Questions on first aid info on metabolic acidosis and RTA

[anbuitachi]

In first aid, they gave an mnemnic on normal anion gap:
Hyperalimentation
Addisons disease
Renal tubular acidosis
Diarrhea
Acetazolamide
Spirolactone
Saline infusion

They didn't explain why and I'm not certain. Can someone go over how these cause metabolic acidosis [other than RTA, Acetazolamide]
My understanding is hyperalimentation = high organic acid = acidosis, Addison's disease = low aldosterone = acidosis, diarrhea = bicarb loss = acidosis, spirolactone = aldosterone fail = acidosis, can someone confirm if these are the reasons?,

And also what are the reasons for saline infusion? It seems to me increased Na flow should increase H+ excretion which should increase pH..

Also for RTA type 1 and 2, what are the reasons for Hypokalemia? especially for type 2. And Ive seen places that said RTA cause sodium wasting.. can someone explain this?

Thank you!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

---

Members don't see this ad.

 

[Jonari]

In first aid, they gave an mnemnic on normal anion gap:
Hyperalimentation
Addisons disease
Renal tubular acidosis
Diarrhea
Acetazolamide
Spirolactone
Saline infusion

They didn't explain why and I'm not certain. Can someone go over how these cause metabolic acidosis [other than RTA, Acetazolamide]
My understanding is hyperalimentation = high organic acid = acidosis, Addison's disease = low aldosterone = acidosis, diarrhea = bicarb loss = acidosis, spirolactone = aldosterone fail = acidosis, can someone confirm if these are the reasons?,

And also what are the reasons for saline infusion? It seems to me increased Na flow should increase H+ excretion which should increase pH..

Also for RTA type 1 and 2, what are the reasons for Hypokalemia? especially for type 2. And Ive seen places that said RTA cause sodium wasting.. can someone explain this?

Thank you!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Here's the info from rapid review. book doesn't contain all the reasons...but it's a starting point

 

[anbuitachi]

o K binds to HCO3 for type 2? interesting

 

[youmiss]

Saline infusion of 0.9% is same as normal osmolarity of plasma --> normal Blood volume and normal soduim level --> decreased Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system --> increased HCO3- loss --> medibolic acidosis.