Again, your toddler analogy is faulty. Throwing pudding onto another is an act of aggression, and not justified from the get go. Your understanding of libertarianism is rather limited. When you think about libertarianism, think about things like, "the rights of your fist end where my face begins," and "do unto others as you would have them do unto you," rather than Cartman going, "whatever, I do what I want!" In general, libertarians don't want anyone's rights infringed upon, not just their own.
Regarding this particular incident, if Rand Paul didn't want to live in a place with an HOA, then he should have picked a different neighborhood when he was moving there. It is particularly ridiculous, though, in your example, that you are equating a fine from the local government with a neighbor assaulting him. A fine for knowingly violating an agreed upon rule is entirely different from a neighbor unable to contain his rage, and taking matters into his own hands. The neighbor is the dingus aggressor, here, and should get no sympathy.
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