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Had an interesting case 4 days ago in which the patient, in her early 60s with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, distant history of CHF, pacemaker capturing at all heart rates, clean coronaries, and a TTE demonstrating a LVEF 60%. She was morbidly obese with a BMI of 42. A-line and CVL placed after uneventful induction. Turned prone on a Wilson frame without difficulty and without any initial hemodynamic response to this position. Approximately 40 min later, and about 10 min after the surgical incision, she developed the first of many episodes of progressively increasing hypotension without bradycardia. There was no response to ephedrine (100mg) or phenylephrine at all (2mg). Vasopressin did help with the hypotension initially but required increasing boluses up to 5mg at a time, then switched to epinephrine boluses and started a dopamine and epi drip over the next hour. The ETCO2 was 10-12 during much of the hour, with BP dipping as low as 35/20 on the a-line that correlated to manual BP. Safe-passage neuromonitoring was abandoned after we could no longer sustain BP with subsequent discontinuation of propofol infusion and the sevoflurane was also discontinued with the last half-hour of anesthesia being versed/oxygen. The surgeon rapidly finished the interbody fusion and closed before the pedicle screws could be placed. She was turned supine, and almost immediately the BP improved markedly although still required a few more epi boluses in addition to the drips. Blood gases 25 min before the end of surgery revealed pH of 7.18, PaO2 of 90, PaCO2 of 42, Hgb 11. More crystalloid and bicarb were administered. Blood gases a 10 min before the end of surgery revealed a pH of 6.91, PaO2 of 85, PaCO2 of 38, Hgb 10, and a severe metabolic acidosis. Fluid and bicarb was given but the BP resolved prior to any significant administration of these, she was ventilated overnight, extubated, and remained on levophed for 2 days. Post op Echo was unchanged from preop echo. There were no neuro or cardiac deficits, and the renal failure rapidly resolved.
Four days later, she returned to the OR and we asked the surgeon to use a Jackson table with a frame to accommodate obese patients, placed a new aline (brachial), and my colleague did a TEE pre-prone demonstrating moderate MR missed on the TTE, and the LVEF was 40% instead of the 60% by TTE. The TEE probe was left in place after the patient was turned to the prone position, and demonstrated some mild reduction in ventricular filling compared to the supine position. We continued with the surgery uneventfully, and the patient never had a dip in BP.
We speculate that the Wilson frame combined with the obesity caused compression with a significant decrease in cardiac venous return with life threatening hypotension and when a different frame was chosen, there was no such complication.
Four days later, she returned to the OR and we asked the surgeon to use a Jackson table with a frame to accommodate obese patients, placed a new aline (brachial), and my colleague did a TEE pre-prone demonstrating moderate MR missed on the TTE, and the LVEF was 40% instead of the 60% by TTE. The TEE probe was left in place after the patient was turned to the prone position, and demonstrated some mild reduction in ventricular filling compared to the supine position. We continued with the surgery uneventfully, and the patient never had a dip in BP.
We speculate that the Wilson frame combined with the obesity caused compression with a significant decrease in cardiac venous return with life threatening hypotension and when a different frame was chosen, there was no such complication.