools with poor research programs"

Singularly unimpressed that this is sited as evidence by folks who are invested in the traditional academic model of psychology research.

a paragraph from the article. . .don't know about you, but that pisses me off.

also from the article,

"PhD programs outperformed PsyD programs for all outcomes"

Also, the article supports my notion that the FSPS aren't materially different from most university based psyd programs. The article did not examine funded psyd versus unfunded psyd (I don't think).

Not sure you have been making this argument, though I can understand why you'd want to. I know others who are anti-FSPS aren't. I guess I'll take a look at the article since it seems counter-intuitive to suggest there is no material difference...

I think, in general, you're going to have a hard time attracting good faculty to programs from the NCSPP list (or whatever it is). They don't have the resources, prestige, or student populations of other universities. And, to go to one as a faculty member would almost be career suicide as far as more resource-heavy institutions.

Yet there are *many* professors with PhDs from unies teaching at FSPS. They may not be great unies and/or professors. But some are. Sure -- fiddle around with their livelihood...It just strikes me as a cavalier attitude/position to take, on all points.
 
They should never have been opened.



But, be that as it may, I've given proof:

- lower match rates at APA sites
- more debt
- lower scores on licensing exams
- lower quality students (as evidenced by GPA, GRE scores)
- we could also poll training directors around the country

Why do we need more than that?

I answer on many of my posts both here (see my response to O123, below) and on the letter to the apa thread.
 
In my neck of the woods, training at battered agencies is seen as an opportunity to practice leadership skills -- you know, making the community better not simply by helping individuals and families in distress but also the agencies that serve them. That's part of what I'm talking about when I suggest community/clinical hybrids are rich opportunities for psychological innovation. NOT that we don't screen out the places that simply fail to fulfill their contracts...

As for burden of proof, yeah -- you want to change the situation (FSPSs are here, nasty as that may be for you), you better prove that the resources it'll take to retool the industry are not being solicited to satisfy your personal tastes.

Actually, just to jump in here, that very much is a concern of mine. That doesn't mean that ALL practica sites are bad, but I find it very difficult to believe that some of these institutions can find extremely high-quality practica sites for all of the many students that are admitted. Some (many) may do fine but I don't like the idea of institutions accepted more students than they can give good training to and still graduating those who don't necessarily get good training. All students should have the opportuntiy to get good training. I am in a large urban area, we actually formally were a community psychology program so still have strong ties with a number of outside sites. I don't think we have as many clinical students total as the local Argosy accepts per year. We also struggle to find sites that are capable of training students in the high-quality, evidence-based care that we are expected to provide. Many of the places the Argosy students work are places that were dropped from our list of approved externships because for one reason or another, the training was deemed poor (most frequently, lack of evidence-based practitioners, lack of quality supervisors in general, etc.). Working in the community is admirable, but "training" should be just that...learning to do things well while being educated so that people can go into the community and make it better. Again, there are many places that are capable of providing great training on a shoe-string budget and that's great - we need more places like that. However, I find it hard to believe that a school that needs to place 250 students in practica can be as selective as a school that needs to place a fraction of that number. This is of course anecdotal, but I'd love to hear arguments against it.

I also see a whole lot of calls for "evidence" on this thread and the other one, but my view is that the burden should lie with the professional schools to provide that evidence. We have an accepted standard that by most objective markers, is being lowered by these institutions. Arguments about the validity of those markers are perfectly valid, and a fair point. However, I'm uncomfortable with the notion that it is "okay" to continue lowering standards until someone conducts an expensive, time-consuming study that proves that it is causing a problem. I'd very much like to see that study done, and if it is shown that the likelihood of someone having a solid understanding of the field as a whole (i.e. not just a "therapy technician"), appropriate training to engage in evidence-based practices and actual use of them, ability to comprehend the scientific literature, etc. is not related to graduate training, than my views may change. Until then, I think the burden of proof lies with those seeking to change the accepted standard.
 
This. Buzzworldsoldier, you seem to be under the impression that the FSPS model has replaced the university with the community as a training ground.

On the contrary, the argument is made that FSPS are lacking in crucial resources the unies are blessed with almost by definition.

So, according to you, the FSPS students saintly work with the underserved where us university students...do what now? I'm not exactly clear what your impression is.

No, simply that the argument is made that our training is not as solid because it is not consolidated in a clinical department but more likely scattered throughout the community.

Well, we work in the same places you do, in hospitals where there is no money to spare and in day programs where the staff double as the janitorial crew. Even if some universities have their own clinics, who do you think comes in to take advantage of the services provided? Believe it or not, universities provide training in community issues too.

Yes! But many in your camp simply see it as paying your dues, and that there's not much more to it than social work.

Anyway, no one is arguing that FSPS can't provide similar practical training to universities via these routes you speak of.

Re-read some of OGs threads. She's one of the main PATUTs (people against the unethical treatment of students of psychology) who dream of shuttering the FSPSs.

When people bring up the size of cohorts, they are not concerned about how much supervision you are getting at your pracitcum site, they are concerned about how much contact you have with the faculty. As students, we do learn from courses and from mentors, so the availability of these professors is highly important.

Come now. They are concerned about that, too. As for the course learning -- how many times is it said that a "B = PhD?" It'd be interesting to talk about faculty contact. Am I going to be told how much I don't get?

You bring up the old argument (whether you buy into it or not), that those of us at universities were born with silver spoons in our mouths. We are from a more privileged background than the salt of the earth FSPS students.

Yep...Except that makes no sense.

Never said it did. You worked hard to get there. I worked hard to get where I am. It is a different model. Yet the unies have, with a few brave exceptions, taken a position that the FSPSs offer nothing to the field of psychology, are ****e and need to be closed. I have counter argued at times to simply show the absurdity of this position.

Many of us chose the university route by necessity because our families could not afford to pay the tuition at the professional schools. Paying for an unfunded program was not an option for me monetarily so I worked until I could gain a position with funding. I don't have a problem with the IBR options in theory, but I do have a problem with students borrowing irresponsibly from tax payers and then expecting they can make a certain number of reduced IBR payments and have the rest of their debt forgiven. Who is being entitled in that scenario?
 
It means just as the community benefits from lab science, lab science sometimes takes its inspiration from the real world.

. . .and what does that have to do with FSPS?
 
No, simply that the argument is made that our training is not as solid because it is not consolidated in a clinical department but more likely scattered throughout the community.

Right, because FSPS don't have the resources to do much training themselves so they farm it out to local psychologists for a heavy fee. It's quite the racket. But, as far as population (patients), the universities see the same people.
 
I answer on many of my posts both here (see my response to O123, below) and on the letter to the apa thread.

I know you did, but your answer doesn't make much sense to me. Broken down, you seem to be arguing that FSPS serve a different clinical population and that shutting them down would take away these services; this is not true. Further, you make a distinction between community psychology and academic; there is no such distinction. In addition, you suggest that in academic psychology, the research model is mostly "lab" science; this is not true.

I don't see why we need less capable students trained by less capable faculty who score lower on every objective measure of competence and are burdened with massive financial debt as the new modal model in psychology. Seems like a dumbing down of the field for the benefit of a few (businesses that offer the psyd) and the detriment of many. One of the main creators of the psyd degree regretted it toward the end of his career for this reason; that's not someone biased by traditional academia.
 
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